location, length, and relation of right an left ureter, raletion of male an female ureter, n physiological site of ureteric constriction, bloo supply an inerve supply of ureter, clinical sinificance of ureter with hysteriectpomy
location, length, and relation of right an left ureter, raletion of male an female ureter, n physiological site of ureteric constriction, bloo supply an inerve supply of ureter, clinical sinificance of ureter with hysteriectpomy
Lecture by Prof. Lambin in the course: "Tumour Hypoxia: From Biology to Therapy III". For the complete e-Course see http://www.myhaikuclass.com/MaastroClinic/metoxia
Urinary system
a) Anatomy and physiology of urinary system
b) Formation of urine
c) Renin Angiotensin system – Juxtaglomerular apparatus - acid base Balance
d) Clearance tests and micturition
The urinary system's function is to filter blood and create urine as a waste by-product. The organs of the urinary system include the kidneys, renal pelvis, ureters, bladder and urethra.The body takes nutrients from food and converts them to energy. After the body has taken the food components that it needs, waste products are left behind in the bowel and in the blood.
The kidney and urinary systems help the body to eliminate liquid waste called urea, and to keep chemicals, such as potassium and sodium, and water in balance. Urea is produced when foods containing protein, such as meat, poultry, and certain vegetables, are broken down in the body. Urea is carried in the bloodstream to the kidneys, where it is removed along with water and other wastes in the form of urine. Kidney and urinary system parts and their functions
Two kidneys. This pair of purplish-brown organs is located below the ribs toward the middle of the back. Their function is to:
Remove waste products and drugs from the body
Balance the body's fluids
Release hormones to regulate blood pressure
Control production of red blood cells
The kidneys remove urea from the blood through tiny filtering units called nephrons. Each nephron consists of a ball formed of small blood capillaries, called a glomerulus, and a small tube called a renal tubule. Urea, together with water and other waste substances, forms the urine as it passes through the nephrons and down the renal tubules of the kidney.
Two ureters. These narrow tubes carry urine from the kidneys to the bladder. Muscles in the ureter walls continually tighten and relax forcing urine downward, away from the kidneys. If urine backs up, or is allowed to stand still, a kidney infection can develop. About every 10 to 15 seconds, small amounts of urine are emptied into the bladder from the ureters.
Bladder. This triangle-shaped, hollow organ is located in the lower abdomen. It is held in place by ligaments that are attached to other organs and the pelvic bones. The bladder's walls relax and expand to store urine, and contract and flatten to empty urine through the urethra. The typical healthy adult bladder can store up to two cups of urine for two to five hours.
Upon examination, specific "landmarks" are used to describe the location of any irregularities in the bladder. These are:
Trigone: a triangle-shaped region near the junction of the urethra and the bladder
Right and left lateral walls: walls on either side of the trigone
Posterior wall: back wall
Dome: roof of the bladder
Hope this will help you in studying! :) because you used this, you are obliged to do the same, to upload publicly so that others will have an easy way on researching for their school works! keep up the good work studes! Goodluck!
June 3, 2024 Anti-Semitism Letter Sent to MIT President Kornbluth and MIT Cor...Levi Shapiro
Letter from the Congress of the United States regarding Anti-Semitism sent June 3rd to MIT President Sally Kornbluth, MIT Corp Chair, Mark Gorenberg
Dear Dr. Kornbluth and Mr. Gorenberg,
The US House of Representatives is deeply concerned by ongoing and pervasive acts of antisemitic
harassment and intimidation at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). Failing to act decisively to ensure a safe learning environment for all students would be a grave dereliction of your responsibilities as President of MIT and Chair of the MIT Corporation.
This Congress will not stand idly by and allow an environment hostile to Jewish students to persist. The House believes that your institution is in violation of Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, and the inability or
unwillingness to rectify this violation through action requires accountability.
Postsecondary education is a unique opportunity for students to learn and have their ideas and beliefs challenged. However, universities receiving hundreds of millions of federal funds annually have denied
students that opportunity and have been hijacked to become venues for the promotion of terrorism, antisemitic harassment and intimidation, unlawful encampments, and in some cases, assaults and riots.
The House of Representatives will not countenance the use of federal funds to indoctrinate students into hateful, antisemitic, anti-American supporters of terrorism. Investigations into campus antisemitism by the Committee on Education and the Workforce and the Committee on Ways and Means have been expanded into a Congress-wide probe across all relevant jurisdictions to address this national crisis. The undersigned Committees will conduct oversight into the use of federal funds at MIT and its learning environment under authorities granted to each Committee.
• The Committee on Education and the Workforce has been investigating your institution since December 7, 2023. The Committee has broad jurisdiction over postsecondary education, including its compliance with Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, campus safety concerns over disruptions to the learning environment, and the awarding of federal student aid under the Higher Education Act.
• The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is investigating the sources of funding and other support flowing to groups espousing pro-Hamas propaganda and engaged in antisemitic harassment and intimidation of students. The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is the principal oversight committee of the US House of Representatives and has broad authority to investigate “any matter” at “any time” under House Rule X.
• The Committee on Ways and Means has been investigating several universities since November 15, 2023, when the Committee held a hearing entitled From Ivory Towers to Dark Corners: Investigating the Nexus Between Antisemitism, Tax-Exempt Universities, and Terror Financing. The Committee followed the hearing with letters to those institutions on January 10, 202
This slide is special for master students (MIBS & MIFB) in UUM. Also useful for readers who are interested in the topic of contemporary Islamic banking.
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বাংলাদেশের অর্থনৈতিক সমীক্ষা ২০২৪ [Bangladesh Economic Review 2024 Bangla.pdf] কম্পিউটার , ট্যাব ও স্মার্ট ফোন ভার্সন সহ সম্পূর্ণ বাংলা ই-বুক বা pdf বই " সুচিপত্র ...বুকমার্ক মেনু 🔖 ও হাইপার লিংক মেনু 📝👆 যুক্ত ..
আমাদের সবার জন্য খুব খুব গুরুত্বপূর্ণ একটি বই ..বিসিএস, ব্যাংক, ইউনিভার্সিটি ভর্তি ও যে কোন প্রতিযোগিতা মূলক পরীক্ষার জন্য এর খুব ইম্পরট্যান্ট একটি বিষয় ...তাছাড়া বাংলাদেশের সাম্প্রতিক যে কোন ডাটা বা তথ্য এই বইতে পাবেন ...
তাই একজন নাগরিক হিসাবে এই তথ্য গুলো আপনার জানা প্রয়োজন ...।
বিসিএস ও ব্যাংক এর লিখিত পরীক্ষা ...+এছাড়া মাধ্যমিক ও উচ্চমাধ্যমিকের স্টুডেন্টদের জন্য অনেক কাজে আসবে ...
Macroeconomics- Movie Location
This will be used as part of your Personal Professional Portfolio once graded.
Objective:
Prepare a presentation or a paper using research, basic comparative analysis, data organization and application of economic information. You will make an informed assessment of an economic climate outside of the United States to accomplish an entertainment industry objective.
How to Build a Module in Odoo 17 Using the Scaffold MethodCeline George
Odoo provides an option for creating a module by using a single line command. By using this command the user can make a whole structure of a module. It is very easy for a beginner to make a module. There is no need to make each file manually. This slide will show how to create a module using the scaffold method.
MATATAG CURRICULUM: ASSESSING THE READINESS OF ELEM. PUBLIC SCHOOL TEACHERS I...NelTorrente
In this research, it concludes that while the readiness of teachers in Caloocan City to implement the MATATAG Curriculum is generally positive, targeted efforts in professional development, resource distribution, support networks, and comprehensive preparation can address the existing gaps and ensure successful curriculum implementation.
The simplified electron and muon model, Oscillating Spacetime: The Foundation...RitikBhardwaj56
Discover the Simplified Electron and Muon Model: A New Wave-Based Approach to Understanding Particles delves into a groundbreaking theory that presents electrons and muons as rotating soliton waves within oscillating spacetime. Geared towards students, researchers, and science buffs, this book breaks down complex ideas into simple explanations. It covers topics such as electron waves, temporal dynamics, and the implications of this model on particle physics. With clear illustrations and easy-to-follow explanations, readers will gain a new outlook on the universe's fundamental nature.
Introduction to AI for Nonprofits with Tapp NetworkTechSoup
Dive into the world of AI! Experts Jon Hill and Tareq Monaur will guide you through AI's role in enhancing nonprofit websites and basic marketing strategies, making it easy to understand and apply.
A review of the growth of the Israel Genealogy Research Association Database Collection for the last 12 months. Our collection is now passed the 3 million mark and still growing. See which archives have contributed the most. See the different types of records we have, and which years have had records added. You can also see what we have for the future.
How to Add Chatter in the odoo 17 ERP ModuleCeline George
In Odoo, the chatter is like a chat tool that helps you work together on records. You can leave notes and track things, making it easier to talk with your team and partners. Inside chatter, all communication history, activity, and changes will be displayed.
1. Kidney’s Function Filter 180 liters of blood daily, allowing excretion of metabolic wastes, foreign chemicals and excess ions to leave the body in urine Regulation of water and electrolyte balances Regulation of arterial pressure Regulation of acid-base balance Secretion, metabolism, and excretion of hormones Gluconeogenesis
10. The medulla divided into multiple cone-shaped masses of tissue called renal pyramids
11. The pyramid terminates in the papilla, which projects into the space of renel pelvis, a funnel shaped continuation of the upper end of the ureterPhysiologic anatomy of the kidneys
12. Renal blood supply Aorta Inferior vena cava Renal a. Renal v. Segmental a. Interlobar a. Interlobar v. Arcuate a. Arcuate v. Interlobular a. Interlobular v. Afferent arteriole Peritubular Capillaries Vasa recta Section of the human kidney showing the major vessels that supply the blood flow to the kidney and schematic of the microcirculation of each nephron. Glomerulus Efferent arteriole
13.
14. The Nephron Is the Functional Unit of the Kidney Each kidney in the human contains about 1 million nephrons, each capable of forming urine. The kidney cannot regenerate new nephrons. Each nephron contains (1) Renal corpuscle which blood plasma is filtered and (2) a long renal tubule in which the filtered fluid is converted into urine on its way to the pelvis of the kidney
15.
16. Renal tubule divided into the proximal tubule, loop of Henle, distal tubule and collecting ducts
18. The wall in the descending and lower end of the ascending limb called thin segment of loop of Henle
19. At the end of the thick ascending limb is a short segment called macula densa
20. Then fluid enters distal tubule, followed by cortical collecting tubule, which lead to cortical collecting duct, medullary collecting ducts
21.
22. Capillary Beds of the Nephron Every nephron has two capillary beds Glomerulus Peritubular capillaries Each glomerulus is: Fed by an afferent arteriole Drained by an efferent arteriole
23. Cellular features of renal corpuscle Wrapped around the capillaries of the glomerulus is cells called podocytes Capsular space: is the region within the glomerular capsule that collect the filtrate being force out of the blood The endothelial contain fenestration, which allows passage of water and ions and small molecules Basement membrane encloses the capillaries endothelium Surrounding the basement membrane is long footlike processes podocyte The foot processes are separated by gaps called slit pores through which glomerular filtrate moves
25. The fenestrated capillary endothelium, basement membrane, and podocyte makes up the filtration membrane The filtration membrane permits the escape of small molecules while preventing large molecules (proteins) from leaving the bloodstream and passing through into the capsular space
26. The cuboidal epithelial cells of proximal tubule have extensive microvilli in their luminal surfaces The cells contain mitochondria that provide ATP for active transport CELLS OF THE Proximal Tubule
27. Cells in the thin segment of loop of Henle The cells in the thin descending segment of the loop of Henle are simple squamous epithelial cells Lack of brush borders Permeable to water not to solute The thin ascending limb is permeable to solute not to water
28. Cells of the thick ascending loop of Henle and distal tubule Compose of cuboidal epithelium cells Fewer and smaller microvilli compared to proximal tubule Ascending limb highly permeable to solute, highly permeable to solute not to water Distal tubule more permeable to water than ascending limb Distal tubule is the end of the nephron
29. Where the cells of afferent arterioles and the ascending thick loop of Henle are in contact with each other they form juxtaglomerular apparatus Macula densa, specialized cells. They are part of the juxtaglomerular apparatus and appear to be sensitive to the content and rate of the flow of the filtrate Juxtaglomerular cells, smooth muscle cells of the afferent arteriole. Play role in GFR and blood pressure regulation by producing renin The Juxtaglomerular Apparatus
30. Cells of the cortical collecting ducts Two types of cells: Principal cells: Fewer microvilli. They are respond to aldosterone and ADH hormone that regulate their permeability to water and solute Principal cells permeability to water and solutes is regulated by hormones Intercalated cells: Involve in acid base balance Secretion of H+ for acid base balance
31. Cells of the medullary collecting ducts Composed mainly of principal cells Permeability of water and urea is hormonally regulated
32. Flow of fluid from the glomerular filtrate to the urine Glomerular capsule proximal tubule Loop of Henle distal tubule collecting duct papillary duct minor calyx major calyx renal pelvis ureter urinary bladder urethra