The document summarizes major European expeditions between 1450-1650 that led to the discovery and conquest of new lands. It describes how Spain and Portugal sponsored oceanic expeditions driven by demands for spices and other oriental goods. Explorers like Columbus, Magellan, and others sought new trade routes and lands, resulting in European contact with and colonization of the Americas and Asia. Magellan's expedition was the first to circumnavigate the globe, proving the Earth was round. This opened the world to further European conquest and colonization in the centuries that followed.

1. THE DISCOVERIES AND
CONQUEST
CHAPTER 5

2. The remarkable changes brought about by the 15th and 16th
century, as an aftermath of renaissance and reformation, paved
the way in shaping European society and culture and the
opening of the world to European expeditions.
SPAIN PORTUGAL

3. European demands for Oriental products like
gold, silver, sugar, milk, silk and spices.
Spices used as
preservatives for
food
Muslim Traders
dominated all
maritime routes

4. Used in oceanic expeditions

5. EUROPEAN EXPLORATIONS
1450 - 1650

6. Prince Henry
The Navigator
Bartolomeu Dias
1488
Vasco Da Gama
1498

7. Christopher Columbus
1492
Juan Ponce de Leon
1508
Vasco Nunez de Balboa
1513

8. Pope Alexander VI
• issued the Papal Bull,
1493
• west and south of the
Azores and the Cape Verde
Island should belong to
Spain

9. Treaty of Tordesillas and
Treaty of Saragossa

10. MAGELLAN’
S
EXPEDITION

11. Amerigo Vespucci – The Explorer of America
Ferdinand Magellan – a Portuguese explorer
who organized the Spanish expedition to
the East Indies from 1519 to 1522, resulting in
the first circumnavigation of the Earth,
completed by Juan Sebastián Elcano.

12. MAGELLAN’S EXPIDTION
• Atlantic to the South Pacific
• Cosmographer Rui de Faleiro
• The fleet was composed of five ships:
- The flagship Trinidad
- Santiago
- Concepcion
- San Antonio
- Victoria
• September 20, 1519
• Antonio Pigafetta
• Father Pedro de Valderrama
Difficulties along the way:
1. A mutiny was staged while anchored in
Port San Julian
2. San Antonio deserted and sailed back to
Spain
3. Lack of food, water, and medicine

13. • March 16, 1521
• Island of Sails
• Islas de Ladrones
• March 17, 1521
• March 18, 1521
• Raj Kolambu
• March 31, 1521
• Archipelago of Saint
Lazarus
• April 7, 1521
• Rajah Humabon
• Holy Child

14. THE BATTLE OF MACTAN

15. RETURN TO SPAIN
Commander Sebastian Del Cano – who
completed the first circumnavigation of the
Earth

16. SIGNIFICANCE OF
MAGELLAN’S
EXPEDITION
• Proved that the Earth
is round.
• SEA ROUTE
• Realization to the
vastness of the Pacific
Ocean
• Existence of the
beautiful Philippines

17. OTHER EXPEDITION
• Loaisa
• Sebastian Cabot
• Saavedra, 1527
• Roy Lopez de
Villalobos, 1542
• Las Islas Filipinas
• King Charles II of
Spain

18. TREATY OF ZARAGOSA

19. THE LEGAZPI EXPEDITION
• Luis de Velasco – viceroy of Mexico
• Miguel Lopez de Legaspi
• Fr. Andres de Urdaneta – chief
navigator
• 1565
• Sikatana and Sigala of Bohol
• City of the Most Holy Name of Jesus
• 1570
• Martin de Goiti
• Juan de Salcedo
• Rajah Sulayman
• 1571 – Legazpi prepared a bigger
expedition in Manila
• Adelantado
• Distinguished and Ever Loyal City

20. THANK YOU!
“THE MORE YOU KNOW OF
YOUR HISTORY, THE MORE
LIBERATED YOU ARE.”