The three European kingdoms that became major colonial powers through exploration were Spain, Portugal, and England. The document discusses the "3Gs" that drove European exploration: God (spreading Christianity), Gold (acquiring wealth), and Glory (expanding national power and prestige). It then summarizes the early Spanish expeditions to the Philippines led by Ferdinand Magellan, Alvaro de Saavedra, Ruy Lopez de Villalobos, and Miguel Lopez de Legazpi, who established the first Spanish cities in the Philippines.

1. In a piece of paper,
1. Enumerate the three kingdoms in the
European continent who later became the
superpowers in exploration.
2. Compare and contrast the Old World and the
New World.
3. Discuss the 3G or the 3 goals of the European
exploration.

2. Spanish Expeditions to the
Philippines
Social Living and Global Education 8

3. 3G’s of European Exploration

4. First G: GOD
• Religion played an
important part in the
European continent,
especially the
Christian religion.
• Spreading the
Christian faith by force
and other means are
considered
acceptable.

5. Second G: GOLD
• According to the
economic principle
called mercantilism,
a country’s wealth is
limited so he has to
get resources from
other lands by
exploration.

6. Second G: GOLD
• The country’s wealth is
based on the amount of
gold and silver reserves.
• Gold and silver were
used as currency and
trading.
• The more gold and
silver, the powerful and
rich the country is.

7. Third G: GLORY
• Monarchs are still in
the light of competing
with each other.
• Stronger governments
and ambitious
monarchs built empire
abroad.
• Empire = Power

8. Third G: GLORY
• Individuals are inspired
to take on a journey
and win a prize of being
a “celebrity” in the
success of returning
back.

9. What is an Expedition?
• It is also referred as
exploration overseas
supported by the
Spanish government.
• It has 3G as their
aim: GOD, GOLD and
GLORY.

10. Ferdinand Magellan
• Ferdinand Magellan,
a Portuguese in the
service of the
Spanish crown, was
looking for a
westward route to
the to the Spice
Islands of Indonesia.

11. Ferdinand Magellan
• On March 16, 1521,
Magellan's expedition
landed on Homonhon
island in
the Philippines.
• He was the first
European to reach
the islands.

12. Ferdinand Magellan
• On April 17, 1521, Magellan sailed to Mactan and ensuing
battle killed Magellan by the natives lead by Lapu-Lapu.

13. Ferdinand Magellan’s Route

14. Ferdinand Magellan’s Route
• Juan Sebastian de
Elcano, the master of
ship "Concepcion" took
over the command of
the expedition after the
death of Magellan and
captained the ship
"Victoria" back to Spain.

15. Alvaro de Saavedra
• The expedition of 1527 by
Saavedra reached the Philippines.
• He wanted to go to Cebu to find
the Spaniards left there.
• They were driven away by the
strong winds and died while
returning to Spain.

16. Saavedra’s Route

17. Ruy Lopez de Villalobos
• Villalobos set sail for the
Philippines from
Navidad, Mexico on
November 1, 1542.
• He followed the route
taken by Magellan and
reached Mindanao on
February 2, 1543.

18. Ruy Lopez de Villalobos
• He established
a colony in Sarangani but
could not stay long
because of insufficient
food supply.
• His fleet left the island
and landed on Tidore in
the Moluccas, where they
were captured by the
Portuguese.

19. Ruy Lopez de Villalobos
• Villalobos is remembered
for naming our country
“Islas Filipinas,” in honor
of King Charles’ son,
Prince Philip, who later
became king of Spain.

20. Miguel Lopez De Legazpi
• The expedition started in
Mexico, not in Spain
because of the King’s
command to minimize
expenses.
• Padre Andres Urdaneta
was also commanded to
join the expedition.

21. Miguel Lopez De Legazpi
• On February 13, 1565,
Legaspi's expedition
landed in Cebu island.
After a short struggle with
the natives, he proceeded
to Leyte, then to Camiguin
and to Bohol.

22. Miguel Lopez De Legazpi
• Legazpi made a blood
compact with the
chieftain, Datu Sikatuna
as a sign of friendship.
• Legaspi was able to
obtain spices and gold
in Bohol due to his
friendship with
Sikatuna.

23. Miguel Lopez De Legazpi
• Establish the first city in the Philippines: Cebu
(ciudad de santisimo nombre de jesus)

24. Miguel Lopez De Legazpi
• Establish the city of Manila: (Most Noble and Ever
Loyal City of Manila)

25. Legazpi’s Tomb in San Agustin Church

26. GRASPS
GRAPS Description
GOAL To trace the different routes that the medieval explorers took by
creating a map
ROLE To be a cartographer or map maker
AUDIENCE Global students, Teachers
SITUATION Each student will take the role as a cartographer or map maker of
a historical association which was based in Europe. In celebration
of the 500 years since the start of Age of Discovery in the
medieval period, the commission will present maps containing the
routes that the first four explorers took.
(Magellan, Columbus, Da Gama and Diaz)
PRODUCT Present a map that the contains the routes and time frame that
the first four explorers had in their exploration of the New World
STANDARDS See rubrics

27. SAMPLE OF THE GRASPS