This document provides an overview of human anatomy and physiology concepts for a pharmacy course. It discusses [1] the scope and role of anatomy and physiology in pharmacy, [2] the organizational structure of the human body from cells to organ systems, and [3] how students will apply this knowledge to pharmacy fields like pharmacology and patient care. Key topics covered include cell structure and function, tissue types, the 11 organ systems, anatomical positioning, and medical imaging techniques.

1. ANATOMI FISIOLOGI
MANUSIA I

2. Diskripsi singkat
Perkuliahan ini menjelaskan tentang konsep
dasar fisiologi anatomi manusia antara lain :
 pengertian, ruang lingkup dan peran serta
fungsi anfisman pada bidang farmasi;
 Struktur organisasi tubuh manusia, fisiologi
sel dan konsep homeostasis
 Eksitabilitas jaringan, dasar fisiologi syaraf
dan anatomi fisiologi syaraf pusat dan
otonom

3.  system hemopoetika dan sistem imun
 system respire-kardiovaskular I (jantung
sebagai pompa dan sirkulasi darah)
 system integumentum dan musculoskeletal

4. Standar Kompetensi
 Setelah mengikuti kuliah ini mahasiswa dapat
menjelaskan konsep dasar anatomi fisiologi
manusia dan penerapannya di bidang farmasi,
misalnya di bidang farmakologi, patofisiologi,
farmakoterapi dan asuhan kefarmasian.

5. Pustaka :
 Guyton, Fisiologi manusia dan mekanisme
penyakit
 Ganong, Review Fisiologi Kedokteran
 Martini, Principals of Human Anatomy and
Physiology
 Tortora, Fundamental of Human Anatomy
and Physiology

6. Anatomi dan Fisiologi
Anatomi – studi tentang struktur
Fisiologi – studi tentang fungsi / ilmu faal
Struktur selalu berhubungan dengan fungsi
1-3

7. Tingkatan organisasi
Atom – hidrogen, lithium
Molekul –molekul air, molekul glukosa
Makromolekul –molekul protein, molekul DNA
Organela – mitokondria, aparatus golgi, ......??
Sel – sel saraf, sel hati dll
Jaringan–jaringan konektif, jaringan otot
Organ –kulit, femur
Sistem organ– sistem skeletal, sistem digestive
Organism -manusia 1-4

8. Tingkatan organisasi
1-5

9. Karakteristik hidup
Movement – perubahan posisi
Responsiveness – reaksi thd perubahan
Growth – peningkatan ukuran
Respiration – mengambil oksigen, mengeluar CO 2,
melepaskan energi
Reproduction – produksi organisme baru /sel baru
1-6

10. Karakteristik hidup
Absorpsi – melewatkan subtansi mkn melewati
membran dan cairan tubuh
Sirkulasi – perpindahan substansi di cairan tubuh
Asimilasi – perubahan subtansi yg diabsorbsi
menjadi subansi yg berbeda
Ekskresi – pengeluaran zat sampah
Digesti– mencerna makanan
1-7

11. Kebutuhan Organisme
air
- subtansi paling terbesar di tubuh
- dibutuhkan utk proses metabolisme
- dibutuhkan utk transport
- pengaturan suhu tubuh
Makanan
- supply energi
- supply raw materials
1-8

12. Kebutuhan Organisme
Oxygen
-1/5 dari udara
- digunakan utk melepaskan energi dr nutrien
panas
- pembentukan energi
- mengontrol reaksi laju metabolik
Tekanan
- atmospheric pressure – penting utk bernafas
- hydrostatic pressure – menjaga aliran darah
1-9

13. Rongga tubuh
1-12

14. Rongga tubuh

15. Membran serosa
Membran toraks
•Visceral pleura
•Parietal pleura
•Visceral
pericardium
•Parietal
pericardium
Lapisan viseral– melapisi organ
Lapisan parietal –membatasi rongga / dinding tubuh
Membran Abdominopelvik
Visceral peritoneum
•Parietal peritoneum
1-13

16. Membran serosa
1-14

17. Sistem organ
1-15

18. Sistem organ
1-16

19. Sistem organ
1-17

20. Terminologi anatomi
Posisi relatif
• Superior versus Inferior
•Anterior versus Posterior
•Medial versus Lateral
•Ipsilateral versus Contralateral
•Proximal versus Distal
•Superficial versus Deep
1-18

21. Irisan tubuh
•Sagittal / Midsagittal or Median
•Transverse / Cross
•Coronal or Frontal
•Oblique
1-19sagital transversal frontal

22. Abdominal Subdivisions
1-20

23. Body Regions
1-21

24. Clinical Application
Medical Imaging
1-22
•Noninvasive procedures
•Provide images of soft internal
structures
Magnetic Resonance Imaging
•Requires injection of dye
•Produces computerized
transverse, frontal, and
sagittal sections of area
being studied
Ultrasonography
(USG)
•Use of high-
frequency sound
waves
•Relatively quick
and inexpensive

25. S E L

26. Cells
All organisms -living things-
are made of
cells.
These cells are like
tiny building blocks.
Cells do the
jobs that keep
organisms
alive.
Cells are the smallest
part of a living thing.

27. Two Fundamentally Different Types of Cells
A prokaryotic cell
A eukaryotic cell

28. Us vs. Them
-Eukaryotes
and
Prokaryotes
Perbedaan sel prokariotik
dan eukariotik

29. An Idealized Animal Cell

30. Eukaryotic Cells

31. Cells are Us
Ada 200 tipe sel.
Sel kecil, 0.002 cm (20 um).
nerve cell
Red and
white blood
cells above
vessel-
forming cells.
Sel penyusun manusia jumlahnya sekitar
100 trillion (100,000,000,000,000 or 1 x
1014
).

32. Cellular Anatomy
We’ll start by seeing what role these parts play in making
and moving proteins.

33. Pergerakan sel
Cytoskeleton
-serabut protein yg ditemukan di sel
eukariotik
-support bentuk sel
-menjaga organela pada lokasi yg tetap
-membantu perpindahan material ke dalam
sel

34. The Cytoskeleton
An animal cell cytoskeleton

35. Cytoskeleton

36. A white
blood cell
using the
cytoskeleton
to “reach
out” for a
hapless
bacterium.
The
Cytoskeleton
in Action

37. The Cytoskeleton in Action
Cilia on a protozoan Beating sperm tail at fertilization
Smoker’s cough is due to destruction of cilia linking the airways.

38. Homeostasis
Body’s maintenance of a stable internal environment
Homeostatic Mechanisms – monitor aspects of the
internal environment and corrects any changes
•Receptors - provide information
•Control center - tells what a particular value should be
•Effectors - causes responses to change internal
environment
1-10

39. Homeostatic Mechanisms
1-11