This document provides an overview of the key components of an internal combustion (IC) engine in an automobile. It lists and describes the main components, including the engine block, crankshaft, connecting rod, piston, piston rings, valves, camshaft, cylinder head, intake and exhaust manifolds, radiator, spark plugs, fuel system components, and more. The purpose is to familiarize mechanical engineering students with the basic parts of an engine and their basic functions.

1. INTRODUCING
COMPONENTS OF IC
ENGINE (AUTOMOBILE
ENGINE)
Zaheer Abbas 13-M-804
Shahid Mamood 13-M-809
M. Azaz 13-M-820
M. Ahmad 13-M-842
M. Sibtain 13-M-844
M. TanVeer 13-M-845

2. LET’S STUDY
COMPONENTS OF ENGINE

3. AIMS OF PRESANTATION
 Being an MECHANICAL ENGINEER we
must know all the basic component of an
engine
 Must be familiar with the NAME of
components.
 Must aware about BASIC FUNCTION.
 WHY?? They used.

4. ENGINE COMPONENTS

5. ENGINE BLOCK
 Body of an engine containing the cylinders.
 Normally made of ALUMINUM or CAST IRON.
 Old engine also have a case for water jackets.

6. CAMSHAFT
 Rotating shaft used to push open valves at proper
timing in engine cycle.
 Can be control HYDRAULICALLY or
MECHANICALLY.
 Modern engine have more then two cams.

7. CRANKSHAFT
 Rotating shaft through which engine is work
output supply to the system.
 It rotate by which work is done.
 Mostly they made of forged steel or cast iron.
 It is attached with the engine block by MAIN
BEARING.
 Rotates in circular motion
 Having crank weights attached with crankshaft

8. CRANKSHAFT
 s

9. CONNECTING ROD
 Rod connecting the piston with rotating crankshaft.
 Provided the contact from piston to the crankshaft.
 Usually made of STEEL or ALLOY FORGED but in
small engine it can be made of ALUMINUM.

10. CONNECTING ROD BEARING
 Bearing where connecting rod fastens
to crankshaft.

11. PISTON
 A cylindrical-shaped mass that
reciprocate back and forth in the cylinder
transmitting force to the crankshaft.
 The top of the piston is called CROWN
and the sides are called SKIRT.
 PISTON is made up of cast iron, steel or
aluminum.
 Aluminum piston are light . Used for light
engine .

12. Piston is one of the important component of
engine.

13. PISTON RINGS
 Metal ring that fixed into a circumferential grooves
around the piston.
 Made up of highly polished chromed steel
 It make a seal between piston and cylinder walls.
 It also used for lubrication purpose.

14. VALVES
 Used to allow the flow into and out of the cylinder at
proper time in the cycle .
 VALVES are made of forged steel.
 Two stroke engine do not have valves they have
ports system (slot).

15. VALVE GUIDE
 A slot at which valve attached.

16. VALVE SPRING
 The spring which attached at the valve.
 Push back the valve / closed the valve.

17. CYLINDER or
COMBUSTION CHAMBER
 The end of the cylinder between head and
piston face where combustion take place.

18. CRANKACASE
 The part of the engine block surrounding
the rotating shaft
 The oil pan makes up part of the crank
case housing.

19. LOWER CRANK CASE

20. CARBURETOR
 CARBURETOR is used for making a air and
fuel mixture .
 It is replaced by EFI system.
 A proper mixture is needed for proper
combustion so that carburetor used.
 It mixing up the fuel and air .
 Making a rich or lean mixture as requirment.

22. RADIATOR
 It is an HEAT EXCHANGER.
 It is usually mounted in front of the engine in the
flow of the air.
 Used to cool down the engine and run proper
thermodynamic cycle .

23. SPARK PLUG
 Electric device used to initiate combustion in SI engine.
 Made up of the metal surrounded by the ceramic
insulation.
 Spark plugs only used in SI engine.

24. SPARK PLUG WIRE
 The wire which connect all the spark plugs to the
distributor.
 Number of wire depends on the number of plugs.
 The transfarmation of current will always be
alternatively.

25. INTAKE MANIFOLD
 Piping system which delivers incoming air to the
cylinder.
 They made up of cast metal ,plastic or composite
materials.
 In IS engine fuel added to the air in intake manifold.

26. EXHAUST MANIFOLD
 Piping system which carry exhaust gases away from
the system.
 Made up of CAST IRON.

27. FLYWHEEL
 To store the energy , provide energy
when it is needed and store.
 It keeps the engine rotating.

28. FUEL INJECTOR
 A pressurized nozzle which spray the fuel
into the incoming air on SI engine.
 Injector directly spray at the combustion
chamber.
 It is placed at the centre of the
combustion chamber.

30. FUEL PUMP
 Electrically or Mechanically driven pump to supply
fuel form the fuel tank to the engine.

31. COOLING FINS
 To cool the engine .
 FINS increase the area so that it allows air to stay
more in fins.
 Bikes have such fins.

32. HEAD GAS KIT
 Gas kit which serve as a sealant between
engine block and head where they bolted
together.

33. ALTERNATOR
 Generator which enable current in both
direction.

34. DISTRIBUTOR
 A case that enables engine’s ignition.
 The plug wires connected with distributor.

35. OIL PAN
 Oil reservoir usually bolted at the bottom of the
crankcase.
 Act as a oil sump.

36. Oil pump
 Pump used to distribute oil from oil
pan to the required point for
lubrication purpose.

37. Oil filter
 To filter the oil.
 Clean oil is need for proper lubrication.

38. STARTER
 Starter is an electrical device which is used
to provide initial torque to the engine at the
time of start.

39. Turbo charger
 Turbine compressor used to compress
incoming air into the engine.
 The turbine is powered by the exhaust flow
of the engine so it take very little useful work
from engine.

40. Thanks