Parts of a cell. definitions and activities
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This document provides an overview of cell structure and organization. It defines prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells, and describes the main components of animal and plant cells, including the cell membrane, nucleus, cytoplasm, organelles, mitochondria, chloroplasts, and cell wall. Specific organelles like the endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi body, ribosomes, lysosomes, centrioles, and vacuoles are explained. Videos are provided for virtual tours of typical animal and plant cells. Activities at the end instruct students to fill in organelle names and compare animal and plant cells.
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Cytology is the study of cells. The cell theory states that all living things are made up of cells, new cells are formed via cell division of pre-existing cells, and cells contain hereditary materials. Cytology examines cell structures, functions, and interactions, and is important for understanding diseases. The cell membrane forms the boundary of cells and allows selective transport of materials through proteins and pores. The fluid mosaic model describes the cell membrane as a fluid bilayer of phospholipids with embedded proteins that give it a mosaic-like structure.
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The document compares the structures and functions of cells to components of a school. The cytoplasm is likened to the entire school building, housing all internal components. The cytoskeleton provides structural support similar to school walls and roof. Specific cell organelles are each mapped to an equivalent school feature, such as lysosomes functioning like bathrooms, centrioles like a volleyball net, and the nucleus acting as the administrative office. Ribosomes are viewed as students who transfer materials, matching their protein production role.
The cell is like a school
The nucleus controls the cell like an office, the nucleolus makes ribosomes like a principal, and chromosomes pass information from parent to offspring like teachers pass knowledge to students. The cell membrane gives shape like walls, cytoplasm allows chemical reactions like a chemistry room, and vacuoles store food and minerals like a cafeteria while mitochondria produce energy from food breakdown like a gym.
A Cell Is Like A School[1]
The nucleus is compared to the school principal as it is in charge of what occurs in the cell. The ribosomes are like the vice-principal as they take orders from the principal and help run processes. The endoplasmic reticulum is likened to classrooms where work gets completed, while the Golgi apparatus is the teacher that helps processes finish. Lysosomes act as the janitor to remove waste, and the nuclear envelope allows materials to move in and out like the school's main office.
Ear
The human ear consists of three main parts that work together to receive and process sound: the outer, middle, and inner ear. The outer ear collects sound waves and funnels them through the ear canal to the eardrum. In the middle ear, the eardrum vibrates and transmits the vibrations to three tiny bones called ossicles. The ossicles then pass the vibrations to the inner ear, which contains the cochlea and balances organs that turn sound vibrations into nerve signals sent to the brain.
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The document summarizes the history and key concepts of cell theory. It describes how early microscopists like Hooke, van Leeuwenhoek, and Brown discovered key cell structures and components. In 1838, Schleiden concluded that plants are made of cells, and in 1839, Schwann concluded the same for animals, laying the foundations for cell theory. Virchow later established that cells only arise from pre-existing cells. The modern cell theory states that all living things are made of cells, cells are the basic unit of life, and new cells arise from existing cells. The document also discusses cell size, shape, types (prokaryotic vs. eukaryotic), and some of the
Copy of cell introduction
The document discusses the cell theory, which states that all living things are made of cells, cells are the basic unit of structure and function of living things, and new cells are produced from existing cells. It describes the key differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells, including that prokaryotes lack a nucleus and organelles while eukaryotes have a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles. The document also provides details on the structures and functions of cell membranes and other cellular components in prokaryotic cells.
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The document compares the structures and functions of cells to components of a school. The cytoplasm is likened to the entire school building, housing all internal components. The cytoskeleton provides structural support similar to school walls and roof. Specific cell organelles are each mapped to an equivalent school feature, such as lysosomes functioning like bathrooms, centrioles like a volleyball net, and the nucleus acting as the administrative office. Ribosomes are viewed as students who transfer materials, matching their protein production role.
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The nucleus controls the cell like an office, the nucleolus makes ribosomes like a principal, and chromosomes pass information from parent to offspring like teachers pass knowledge to students. The cell membrane gives shape like walls, cytoplasm allows chemical reactions like a chemistry room, and vacuoles store food and minerals like a cafeteria while mitochondria produce energy from food breakdown like a gym.
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The nucleus is compared to the school principal as it is in charge of what occurs in the cell. The ribosomes are like the vice-principal as they take orders from the principal and help run processes. The endoplasmic reticulum is likened to classrooms where work gets completed, while the Golgi apparatus is the teacher that helps processes finish. Lysosomes act as the janitor to remove waste, and the nuclear envelope allows materials to move in and out like the school's main office.
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The document discusses the cell theory, which states that all living things are made of cells, cells are the basic unit of structure and function of living things, and new cells are produced from existing cells. It describes the key differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells, including that prokaryotes lack a nucleus and organelles while eukaryotes have a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles. The document also provides details on the structures and functions of cell membranes and other cellular components in prokaryotic cells.
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The document compares various parts of a school to organelles and their functions in a cell. It states that the plasma membrane regulates what enters and exits the cell like an administrative assistant controls the school, the nucleus controls all cell activities like the principal directs the school, and the cytoplasm contains all the organelles and cell activities like the school floor contains desks and materials. It also compares the endoplasmic reticulum to the cafeteria kitchen where proteins are assembled, lysosomes to janitors that break down waste, the cytoskeleton to support beams that maintain the cell's shape, centrioles to buses that transport materials in the cell, the nucleolus to a teacher directing an assembly, and mitochondria to the lunch
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The document compares the structures and functions of cells to those in a high school. It states that the plasma membrane regulates what enters and leaves the cell similar to how the school secretary controls access. The mitochondria and principal both play important roles in energy production and school-wide functioning. The nucleus controls all cellular activities just as the student government controls school operations. The cytoplasm and school walls both define internal and external boundaries.
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All living organisms are made of cells and cellular products. The cell is the smallest structural, functional, and biological unit of all living organisms. It can capable of biosynthesis, replication and energy transformation. All cellular organelles carry out specific functions that are necessary for the normal functioning of the cell. Animal cells work together and function interdependently. Human cells vary in size, shape, and function. Most animal cells are so small they can only be seen with the aid of a microscope. Based on function, there are more than 200 different kinds of animal cells that help each system contribute to the homeostasis of the entire body. Despite their many differences, human cells have several similar structural features: a cell membrane, a nucleus, and cytoplasm and cell organelles.
The cell is like a school
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Vacuoles are membrane-bound organelles present in plant, fungal, and some protist and animal cells. There are three main types of vacuoles: storage vacuoles, contractile vacuoles involved in osmoregulation, and vacuoles involved in autophagy. Plant cell vacuoles occupy most of the cell volume and provide structural support and storage. Fungal vacuoles maintain a low pH through V-type ATPase pumps. During cell division, vacuoles are segregated into daughter cells through actin filament transport mediated by myosin motor proteins.
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Plant and animal cells share some key similarities but also have important differences. Both contain a nucleus that houses genetic material and controls cell functions. They also have ribosomes that produce proteins. However, plant cells contain chloroplasts for photosynthesis and a cell wall for structure and shape, while animal cells do not. The presence of chloroplasts allows plant cells to produce their own food via photosynthesis.
Cell
The document summarizes key aspects of cellular organization and structure. It describes that cells make up tissues, tissues make up organs, and organs make up organ systems. It then discusses the structures and functions of key cellular components in plant and animal cells, including the plasma membrane, cell wall, cytoplasm, Golgi apparatus, ER, lysosomes, mitochondria, ribosomes, nucleus, and vacuoles. Finally, it compares the key differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells, noting things like size, presence of membrane-bound organelles, and cell division mechanisms.
BIOLOGY GRADE 9BR _ CELLSJ_WEEK 6-7.pptx
- All organisms are made up of cells, which can be seen with microscopes like light microscopes and electron microscopes. Light microscopes magnify up to 1500x while electron microscopes can magnify up to 500,000x.
- Cells contain various structures that carry out different functions. Plant and animal cells contain a cell membrane, cytoplasm, nucleus, and mitochondria. Plant cells also have a cell wall and chloroplasts.
- Various equipment are used to view cells at different levels of magnification, from hand lenses magnifying 10x up to electron microscopes magnifying over 10 million times.
Biology holiday homework
Robert Hooke discovered cells in 1665 when examining a slice of cork under his microscope. He saw that cork had a honeycomb-like structure consisting of many small compartments, which were later termed cells. All organisms are made of cells, with some being single-celled and others multicellular. Cells have a plasma membrane, nucleus, cytoplasm, and various organelles that allow them to carry out functions necessary for life. The basic components and structures of cells were described.
cell physiology.pptx
The document provides information about cell structure and function. It discusses that cells are the fundamental units of living things and humans are made up of trillions of cells. It then describes the main parts of the cell in detail, including the plasma membrane, cytoplasm, nucleus, organelles like the endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, lysosomes, peroxisomes, mitochondria, and microtubules. It explains the functions of these parts, such as how the organelles work together to keep the cell alive and allow it to carry out tasks like nutrient intake, processing, waste removal, and energy production. The document also discusses different types of transport across the cell membrane like endocytosis and pinocytosis.
6920309.ppt
1. A cell is the smallest unit capable of performing life functions and all living things are composed of cells.
2. There are two main types of cells - prokaryotic cells which lack a membrane-bound nucleus and eukaryotic cells which have a membrane-bound nucleus and organelles.
3. Key cell organelles include the nucleus which houses genetic material, mitochondria which generate energy, the endoplasmic reticulum and golgi apparatus which aid in protein transport and modification, and plastids and chloroplasts which perform photosynthesis in plant cells. Together, these organelles allow the cell to carry out all functions necessary for life.
fundamental unit of life :cell
This document provides an overview of cell structure and function. It discusses that the cell is the fundamental unit of life, and all cells perform basic functions like respiration and nutrition. The key components of a cell are then described in more detail. This includes the plasma membrane, nucleus, cytoplasm, and various organelles within the cell and their functions. Specifically, it outlines the roles of the endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, lysosomes, mitochondria, chloroplasts, and ribosomes. The document concludes by distinguishing between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells.
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B.Sc. Biochemistry II Cellular Biochemistry Unit 2 Cellular components
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Parts of a cell. definitions and activities
- 1. Unit 1. Organization of the Human Body 3rd year ESO UNIT1. THE CELL CELLS The structural and functional units of all living things. PROKARYOTIC CELLS Cells with no nucleus or nuclear membrane. EUKARYOTIC CELLS Cells which have a nucleus separated from the cytoplasm by the nuclear membrane. CELL MEMBRANE It is the outer covering of a cell. It regulates the substances exchange between the inside and the outside of the cell. NUCLEUS It contains the genetic material of the cell (DNA). NUCLEOLI (sing. NUCLEOLUS) Round body in the nucleus that produces the parts of the ribosomes. CYTOPLASM It is the inside of the cell. It is a fluid where many of the chemical reactions of the cell take place. It contains the nucleus, the organelles, mitochondria, vacuoles, etc. CYTOSKELETON It is a "skeleton" contained within the cytoplasm. It maintains cell shape, transports substances from one place to another in the cytoplasm and enables cellular motion. It is made up of different kinds of filaments. ORGANELLES Small structures in the cytoplasm responsible for cell functions. TRANSPORT SYSTEM/ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM Internal network of membranes. There are two types: ROUGH ER This is where proteins formed in the ribosomes are stored and processed. SMOOTH ER This is where lipids are formed. GOLGI BODY/GOLGI APPARATUS/GOLGI COMPLEX Set of membranous sacs which collects, modifies and distributes the substances made by the ER. RIBOSOMES Organelles where proteins are made. They can be isolated and dispersed in the cytoplasm or stuck to the rough ER and the nuclear membrane. MITOCHONDRION It is the part of a cell where energy is obtained through the process of respiration. LISOSOMES Round sacs in animal cells containing enzymes to digest substances. They don´t exist in plant cells. CENTRIOLES Two bodies in animal cells which are vital to cell division. They don´t exist in plant cells. CELL WALL Thick, rigid part of plant cells that surrounds the plasmatic membrane and provides support and protection. It is made of cellulose. VACUOLES They are like bags, surrounded by membranes, where storage or waste substances accumulate, mainly water. They are also in animal cells, but they are smaller. CHLOROPLASTS Organelles that store a green pigment called chlorophyll and where photosynthesis takes place. AMYLOPLAST They store starch.
- 2. Unit 1. Organization of the Human Body 3rd year ESO ANIMAL CELL PLANT CELL Videos: Tour on an animal cell: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PXbv95P3uhI Tour in a plant cell: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LMVQ-INMSVw
- 3. Unit 1. Organization of the Human Body 3rd year ESO Activities. 1. Complete the names of the organelles. 2. Explain the differences between an animal cell and a plant cell.