Part three the_internet[1]

01/31/15 Mugerwa Richard
Part Three
The Internet

Objectives
 Understand what the Internet is and how it works.
 Understand what the Word Wide Web (WWW) is and
how it works.
 To understand the use of web browser.
 To understand how to use the e-mail.
 To differentiate between the Internet and WWW.
 To differentiate between the Internet and Intranet.
 To differentiate between the Intranet and extranet.
 To differentiate between the Website and www.
 To differentiate between the Website and Intraweb.
 To understand what a search engine is and how it
works.

Internet or the Net
What is the
Internet?

What is the Internet?
 The Internet is a Network of computer
networks linked together worldwide.
 It is a public (global) network of
computers based on TCP/IP
(Transmission Control Protocol/Internet
protocol) – Set of rules or standards
used by networked computers to
communicate to each other.
 What is a network?

What is the Internet? cont…
 Internet is transport for information
 Computer networks are linked by either copper
wire,
 Fiber optic cables
 Wireless connection through satellite
 The Internet is a global network of networks.
 People and organizations connect onto the
Internet so they can access its massive store of
shared information.

What is the Internet? cont…
 The Internet is an fundamentally
participative medium of working with
information.
 Anybody can publish information or
create new services.
 The Internet is a cooperative endeavour
-- no organization is in charge of the
Net.

How Do I Connect to the Internet?
 Computer
 Network Links (connection) –
Phone Line, Cables, digital
subscriber line (DSL), Wireless, ...
 Modem
 Network Software - TCP/IP
 Application Software –
Operating System,
Web Browser,
 Internet Service Provider (ISP)

Services on the Internet
 Some of the services on the Internet include:
 World Wide Web
 Accessing various websites
 E-mail (Electronic Mail)
 Exchange of electronic messages
 Internet Relay Chat (IRC)
 Instant communicating or chatting,
 Chat rooms
 Newsgroups
 E-commerce and e-business
 Internet phone calls (Voice over Internet
Protocol)VoIP
 …

Internet cont…
 Internet Service Provider (ISP)
 A company that provides access to the Internet
to individuals or companies. E.g. MTN, UTL
 Web Hosting Provider (WHP)
 Are companies that allows you a place to keep
your web site on their server so people on the
Internet can view it. E.g. Jolis.net,
Hostingpot.com

Internet cont…
Internet – a worldwide network of computers, making information
available to everyone

Internet cont…
 On these computers, people have published
information: pages with text and pictures.
 These pages are called ‘webpages’ which are
linked to form ‘websites’. There are millions of
websites on internet, with an enormous amounts
of information which you can view and use for
your reading, research or fun!
 These websites are accessed through a web
browser

Web Browser
 Web browser is an application software that
enables users to display and interact with
web pages or websites.
 It an application software that enables users
to access the Internet through different
websites.
 The user can access:
 Either on WWW
 Or the Intraweb

Web Browser cont...
 Software for
accessing the
web
 Examples of
web browser
software

Features of a Web Browser
 Konqueror

Web Browser cont...
 MozillaFirefox

 Address window or Location window
 The uniform resource locator (URL) is the
unique identifier of a web page.
 The location window displays the URL of
the current page.
 You can go directly to a web page if you know
its URL: click once in the location window
and type it in the URL
Features of a Web Browser

Web Browser cont…
Exercise
 Open web browser
 Type in address bar “www.google.com”
 “www.bbc.co.uk”
 “http://home.umu.ac.ug/”
 “http://www.fiuc.org/umu”

What is World Wide Web (www)
 World Wide Web (WWW, “The Web”) is the
interconnection of the websites (documents)
and Internet services (Email, IRC, etc)
 Webpage - document on WWW
 Website
 collection of linked Webpages under common
administration, i.e. One organisation like
Uganda Martyrs University
 The starting point for a web site sometimes is
called a home page.

World Wide Web cont.
 Web pages are stored in computers
called web servers.
 Any organization can setup a web
server.

 Intranet
 http://home.umu.ac.ug
 Website
 http://www.fiuc.org/umu
 http://www.umu.ac.ug

UMU Website

 Website
 Collection of web-pages under common
administration
 Each website has a unique address
 URL – Uniform Resource Locator – is the
address of a web site.
 The global address of a webpage (documents)
and other resources on the World Wide Web.
 URLs start wit http:// which stands for hypertext
transfer protocol
 Accessed through web browsers

Internet and www
 Differences
 Internet is interconnection of computer
networks
 www is the interconnection of websites
 Similarities
 They are accessed through web browsers
 They use the same web technology
 Research about the uses of www.

Intranet
 Why does this website looks different from
the one I see when I am at the university?
 What is an Intranet?
 An Intranet is private computer network
 Local Area Network (LAN)
 Intranets offer all the benefits of the Internet
but offer them privately
 For a particular organisation for example
Uganda Martyrs University

UMU Intraweb

Intranet cont…
 Benefits of the Intranet
 Exchange of e-mails with in the organization
 Sharing of information
 Sharing resources
 What do you think are the disadvantages of
the Intranet?

E-mail
 What is an e-mail?
 Electronic mail
 Communication between two or more parties
 Sender and recipient need an email address
 <username@domain>
 Procedure

E-mail cont…
 E-mail language
 Inbox - Box for incoming messages
 Sent or Outbox – outgoing messages
 Trash – Box for deleted messages
 Compose or New – Write a new message
 Send – Send message
 Login or Sing in
 Logout or Sign out

 Email Clients - program that lets the user receive and
send electronic messages.
 Most email client software allows you to:
 Display a list of received messages. Each message
header shows you who sent the mail, the subject line, the
time and date it was sent, and at times, the size of the
message.
 Select the message header and read the message.
 Create new messages.
 Reply to, forward, and delete messages.
 "Attach" files (called attachments) to messages you send.
 Download the attachment.
 Save the attachments you receive.
Accessing the E-mail

Accessing the E-mail cont…
 How do I access my e-mail (UMU)?

Accessing the E-mail cont.

Accessing the E-mail cont…
 How do I access my e-mail (UMU)?
1 - number of the message; 2 - date and time message arrived;
3 - name of the sender; 4 - subject of the email;
5 - size of the message

 How do I access my e-mail (Yahoo)?

Reading and sending a E-mail
cont.
 How do I read an e-mail message?

Use of Different Buttons
 The Stop button stops page loading.
 The Reload button fetches a fresh copy of
the page.
 If the page is already loaded, the Stop button
freezes the animations.
 Go back one page
 Go forward one page

The progress bar
illustrates page load
progress.
Go back
one page
Go back
one page

Reading and sending a E-mail cont.

Attaching a file to E-mail
 How do I attach a file to a message?
 Use New button as you are sending message
 Attachment – Click on Browse
 Select the file from its Location
 Click Open button
 Click Add button

Sending and receiving message
 Sending
 Specify recipient
 Specify subject
 Compose message
 Send
 Receiving email
 Go to inbox
 Select message

Sending and receiving message
cont.
 Imagine receiving such a message?
 The sender of this message is called "Your
Name" and we do not know what the
message is about.
 The use of CC
 The use of Subject

Exercise
 Send an email to a classmate and CC to
another classmate
 Use this address: bam2010@umu.ac.ug
 Receive that email

Searching the Internet
 The underlying model is client-server.
 A Web server is a program running on a
computer that is set up to serve documents to
other client computers that send requests for
documents.
 A Web client is a program that lets the user
request documents from a server. The server
only operates when a document is requested.

Searching the Internet cont…

 A Web client is usually a Web browser.
Its operation is as follows:
 Client connects to a computer specified by a network
address;
 This address is called a URL (Uniform Resource
Locator);
 Request is sent to the computer's Web server (http
server);
 Server responds by sending the text and other media;
 The document is in HTML (Hypertext Markup
Language).

Using Search Engines
 A search engine is a database of resources
that can be searched by keywords.
 Alta Vista <www.altavista.com>
 Northern Light <www.northernlight.com>
 Google <www.google.com>
 Type in a keyword e.g. Computer Literacy

 The next screen shows the results: Google
found 7.630.000 websites and shows you the
first ten on this page.
 Each result is a ‘link’ to a website containing
the key word ‘Computer Literacy’. Move
your cursor on a link and click to visit that
website.
 Use the mouse right button to open a new
tab for each link you want to view or ‘Back’-
button to go back to Google’s results and
click on another link.

 Hyperlinks – What is hyperlinks
 Hyperlinks typically appear as highlighted
(underlined and coloured).
 When you move the mouse cursor over a
hyperlink, the arrow should change to a
“small hand pointing at the link" when you've
found a hyperlink.
 Click once to follow a hyperlink.
 A hyperlink can be a graphic, a work or set of
words.

 Scroll down using a mouse or scroll bar on
the right side of the search window the
page to see more links…
 Google shows a little text from each website.
Google also shows the address of the
website
 At the bottom of each page, you can click to
see the next ten results.

 Select the text or information you have searched.
 Copy the information.
 Paste the text in the word processor you are using.
 Edit, format your test.
 Save your text.
 Remember to acknowledge the source of the text
under reference.
 Example: McKay D. R., (year). Computer Literacy - An Important Skill.
http://careerplanning.about.com/od/importantskills/a/comp_literacy.htm [Viewed
23rd September, 2010]

You Can't Get Lost on the Web
 Your browser remembers where you've been.
 Use the Back and Forward buttons to retrace
your path.
 Use the Home button to return to your start
page.
 Press and hold down on the Back or
Forward buttons to see the list of web pages
you visited.

Bookmarks
 A bookmark marks your place on the Web.
 Press the Bookmark button for the bookmarks
menu.
 Select "Add Bookmark" to create a bookmark
for the current page.
 Bookmarks stay on the computer where you
make them.
 Bookmarks are called favorites or Internet
shortcuts in Internet Explorer

Review
 What is Internet?
 What is WWW?
 What is a website?
 What is a webpage?
 What do you understand by an email?
 What is an intranet, extranet, intraweb?
 What is a web browser?
 What is a search engine?
 How do you search the Net?

The Web Adventure Begins
Make sure you keep practice the new skills.

Class Assignment
 Create a File
 Type one page of any useful information
 Utilise all the basic skills we have so far learnt on
how to work with a word-process and the
KEYBOARD [it will earn you an additional mark]
 Save your file using a meaningful filename
 Attach it to a message, give a meaningful
subject for your message
 Send it to my email address, and
 Send a copy to yourself

Part three the_internet[1]

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