The document summarizes a workshop on solar photovoltaic business models held by INDIS Energy and pManifold. It outlines the workshop objectives to educate participants about consumer solar products, off-grid and rooftop solar solutions, grid-connected solar plants, and the manufacturing and financing aspects of solar energy. Key gaps in scaling up solar power in India are identified as high initial capital costs, limited skills and awareness, a lack of solar insolation data, and difficult financing. Consumer solar products like LED lights could help address the need for lighting among rural populations currently spending significantly on biomass and kerosene for lighting daily.
India has made significant progress in solar energy capacity addition, with 604.89 MW inaugurated in April 2012 setting the foundation for solar growth. Falling prices of solar modules due to increased manufacturing has made solar projects more viable, though developers still face challenges in arranging financing. Government policies that provide clarity and continued support will be important to sustain the rapid growth of solar energy capacity in India.
Outsourced Innovation Case Study-Bettendorf, Iowaadambcarney
The city of Bettendorf collaborated with MidAmerican Energy to install a demonstration of 32 Philips Lumec LED streetlights replacing 32 high-pressure sodium fixtures. This was done to evaluate the energy savings, light quality, and cost-effectiveness of LEDs. Preliminary results found a projected 49% annual energy savings from the LEDs. However, payback was estimated at over 20 years for a full retrofit due to the high upfront cost of the LEDs. Ongoing monitoring is needed to verify the LEDs meet lighting standards long-term.
Light and heat from the sun is the most abundant energy source on earth.The solar energy that hits our planet’s surface in one hour is about equal to the amount of energy consumed by all human activities in a year. Moreover, electricity generated by solar power is emission-free and can help mitigate climate change as well as reduce our dependence on finite carbon-based energy sources.
ABB offers a range of solutions that not just help capture the sun’s rays in the most effective manner but also help achieve grid parity.
Team Members: Pulkit Bohra, Pulkit Mathur, Mudit Jain, Tarun Gupta
We presented the above presentation in Mahindra War room finals, 2012. This presentation discusses the business strategy for Mahindra EPC in Clentech sector.
Oled and led lighting scenarios sep 2011 HCLIan Hendy
The document provides an overview of the LED and OLED lighting industries, which are at different stages of maturity. It discusses the various players in the LED industry and how the market is transitioning from being driven by display backlighting demand to general lighting as display companies establish their own supply chains. It also notes that OLED lighting is just beginning while LED lighting is reaching scale. Several of the key players in both LED and OLED lighting are profiled and their strategies and positioning discussed.
Solar Power Asia Conference in SingaporeLei Ching Y.
Solar Power Conference 2014 reflects Asia’s increasing focus on solar power. It brings together regulatory bodies, financial institutions, solar investors and IPPs from Asia to discuss business opportunities and challenges.
The document discusses concepts for clean energy project design. It argues that incremental improvements to existing energy technologies will not be sufficient and that energy technology evolution will be driven by the need for carbon abatement. It proposes that energy technology innovation will follow a different trajectory and evolve much more rapidly, similar to the semiconductor industry. Key future technologies discussed include solar energy breakthroughs, carbon capture and storage, insulation technologies, fuel cells, and high-temperature nuclear fission. The document advocates leapfrogging technologies and designing truly massive yet low-cost clean energy projects for India's growing middle class.
India has made significant progress in solar energy capacity addition, with 604.89 MW inaugurated in April 2012 setting the foundation for solar growth. Falling prices of solar modules due to increased manufacturing has made solar projects more viable, though developers still face challenges in arranging financing. Government policies that provide clarity and continued support will be important to sustain the rapid growth of solar energy capacity in India.
Outsourced Innovation Case Study-Bettendorf, Iowaadambcarney
The city of Bettendorf collaborated with MidAmerican Energy to install a demonstration of 32 Philips Lumec LED streetlights replacing 32 high-pressure sodium fixtures. This was done to evaluate the energy savings, light quality, and cost-effectiveness of LEDs. Preliminary results found a projected 49% annual energy savings from the LEDs. However, payback was estimated at over 20 years for a full retrofit due to the high upfront cost of the LEDs. Ongoing monitoring is needed to verify the LEDs meet lighting standards long-term.
Light and heat from the sun is the most abundant energy source on earth.The solar energy that hits our planet’s surface in one hour is about equal to the amount of energy consumed by all human activities in a year. Moreover, electricity generated by solar power is emission-free and can help mitigate climate change as well as reduce our dependence on finite carbon-based energy sources.
ABB offers a range of solutions that not just help capture the sun’s rays in the most effective manner but also help achieve grid parity.
Team Members: Pulkit Bohra, Pulkit Mathur, Mudit Jain, Tarun Gupta
We presented the above presentation in Mahindra War room finals, 2012. This presentation discusses the business strategy for Mahindra EPC in Clentech sector.
Oled and led lighting scenarios sep 2011 HCLIan Hendy
The document provides an overview of the LED and OLED lighting industries, which are at different stages of maturity. It discusses the various players in the LED industry and how the market is transitioning from being driven by display backlighting demand to general lighting as display companies establish their own supply chains. It also notes that OLED lighting is just beginning while LED lighting is reaching scale. Several of the key players in both LED and OLED lighting are profiled and their strategies and positioning discussed.
Solar Power Asia Conference in SingaporeLei Ching Y.
Solar Power Conference 2014 reflects Asia’s increasing focus on solar power. It brings together regulatory bodies, financial institutions, solar investors and IPPs from Asia to discuss business opportunities and challenges.
The document discusses concepts for clean energy project design. It argues that incremental improvements to existing energy technologies will not be sufficient and that energy technology evolution will be driven by the need for carbon abatement. It proposes that energy technology innovation will follow a different trajectory and evolve much more rapidly, similar to the semiconductor industry. Key future technologies discussed include solar energy breakthroughs, carbon capture and storage, insulation technologies, fuel cells, and high-temperature nuclear fission. The document advocates leapfrogging technologies and designing truly massive yet low-cost clean energy projects for India's growing middle class.
The document discusses a team from IIM Ahmedabad that is focusing on opportunities in India's growing solar energy sector. It provides an overview of solar power in India, including targets under the Jawaharlal Nehru National Solar Mission to significantly increase solar capacity by 2022. It also outlines various government incentives for solar power production in India like feed-in tariffs, renewable purchase obligations, and fiscal incentives that are driving growth in the country's solar industry.
This document discusses green electrical upgrades that can reduce costs for industrial customers. It provides an overview of energy-efficient electrical products and solutions that have been proven to lower energy consumption and operating costs for commercial buildings. These include upgrades to lighting systems, motors, variable frequency drives, transformers, and other industrial energy systems. Adopting energy-efficient upgrades can provide significant savings given that industry consumes around 32% of total U.S. energy usage.
The Consortium for Education, Research & Technology (CERT) has been retained to support the Energy Efficiency and Conservation Strategy (EECS) in three key roles: identifying and aligning higher education resources, serving as a link between different organizations involved, and informing the work group. As part of this, CERT will help identify "green jobs" across various sectors that are expected to see increased demand, enhanced skills needs, or be new and emerging occupations to support the six focus areas of the EECS. CERT is also constructing a database of academic and research resources, identifying potential funding opportunities, and convening partners to support collaborative efforts around workforce development and energy education/outreach.
johnson controls CanaccordAdams Virtual Roundtable: A Perspective on Energy E...finance8
This document summarizes Johnson Controls' annual analyst day presentation on October 14, 2008 in New York City. Johnson Controls has three main business segments: Building Efficiency, Power Solutions, and Automotive Experience. In 2007, Building Efficiency generated $34.6 billion in sales and $1.3 billion in earnings. The presentation will review Johnson Controls' strategies, market outlook, and guidance for 2009.
The project will begin with a comprehensive technical and economic analysis addressing all aspects of a
battery’s lifecycle in search of the best second-use strategies, followed by a comprehensive test program to
verify findings, particularly battery lifetimes. For the field test, researchers will deploy aged EV batteries at
the University of California (UC), San Diego’s campus-wide electric power grid. The results of the study will:
Provide validated tools and data on battery life to industry for battery reuse
Recommendations for EV battery design and manufacturing practices
Identify the necessary regulatory changes to encourage secondary battery use
Assess the economic benefit of second uses
ABB Contact 3/12 (India) Energy Efficiency IssueABBCONTACT
ABB has been in the energy business for 120 years. Using energy more efficiently will not only contribute the lion's share of emissions reductions needed, it is arguably the most sustainable and cheapest way to reduce emissions and address global energy security. Energy- efficient systems can pay for themselves in energy saving, sometimes within months, and further reduce operation and maintenance costs in the long term. Plug in to this issue to understand how we help customers squeeze the most value from each unit of energy they use.
Solar solution Provided by Dayton Power,Dayton power is solar energy solution provider for home and enterprise.our customize product include solar water pump and solar flour mil.
Dish Stirling - CSP - Technology in TransitionSmithers Apex
- Technology overviews
- Workable business model for Stirling CSP
- What can we expect by 2016
- Battle –Strategy and Sustainable challenges for Dish and other CSP
- Drivers- Barriers and Performance
Cynthia Christensen, President, CORNWELL GROUP
The document outlines SAIG's plans to establish electric vehicle, battery, and bamboo composite manufacturing facilities in India. SAIG will invest in these projects and collaborate with the Indian government who will provide land, subsidies, loans, and technology support. The facilities will employ thousands of workers and have positive environmental and economic impacts through job creation, exports, and use of sustainable materials like bamboo. SAIG is committed to the principles of environment, education, and employment in India.
India's largest solar program in Gujarat has cut rates paid to utilities for solar power by up to 33% as global panel prices have declined by more than half. The new rates for projects commissioned after January 28th will be Rs 9.98/kWh for the first 12 years and Rs 7/kWh for the next 13 years, down from Rs 15/kWh. India is lowering clean energy subsidies as equipment costs plunge. The document also provides an overview of cleantech private equity deals in the last 6 months of 2011 and first quarter of 2012, totaling $28.3 million, and information on carbon credit prices and clean energy news updates.
Driving Innovation in Utilities– The IBM Experiencebmarcoux
This document discusses driving innovation in utilities from IBM's perspective. It provides an overview of IBM Research, describing its global presence and accomplishments. It defines innovation as the process of transforming ideas into business value. The document contrasts incremental vs radical innovation and describes how the smarter grid represents a radical innovation. It advocates for open innovation and describes IBM's approach to managing radical innovation through an Innovation Board, Innovation Portfolio Management, and Stage-Gate Project Management. The document concludes by highlighting some of IBM's energy grand challenges and encouraging continued work to build smarter energy and utilities organizations.
The document discusses MACED's approach to promoting clean energy in Appalachia. It notes that the region faces economic distress due to the decline of coal and rising energy costs, creating an opportunity for clean energy growth. MACED's strategies include supporting new clean energy jobs with capital and assistance, creating examples that benefit local communities, and piloting programs to increase energy efficiency. The organization provides capital, technical support, and advocacy to strengthen the clean energy value chain in Appalachia from entrepreneurs to end users.
The document summarizes the strategies of the 50 leading companies in the global renewable energy industry. It finds that while the industry faced challenges from the economic downturn, the renewable sector remained vibrant with $257 billion in investments. However, declines in subsidies and selling prices led to industry consolidation. The top 50 companies invested heavily in emerging markets and pursued integration, internationalization, and innovation strategies to adapt to the changing market.
Viridor Waste Management, CRT Heaven, and MDJ Light Brothers are companies involved in plastics and electronics recycling in the UK. The opportunity involves increasing recycling of electronics and plastics, which currently have low recycling rates. Electronics contain valuable materials like gold but also toxins, while plastic consumption is growing but most is not recycled. Government initiatives aim to boost recyclate markets and recycling infrastructure to create more opportunities in this area and meet environmental targets.
Solar3.0 Roadmap From Policy To ProfitabilitySolarTech
The Solar3.0 initiative is a proposed roadmap to provide the U.S. solar industry with a quantitative line of sight to probability - A repeatable, scalable, subsidy free market.
ABB has been awarded contracts to provide electrical equipment and automation solutions for several core industries projects:
1) ABB will supply low voltage switchgear, drives, and motor control equipment for a natural gas processing plant in Abu Dhabi to ensure operational safety and reliability.
2) ABB successfully commissioned integrated electrical and automation systems for the largest cement production line in Ukraine, helping the plant improve energy efficiency and reduce emissions.
3) ABB has been awarded a contract to supply most of the electrical equipment for the Nui Phao polymetallic mine in Vietnam, including medium voltage switchgear and a control system.
The document summarizes a project by GE Digital Energy to implement a smart grid system in the remote community of Bella Coola, Canada to more efficiently manage their energy supply. The system used an optimization-based microgrid controller and energy storage to reduce the community's reliance on costly diesel generators. Initial tests estimated the system could lower diesel consumption by 200,000 liters and greenhouse gas emissions by 600 tons annually. The project demonstrated the potential of smart grid technologies to sustainably and cost-effectively power off-grid communities.
The document provides information about the "Utility Scale PV Yield Optimization Conference & Expo" taking place from November 30 to December 1, 2010 in San Jose, US. The conference aims to help attendees optimize their balance of system engineering to lower costs and boost output from utility-scale photovoltaic plants. It will feature over 25 expert speakers and sessions on topics like plant layout, component selection, wiring design, and performance monitoring to help maximize yield and profits. Attendees will also be able to network and find solutions from exhibitors to improve their system design and operations and maintenance strategies.
1) Explain your product and value proposition in 1-2 concise sentences. Focus on how it helps homeowners save on energy costs through personalized recommendations and optimizations.
2) Highlight your business model and potential revenue streams. Emphasize partnerships with solar installers to bundle your product and a subscription-based service.
3) Share customer validation so far. Note interest from homeowners in saving energy and solar companies as potential distribution partners.
4) Request the funding amount needed and how it will be used - to further develop the product and web service, and for customer acquisition like marketing.
The document discusses opportunities for smarter electric grids through analyzing, simplifying and implementing new technologies and business models. It highlights two key opportunities: renewable energy integration through improved forecasting and scheduling aided by energy storage; and demand response programs. Challenges in deploying smart grid technologies include defining business cases, regulatory policies, consumer acceptance and technical design issues.
This document discusses how nanotechnology can improve solar cell efficiency and reduce costs. It describes how incorporating nano-scale materials like quantum dots and silicon particles into solar photovoltaic cells allows them to absorb more wavelengths of light and reduces manufacturing complexity and expenses compared to traditional silicon solar cells. The document argues that nano-solar cells have advantages like higher efficiency even in cloudy conditions, more compact size, and lower costs that could make them viable future energy sources.
Solar Photovoltaic Module Industry, Solar PV Module Manufacturing Plant, Deta...Ajjay Kumar Gupta
The document provides information about solar photovoltaic module manufacturing in India. It discusses the growing demand for solar PV modules in India due to rising energy needs. The key factors driving demand include government policies promoting solar power, falling prices of solar modules, and a push for renewable sources to meet energy requirements and improve energy security. The document also examines the major players in India's solar PV module industry and provides projections for growth in solar capacity and manufacturing.
The document discusses a team from IIM Ahmedabad that is focusing on opportunities in India's growing solar energy sector. It provides an overview of solar power in India, including targets under the Jawaharlal Nehru National Solar Mission to significantly increase solar capacity by 2022. It also outlines various government incentives for solar power production in India like feed-in tariffs, renewable purchase obligations, and fiscal incentives that are driving growth in the country's solar industry.
This document discusses green electrical upgrades that can reduce costs for industrial customers. It provides an overview of energy-efficient electrical products and solutions that have been proven to lower energy consumption and operating costs for commercial buildings. These include upgrades to lighting systems, motors, variable frequency drives, transformers, and other industrial energy systems. Adopting energy-efficient upgrades can provide significant savings given that industry consumes around 32% of total U.S. energy usage.
The Consortium for Education, Research & Technology (CERT) has been retained to support the Energy Efficiency and Conservation Strategy (EECS) in three key roles: identifying and aligning higher education resources, serving as a link between different organizations involved, and informing the work group. As part of this, CERT will help identify "green jobs" across various sectors that are expected to see increased demand, enhanced skills needs, or be new and emerging occupations to support the six focus areas of the EECS. CERT is also constructing a database of academic and research resources, identifying potential funding opportunities, and convening partners to support collaborative efforts around workforce development and energy education/outreach.
johnson controls CanaccordAdams Virtual Roundtable: A Perspective on Energy E...finance8
This document summarizes Johnson Controls' annual analyst day presentation on October 14, 2008 in New York City. Johnson Controls has three main business segments: Building Efficiency, Power Solutions, and Automotive Experience. In 2007, Building Efficiency generated $34.6 billion in sales and $1.3 billion in earnings. The presentation will review Johnson Controls' strategies, market outlook, and guidance for 2009.
The project will begin with a comprehensive technical and economic analysis addressing all aspects of a
battery’s lifecycle in search of the best second-use strategies, followed by a comprehensive test program to
verify findings, particularly battery lifetimes. For the field test, researchers will deploy aged EV batteries at
the University of California (UC), San Diego’s campus-wide electric power grid. The results of the study will:
Provide validated tools and data on battery life to industry for battery reuse
Recommendations for EV battery design and manufacturing practices
Identify the necessary regulatory changes to encourage secondary battery use
Assess the economic benefit of second uses
ABB Contact 3/12 (India) Energy Efficiency IssueABBCONTACT
ABB has been in the energy business for 120 years. Using energy more efficiently will not only contribute the lion's share of emissions reductions needed, it is arguably the most sustainable and cheapest way to reduce emissions and address global energy security. Energy- efficient systems can pay for themselves in energy saving, sometimes within months, and further reduce operation and maintenance costs in the long term. Plug in to this issue to understand how we help customers squeeze the most value from each unit of energy they use.
Solar solution Provided by Dayton Power,Dayton power is solar energy solution provider for home and enterprise.our customize product include solar water pump and solar flour mil.
Dish Stirling - CSP - Technology in TransitionSmithers Apex
- Technology overviews
- Workable business model for Stirling CSP
- What can we expect by 2016
- Battle –Strategy and Sustainable challenges for Dish and other CSP
- Drivers- Barriers and Performance
Cynthia Christensen, President, CORNWELL GROUP
The document outlines SAIG's plans to establish electric vehicle, battery, and bamboo composite manufacturing facilities in India. SAIG will invest in these projects and collaborate with the Indian government who will provide land, subsidies, loans, and technology support. The facilities will employ thousands of workers and have positive environmental and economic impacts through job creation, exports, and use of sustainable materials like bamboo. SAIG is committed to the principles of environment, education, and employment in India.
India's largest solar program in Gujarat has cut rates paid to utilities for solar power by up to 33% as global panel prices have declined by more than half. The new rates for projects commissioned after January 28th will be Rs 9.98/kWh for the first 12 years and Rs 7/kWh for the next 13 years, down from Rs 15/kWh. India is lowering clean energy subsidies as equipment costs plunge. The document also provides an overview of cleantech private equity deals in the last 6 months of 2011 and first quarter of 2012, totaling $28.3 million, and information on carbon credit prices and clean energy news updates.
Driving Innovation in Utilities– The IBM Experiencebmarcoux
This document discusses driving innovation in utilities from IBM's perspective. It provides an overview of IBM Research, describing its global presence and accomplishments. It defines innovation as the process of transforming ideas into business value. The document contrasts incremental vs radical innovation and describes how the smarter grid represents a radical innovation. It advocates for open innovation and describes IBM's approach to managing radical innovation through an Innovation Board, Innovation Portfolio Management, and Stage-Gate Project Management. The document concludes by highlighting some of IBM's energy grand challenges and encouraging continued work to build smarter energy and utilities organizations.
The document discusses MACED's approach to promoting clean energy in Appalachia. It notes that the region faces economic distress due to the decline of coal and rising energy costs, creating an opportunity for clean energy growth. MACED's strategies include supporting new clean energy jobs with capital and assistance, creating examples that benefit local communities, and piloting programs to increase energy efficiency. The organization provides capital, technical support, and advocacy to strengthen the clean energy value chain in Appalachia from entrepreneurs to end users.
The document summarizes the strategies of the 50 leading companies in the global renewable energy industry. It finds that while the industry faced challenges from the economic downturn, the renewable sector remained vibrant with $257 billion in investments. However, declines in subsidies and selling prices led to industry consolidation. The top 50 companies invested heavily in emerging markets and pursued integration, internationalization, and innovation strategies to adapt to the changing market.
Viridor Waste Management, CRT Heaven, and MDJ Light Brothers are companies involved in plastics and electronics recycling in the UK. The opportunity involves increasing recycling of electronics and plastics, which currently have low recycling rates. Electronics contain valuable materials like gold but also toxins, while plastic consumption is growing but most is not recycled. Government initiatives aim to boost recyclate markets and recycling infrastructure to create more opportunities in this area and meet environmental targets.
Solar3.0 Roadmap From Policy To ProfitabilitySolarTech
The Solar3.0 initiative is a proposed roadmap to provide the U.S. solar industry with a quantitative line of sight to probability - A repeatable, scalable, subsidy free market.
ABB has been awarded contracts to provide electrical equipment and automation solutions for several core industries projects:
1) ABB will supply low voltage switchgear, drives, and motor control equipment for a natural gas processing plant in Abu Dhabi to ensure operational safety and reliability.
2) ABB successfully commissioned integrated electrical and automation systems for the largest cement production line in Ukraine, helping the plant improve energy efficiency and reduce emissions.
3) ABB has been awarded a contract to supply most of the electrical equipment for the Nui Phao polymetallic mine in Vietnam, including medium voltage switchgear and a control system.
The document summarizes a project by GE Digital Energy to implement a smart grid system in the remote community of Bella Coola, Canada to more efficiently manage their energy supply. The system used an optimization-based microgrid controller and energy storage to reduce the community's reliance on costly diesel generators. Initial tests estimated the system could lower diesel consumption by 200,000 liters and greenhouse gas emissions by 600 tons annually. The project demonstrated the potential of smart grid technologies to sustainably and cost-effectively power off-grid communities.
The document provides information about the "Utility Scale PV Yield Optimization Conference & Expo" taking place from November 30 to December 1, 2010 in San Jose, US. The conference aims to help attendees optimize their balance of system engineering to lower costs and boost output from utility-scale photovoltaic plants. It will feature over 25 expert speakers and sessions on topics like plant layout, component selection, wiring design, and performance monitoring to help maximize yield and profits. Attendees will also be able to network and find solutions from exhibitors to improve their system design and operations and maintenance strategies.
1) Explain your product and value proposition in 1-2 concise sentences. Focus on how it helps homeowners save on energy costs through personalized recommendations and optimizations.
2) Highlight your business model and potential revenue streams. Emphasize partnerships with solar installers to bundle your product and a subscription-based service.
3) Share customer validation so far. Note interest from homeowners in saving energy and solar companies as potential distribution partners.
4) Request the funding amount needed and how it will be used - to further develop the product and web service, and for customer acquisition like marketing.
The document discusses opportunities for smarter electric grids through analyzing, simplifying and implementing new technologies and business models. It highlights two key opportunities: renewable energy integration through improved forecasting and scheduling aided by energy storage; and demand response programs. Challenges in deploying smart grid technologies include defining business cases, regulatory policies, consumer acceptance and technical design issues.
This document discusses how nanotechnology can improve solar cell efficiency and reduce costs. It describes how incorporating nano-scale materials like quantum dots and silicon particles into solar photovoltaic cells allows them to absorb more wavelengths of light and reduces manufacturing complexity and expenses compared to traditional silicon solar cells. The document argues that nano-solar cells have advantages like higher efficiency even in cloudy conditions, more compact size, and lower costs that could make them viable future energy sources.
Solar Photovoltaic Module Industry, Solar PV Module Manufacturing Plant, Deta...Ajjay Kumar Gupta
The document provides information about solar photovoltaic module manufacturing in India. It discusses the growing demand for solar PV modules in India due to rising energy needs. The key factors driving demand include government policies promoting solar power, falling prices of solar modules, and a push for renewable sources to meet energy requirements and improve energy security. The document also examines the major players in India's solar PV module industry and provides projections for growth in solar capacity and manufacturing.
ForesightPower provides complete solar street lighting systems that combine advanced solar, LED lighting and control technologies with high quality street light poles and industry leading warranties and support.
In addition to solar street lighting systems, ForesightPower offers global installation and technical support services. This includes on-site training, site assessment, design simulation software, planning and permitting.
Efficient Solar Panel Installation SystemTechblast
This document provides guidance on efficiently installing a solar panel system. It discusses determining household power consumption, positioning panels for optimal sunlight exposure, using a grid-tie inverter to convert solar power to AC, sizing batteries for energy storage needs, and the installation process which involves setting up scaffolding, positioning roof anchors, attaching mounting frames, installing panels, and wiring the system together. Proper planning and installation are essential for an efficient solar power system.
Introduction
Solar technologies are broadly
characterized as either passive solar
or active solar depending on the way
they capture, convert and distribute
solar energy. Active solar techniques
include the use of photovoltaic
panels and solar thermal collectors to
harness the energy. Passive solar
techniques include orienting a
building to the Sun, selecting
materials with favorable thermal
mass or light dispersing properties,
and designing spaces that naturally
circulate air.
A solar roadway is a road surface that
generates electricity by solar power
photovoltaic cells. One current
proposal is for 12 ft x 12 ft (3.658 m x
3.658 m) panels including solar
Panels and LED signage, that can be
driven on. The concept involves
replacing highways, roads, parking
lots, driveways, and sidewalks with
such a system.
Working principle:
A solar roadway is a series of
structurally engineered solar panels
that are driven upon. The idea is to
replace current petroleum-based
asphalt roads, parking lots, and
driveways with solar road panels that
collect energy to be used by homes
and businesses, and ultimately to be
able to store excess energy in or
alongside the solar roadways. Thus
renewable energy replaces the need
for the current fossil fuels used for
the generation of electricity, whichcuts greenhouse gases and helps in
sustainable development.
Solar road construction:
Existing prototype panels consist
of three layer.
surface layer:
Electronics layer:
Base plate layer:
Advantages of Solar Roadway:
Renewability and life-span
Military and rescue assistance
Roadways already in place
Lighting up of roads
Initial Cost
Disadvantages of Solar Roadway:
Maintenance costs
Seasonal efficiency
Needs a town planning.
Conclusion:
For roughly the same cost of the
current systems (asphalt roads and
fossil fuel burning electricity
generation plants), the Solar
Roadways™ can be implemented. No
more Global Warming. No more
power outages (roaming or
otherwise). Safer driving conditions.
Far less pollution. A new secure
highway infrastructure that pays for
itself. A decentralized, self-healing,
secure power grid. No more
dependency on foreign oil.
REFERENCES:
www.solarroadways.com
www.wikipedia.com
www.solaripedia.com
www.ask.com
Activity-based intervention (ABI) embeds learning opportunities into daily child-initiated, routine, and planned activities. It capitalizes on children's interests and motivations to practice functional goals. ABI uses (1) child-directed activities that children initiate, (2) routine activities like eating and dressing, and (3) planned activities with adult guidance. Multiple learning opportunities are embedded and tailored to each child's developmental abilities and interests. Timely feedback is provided immediately after behaviors. The basis of ABI is embedding learning into fun activities for children. It differs from therapy by using activities rather than isolated skill-focused practice.
10 MW Solar PV power Plant - CPM & PERT, DesignVignesh Sekar
This document discusses the design of a 10 MW solar PV power plant consisting of 20 sections of 500 kW each. It includes details of the number of solar panels, inverters, junction boxes, and other infrastructure needed. A critical path method (CPM) network diagram shows the key activities in the project, including site assessment, design, procurement, mounting structure erection, panel erection, cabling, commissioning, and their durations and dependencies. The critical path is shown to be either 14 or 18 weeks depending on the pathway taken.
Photovoltaic Review -Fraunhofer Institute for Solar Energy System ISE Ashish Verma
It give the wide spectrum of Solar PV market, Technology share ,Installed capacity in various region ,material per Wp cost ,Inverter Cost and many more information about Solar PV industry .
How China become Solar PV manufacturing hub ?Ashish Verma
China became the largest solar PV manufacturing country due to growing global demand for solar equipment combined with domestic policies promoting solar manufacturing. By 2008, China had become the largest PV manufacturer globally due to economies of scale and lower production costs. Government policies included subsidies, low-interest loans, tax breaks and more to develop the domestic solar industry. This contributed to a global oversupply that drove down prices, though it also increased solar adoption worldwide.
This paper evaluates the diversification opportunities for Indian corporates keen on entering the solar PV manufacturing sector. This includes both crystalline silicon and thin film technologies.
The white paper is divided into three sections. The first section examines the global market dynamics of the solar PV sector and the opportunities and challenges for this sector. This section also provides an introduction to the prominent technologies used in solar PV. Some of the key questions answered in this section include
• What are the global solar PV installation trends?
• Which is the largest solar market in the world?
• What are the various solar PV technologies available?
• What are the key differences between crystalline silicon and thin film technologies?
Germany has been a leader in solar PV installation due to its feed-in tariff (FIT) program which guarantees prices for solar electricity. However, FIT programs are very expensive for utilities and customers. The U.S. solar market is growing but faces challenges from inconsistent regulations across different states and grid access issues. As solar panel prices continue to fall and natural resources vary, the U.S. has long-term potential to become the largest market, especially in sunny states like California that are approaching grid parity sooner.
Solar Power 2020: India On A National Solar MissionHIMADRI BANERJI
India can now make 700 megawatts of photovoltaic modules each year, according to the plan. The aim would be to make 20,000 megawatts of solar cells annually by 2017 and to establish expertise in solar thermal technologies.
Total costs would be 85,000 and 105,000 crores ($18.5 billion to $22.8 billion) over a 30-year period. To help finance the project, the plan foresees a significant tax on gasoline and diesel — fuels the government currently subsidizes.
Sungen is a PV solar panel manufacture with HQ located in Hong Kong and with 2 Manufacturing facilities in mainland china. We specialize in a-Si thin film technology with over 120 mw production per year and ramping up to 200mw in 2011 using Anwell automated production equipment.. we also manufacture the traditional Mono and Poly crystalline modules. Having offices in Asia, Australia, Europe and USA. (Tel. 1 650 492 5202)
This document summarizes the design and testing of a Mobile Solar Power (MSP) system intended to provide renewable energy for military applications. The MSP uses gallium arsenide solar cells fabricated through an Epitaxial Lift Off process into 30-cell panels with an efficiency around 20%. Modeling predicted the panels would generate over 10W at peak and 50Wh per day. Testing of a prototype showed it could recharge batteries while producing 30.1Wh when flat and more when tracking the sun. The MSP was found to charge batteries more effectively than an existing solar system and has potential to power military equipment if design issues are addressed.
The True Costs of Solar PV: IRENA's Cost AnalysisMichael Taylor
Solar PV costs have fallen dramatically since 2009 as solar PV module prices fell. However, wide variations in installed costs exist not only within a country, but between countries.
How large are these differences? What is driving the difference in costs between systems? How can we accelerate solar PV costs to "competitive" levels?
IRENA has started to collect the data to analyse these questions and others. Can you help us with data? What are the questions you need answering? Our work is ongoing and we welcome engagement by stakeholders.
This document is a project report submitted by four students for their Bachelor of Technology degree. It discusses the development of a 500W, 12V to 220V solar inverter. The report includes chapters on the components used in the inverter such as solar panels, microcontrollers, transformers and more. It also provides a literature review on previous related projects and discusses implementing and testing the inverter hardware.
Financial Feasibility of Solar Power Plant in IndiaAkash Jauhari
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Taj renewable energy conference brochurePrashant Rao
This document summarizes a two-day conference on renewable energy taking place in Mumbai, India on September 25-26, 2012. The conference will cover solar, wind, biomass and small hydro energy and bring together over 150 Indian companies and 50 EU companies. It aims to understand technology, policy, regulation, and financing in the renewable energy sector in India and opportunities for collaboration between India and Europe. Speakers will include government and industry leaders from India and Europe.
Exergy is a renewable energy consulting and implementation firm focused on solar photovoltaics and solar thermal technologies. It has expertise in grid-connected MW-scale solar farms, rooftop solar, and off-grid and hybrid solar-battery systems. Exergy has developed over 250MW of solar projects and provides end-to-end services from project conceptualization to commissioning and operations and maintenance. It has a team of solar experts with experience delivering projects for clients such as Tata Power, GAIL, and Airtel.
The document summarizes research on the market potential for building integrated photovoltaics (BIPV). Interviews with architects found that while PV use is growing, BIPV projects remain limited. Most architects have weak PV knowledge and rely on vendors for technical advice. Customers prioritize financial factors for PV, though some also consider environmental benefits. The market for BIPV roofing and facades is projected to grow significantly from 2009-2016 as costs decline and building codes encourage renewable energy.
The document outlines the vision, mission, objectives and business model for the proposed Malaysia Sustainable Energy Association. The vision is the promotion of renewable energy and energy efficiency adoption by industry players to meet national energy demand. The mission includes establishing a renewable energy ecosystem and assisting Malaysia's renewable energy and energy efficiency enterprises. The objectives support policies to enhance energy efficiency and renewable energy. The business model describes key activities, partnerships, resources, costs and revenue streams for the association.
Solarmer was founded in 2006 to commercialize organic photovoltaic cells and offer affordable portable energy to billions without electricity. It has 32 employees located in Los Angeles and Beijing, with 30 patents. Solarmer aims to produce low-cost, flexible solar modules with world-leading efficiencies and lifetimes through strategic partnerships across the value chain. Its roadmap involves scaling production from prototypes and 5-10 MW lines in 2013 to 100+ MW mass production lines by 2014-2015 to enable global market penetration.
Team Members: Pulkit Bohra, Pulkit Mathur, Mudit Jain & Tarun Gupta
This presentation was prepared by the above students of IIM Ranchi as a part of Mahindra war room competition. They were the North zone Champions in the competition.
The document introduces a new PV Module Rating system created by the Principal Solar Institute to provide an independent rating for comparing solar photovoltaic modules. The rating system evaluates modules based on 7 key characteristics that impact lifetime energy production, including efficiency, temperature coefficients, and power output at different irradiance levels. By combining these factors, the system calculates a single rating number for each module designed to help solar professionals select the optimal module for different applications and locations. The new rating aims to standardize module comparisons and bring more transparency to the rapidly growing solar industry.
First Solar is a growing company in the solar industry that analysts expect to benefit from increasing demand for renewable energy. The company has established itself as a global leader in photovoltaic solar solutions through its vertically integrated operations and thin film technology. While competition and reliance on subsidies present risks, opportunities exist for First Solar in expanding renewable energy requirements, investing in lowering costs, and developing new markets internationally through projects in regions like India. Analysts have generally favorable recommendations on First Solar given its leadership position and prospects for long term growth in the solar industry.
Siddhartha Sengupta has over 20 years of experience in solar photovoltaic industries. He currently works as the Head of Technical at CareyGlass Solar in Dublin, Ireland, where he is responsible for consulting, project management, system design reviews, and more. Prior to this role, he held senior management positions in Oman, India, and Singapore, leading technical divisions and managing solar photovoltaic projects, business development, and manufacturing operations. He has extensive international experience and expertise in solar photovoltaic system design, manufacturing, project implementation, and business development.
This document is a case study presented by Team Renegade on the innovation Nvis Technology. It begins with an introduction to Nvis Technologies, which provides technological solutions across various sectors. It then discusses primary research conducted on robotics and provides an industry overview of robotics and solar cookers. Various analyses are presented, including a CK Prahlad sandbox analysis, SWOT analyses, and suggestions for the way forward. The document cites several sources and concludes with a thank you and recommendation to consider telecommuting or relocating to reduce environmental impact.
The document is a case study presented by Team Renegade about Nvis Technology and its innovations in robotics, solar cookers, and LED lighting systems. It provides an introduction to Nvis Technology and its products and services. It then analyzes the innovations using CK Prahalad's sandbox model and performs SWOT analyses of the different technologies. Finally, it discusses the future potential and challenges for robotics, solar cookers, and LED lighting in India.
The document provides a business plan for a solar panel company in Pakistan called Green Co. The summary is:
[1] Green Co aims to provide cost-effective solar energy solutions to address Pakistan's electricity crisis and high utility bills by importing and selling solar panel systems.
[2] The systems will consist of solar panels, batteries, and chargers to power lights for 2-3 days without electricity. Additional products like LED lights and floodlights will also be offered.
[3] Green Co sees an opportunity in Pakistan's abundant sunlight and plans to market customized solar solutions to households, businesses for signage/billboards, and event planners to help overcome the country's energy shortage.
SSAEL Utility Solar pre bid and post bid consulting servicesSatya Kumar DV
The focus of SSAEL has been Clean Energy Projects & Consulting for over a decade. We have executed projects for World Bank, UNIDO, GVEP, kfW, IREDA and were Consultants to RERC (Rajasthan Electricity Regulatory Commission) for determination of tariff for Solar PV power projects during 2009-12.
Through our Key Value Added Consulting Services for Utility Solar Power Projects, we handle issues which contribute to hardly 5% of the cost but 25% of the execution effort.
• Pre bid Stage
– Solar Resource Assessment
– Basic Engineering and Project Cost Estimation
– Detailed Yield Estimation for various technology options
– Financial Analysis
– Risk Analysis
– Bidding Strategy
– Support for Competitive Bidding
• Post bid Stage
– Bankable Detailed Project Report (DPR)
– Financial Closure on non recourse basis (full or partial based on Client’s track record)
– Detailed Engineering and Procurement Support or Owner’s Engineer and Project Management Consultancy
– Project Consultancy for Permits, Licenses and Approvals (PLA) ranging from land to grid interconnection
Foundry marketing program plan linked inMickeySlide
(1) The document discusses a technology benchmark program at Foundry, Ltd. aimed at enhancing virtual integration across the semiconductor value chain.
(2) The strategy involves strengthening internal communication, engaging external partners like customers and competitors, and focusing on leading-edge initiatives globally.
(3) The goals are to understand technology specifications, exchange future roadmaps, and create end-to-end value across the industry through collaboration.
A solar PV project equipped with single-axis tracking equipment can generate around 34% more revenue over 25 years compared to a conventional fixed-tilt solar PV project through increased power generation. Tracking equipment increases the plant load factor from an average of 19% for fixed-tilt projects to around 25% for tracking projects. This additional generation of around 22 million kWh over 25 years provides opportunities to earn additional revenue from power sales and renewable energy certificates. While tracking equipment represents only a 12% increase in capital costs, the increased revenue potential justifies the additional expenditure with payback periods of 2-4 years.
Crystalsol Overview - Developing Next Generation Photovoltaics - Thomas Badeg...Burton Lee
Crystalsol is commercializing a new low-cost flexible photovoltaic technology based on CZTS with certified efficiencies of 5.9%. They have developed 5x5cm mini-modules and operate locations in Austria and Estonia, employing 12 scientists and engineers. Crystalsol is seeking €5 million in funding to build a pilot production line with 50-70MWp annual capacity starting in Q3 2013.
This document provides a project report on market research and scope of LED lighting for Ajanta Manufacturing Limited. It includes a declaration by the student submitting the report, Mansi Desai, and acknowledges the guidance received from her project guide and company guide. The report contains sections on the LED lighting industry overview covering history, growth, performance and market players. It also includes an overview of Ajanta Manufacturing Limited covering history, departments, products, and SWOT analysis.
Indosolar manufactures solar photovoltaic cells and modules. It has a manufacturing capacity of 160MW as of now and plans to increase capacity to 260MW by 2012. The company relies heavily on government subsidies for the solar power industry. It has a robust order backlog of Rs. 1,012 crores but faces risks from declining subsidies globally, technological obsolescence, and volatile input prices which could impact its profitability. Given its limited operating history and dependence on subsidies, the document recommends avoiding the company's IPO.
The document describes independent power providers (IPPs) in the UK and their role in renewable energy generation. It defines IPPs as power generation businesses that are independent of large incumbent suppliers but interdependent through electricity sales. IPPs face obstacles like incentive uncertainty and lack of long-term financing options. However, they provide benefits such as developing local generation assets, responding quickly to market changes, and creating new jobs. The presentation argues IPPs can help enable community schemes and act as agents of change in the UK electricity market.
Cambridge Consultants Innovation Day 2012: Mapping a bright futureCambridge Consultants
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1. INDIS Energy
Green Energy Solutions
professional people perspire partners
3/16/2011
persevere prepare policy process plan price
profit pursue performance
project potential
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promote progress preserve plural planet
Solar PV System - Technology, Risks,
Manufacturing, EPC, O&M, Investment
Coverage Report from IIES Workshop
29th Jan 2011
1
Co-chair:
Rahul Bagdia, Co-founder pManifold, Head Energy Practice, Rahul.Bagdia@pManifold.com
Akash, Founder & CEO INDIS, akash@indisIIc.com
3. 3
Solar PV Business Models – Workshop Objectives
and Stakeholders
3/16/2011
Objective of Workshop
• Educate participants about various consumer
Copyright (c) pManifold
– oriented solar products
• Cover the basics of Off – Grid Solar PV Plant
Design
• Discuss challenges & opportunities for cost
reduction in MW Size Solar Pv Plants
• Outline typical production processes for Solar
products – PV Modules & LED Lights
• Understand the financing issues & concerns
from a Banker’s perspective
3
4. Solar PV – Workshop Content and Speakers 4
Activities/Topic Organization Speakers Position
Topic 0: Solar PV Business Models pManifold Rahul Bagdia Cofounder
(Co-Chair)
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Topic 1: Consumer products – applications
and potential
Session 1: LED Lighting Solutions Intellizon Adithya R&D Head
Session 2: Other consumer products Solkar Ragunathan Founder
Copyright (c) pManifold
Topic 2: Off-Grid / Rooftop Solar Solutions for
Buildings
Session 1: PV System Design INDIS Energy Akash (Co-Chair) CEO
Session 2: Case Studies, Financials, ROI Solkar Ragunathan Founder
Topic 3: Grid connected (MW Size) Solar PV INDIS Energy Akash CEO
plants
Topic 4: Component Manufacturing and
Processes in Solar PV
Session 1: Module Manufacturing Solkar Ragunathan Founder
Session 2: LED Light Manufacturing Intellizon Adithya R&D Head
Topic 5: Financing Solar/Renewables - Bankers SBI Abhijit AGM
Perspective Chakravorty
4
5. Solar PV – Gap Analysis 5
4 key gaps for scale-up of Solar PV in India – High initial Capex; Limited knowledge,
awareness & skill base; Lack of accurate solar insolation data; Lack of Easy Financing;
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Elements Dimensions & Rationale
• CapEx very high compared to other sources like a DG High Cap Ex is limiting its
1 Initial Cap Ex adoption but trends in cost reduction encouraging
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• For solar products like LED lights, high initial cap ex limits its popularity
Skill & • Awareness and activities both in academia & industry is historically limited more
2 knowledge funding might be needed. More training to be imparted to have a large base of
base professional Solar PV installers
Solar • Accurate & reliable Solar insolation data is not easily & freely available
3 insolation • Local environmental data like pollution & dust also not available
Database
• Banks skeptical about Government payment guarantees at such a high rate
4 Financing • Lack of solar insolation data further increases uncertainty for the banks
• Limited skill & knowledge base both in the banking industry & the
Infrastructure companies
5
From Akash’s @ INDIS (akashslc@yahoo.com)
6. SOLAR PHOTOVOLTAIC (PV) - BUSINESS MODEL OPTIONS
& CRITICAL SUCCESS FACTORS (CSFS)
PV Business Value Chain
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Project Developer
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Source: KPMG, India
Stand Alone Applications
6
Excerpts from Rahul Bagdia’s @ pManifold presentation @ IIES 2011
7. MARKET SIZE AND GRID PARITY FOR SOLAR PV
India has a potential market
size comparable to other
countries leading solar PV
industry.
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India has low price of power
consumption per household
as compared to other
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countries.
India has low price of
power per watt at peak
hours compared to other
countries.
India has more capacity of
electricity generation
compared to other
countries.
77
7
Excerpts from Rahul Bagdia’s @ pManifold presentation @ IIES 2011
8. Risks Development Phase
WHAT RISK EXPOSURE
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8
Excerpts from Rahul Bagdia’s @ pManifold presentation @ IIES 2011
9. LED Lights – 56% OF RURAL INDIA BURNS BIOMASS, WAX CANDLES & 9
KEROSENE LAMPS, SPENDING RS. 2-5 PER DAY FOR LIGHTING
LED Lamps – Intelizon specs Customer’s perception – Need to
3/16/2011
• Dual Light Setting Demand
• High: 3-4 hours &
• Low: 7-10 hours • Farmers: In hut / House & in field
“I feel safe to go in fields at night , My hut /
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• 95% Efficient System with 100lm/W LEDs
House & family has 100% safe & bright light”
• Portable (400 gms)
• Black Smith: Used to illuminate his workplace
• Safety – No smoke, fire hazard, Electric Shocks
“I can work after sunsets & that has increased
• High Quality & reliability (1 yr warranty) by income”
• Variants
• Solar only, Solar + Grid charging
• Anytime Mobile backup charging Cost breakdown of LED Street Light
• Long Range > 250m focus light
Others LEDs
LED Street Lightning - Intelizon specs 8% 13%
•2 – 3 X cheaper than existing Solar based streetlight solutions Mechanical Battery
•1 LED & 3 LED variants 22% 15%
•1 LED
•Light – 5 lux (avg) over 25 Sq ft area from 10ft height
•3 LED Electronics Solar Panel
•Light – 23 lux (avg) over 25 sq ft area from 10th height 20% 22%
•Comparable to 40W tube light based streetlights over 400 sq ft
from a height of 19ft
9
Excerpts from Adithya’s @ Intellizon (adithya.nallanchakravarthula@intelizon.com)
10. LED Product Manufacturing/Assembly 10
Standards Developing Distribution channel is the Key
• Component standards – Specification based – Industrial / • Vendor Development / Establish Suppliers
Consumer • Local Suppliers for better logistics
• Outsourcing standards – Internal / ISO 9000 • Primary Suppliers
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• Product build standards • Secondary Suppliers – backup / alternate
• Build time & efficiency to maximize output • Procurement
• Internal / ISO 9000 / Six Sigma • Negotiation for pricing & payments
• Finished goods tracking for better servicing • Better lead – times
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• Customs & duties clearance
Certifications • Quality
• Process certification • Component level – SQC
• Product certification • Sub Assembly level
• BIS standards like IS 9000 • In – process quality
• MNRE, STQC • Testing
• IEC • Product level testing
Cost breakdown of LED Lamp
Others – 10% LEDs – 10%
Scope
Battery – 18%
Mechanical – 20%
• Huge market to tap – India &
other developing nations
Solar Panel - 12%
• Fill the gap – See where you
Electronics – 30% can fit based on your expertise
• Product Development
• Channel Development
10
Excerpts from Adithya’s @ Intellizon (adithya.nallanchakravarthula@intelizon.com)
11. Solar PV Off-Grid / Rooftop Solutions 11
System Design – Decision Points & Criteria Other Key Considerations
Parameters •Do not mix & match panels of different types or
manufacturers
• Site Details
•PV Panel I – V curve important
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• Location (Shading) & Orientation
•Temperature dependence (derating) is important
• Latitude
•Data on insolation should be accurate
• Solar Irradiation / Insolation
•System sizing done backwards: Load Sizing first, followed by
• Others (Dust, Soiling) inverter sizing, battery bank sizing, charge controller
• Temperature & Weather Patterns sizing, & PV array sizing
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• Wind, Cloudiness, Rain, Snow •Site Details
• Area available & Array Size desired •Utility Conditions (440V)
• Foundation required (type of roof, on ground) •Some things to know
• Government Incentives (<100 KW or >100 KW) •Rajasthan will produce less power in summer than
Himachal Pradesh (Temp effect)
• Utility Conditions (440V)
•Thin films have less temperature deration than M-Si or C-Si
Other Decisions to be made •Improper installation of PV modules might disqualify them
• Panel Technology (C-Si, M-Si, Thin Films) from the Warranty
• # of strings, # of panels in series & parallel (Array total •PV modules comprise ~70% of the total cost
voltage & current) •Plenty of opportunities for innovation in Modules, Racking
• Comparison of panels from different Panel (mounting), BOS, Processes
Manufacturers (Panel Specs)
• Derating factor (75% to 80%; could be as low as 60% -
70% in India due to dust) Cost of 1 KW Solar System
• Applicable sun hours available (4 hrs to 6 hrs is typical; • With Battery – Rs. 3.00 lakhs
safe to assume an avg. of 4.5 hrs) • Without Battery – Rs. 2 lakhs
• Array tilt angle & orientation • Power generated – 5KW hr a day
• Conductor sizing (current, safety); Voltage drop • No. of days in a year – 320 days (location dependent)
• Grounding • Total units generated per year – 1600 units
• Autonomy • Life of the solar module – 20 – 25 years
11
Excerpts from Akash’s @ INDIS (akashslc@yahoo.com) presentation @ IIES 2011
12. MW Size Solar PV Plants 12
Optimal Solar Project Current Issues & Challenges
Financing Profile & Team • Successful project finance depends on making the numbers work
for investors with a high degree of predictability
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• Project promoters need to arrange working capital & some personal
• A larger number of investors can investment (skin) to make the financing math work
make financing very • Inexperienced Developers
complicated • Due to the slower uptake & launching of projects, module vendors
might get more vertically integrated & get involved in financing
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• Developers prioritize on highest projects
PPA prices with creditworthy • Availability of engineering talent & an indigenous eco-system
power purchasers where the PPAs & What they are good for
speed to commercial operation
• Finance ability of large utility scale projects remains difficult
date is the fastest because of project size, PPA pricing, siting risks, land availability &
• Experienced Developer (or cost, transmission line (evacuation issues), grid stability, technology
risk & other factors
International tie ups) • Selling PPAs / Acquiring Land – rather than executing projects –
• Minimum project size might be a short-term trend
• Prices in PPA may be too low to be financeable – leads to
• Bankable Modules & EPC cancellation of the project
• Valid PPAs and site control for • The proposed feed in tariff (LCOE) for PV was Rs 17.91 per kWh
but with reverse bidding project developers had to submit a
the life of the PPA discounted tariff which they could offer. Bids for PV projects have
• Team approach that reduces been in the range of INR10.95/kWh to INR12.76/kWh with
average feed in tariff being INR12.1/kWh
transaction costs • Large projects need to actually come online & actually deliver
electricity (in California 7GW of PPAs signed but only 100-200
MW have come online)
12
Excerpts from Akash’s @ INDIS (akashslc@yahoo.com) presentation @ IIES 2011
13. MW Size Solar PV Plants – Cost Reduction Opportunities 13
Many incremental opportunities for cost reduction Balance of System (BOS) cost can be
are available across the value chain reduced by Rs. 10/W – Rs. 40/W
3/16/2011
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>50% Reduction in LCOE is possible using
new innovation
13
Excerpts from Akash’s @ INDIS (akashslc@yahoo.com) presentation @ IIES 2011
14. Solar PV Module Manufacturing 14
Module Production Processes
Throughput
Line Steps
•For typical dimensions of a module, possible to cure 3 modules per run
1) Cell Testing In the case the module manufacturer is not •A run is around 20 minutes, depends on curing time of the material
sure about the quality of the cells used
2) Cell Sorting Cells are sorted into performance groups •Single‐stack laminators usually designed for 10-20 MW production
capacity
3/16/2011
3) Stringing Cells are aligned and ribbon is deposited •Multi‐stacks laminators designed for bigger capacities, like 25 MW
straight lines
4) Busing Cells are connected by soldering string ribbons Lamination Area
•Effective lamination area is actually not an issue for laminators
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5) Lamination The EVA, the cells and the back sheet are •The module makers are free to choose the size of the laminator
bonded together •No trend from module makers to ask for very large area. Except in thin
film
6) Framing The laminated assembly is framed •where AMAT’s technology require equipment able to process 5.7m²
modules
7) Module Testing The final module is placed in a sun simulator in
order to test its performance Uptime
Process •Uptime an important parameter for the customer to choose their
Solar Cell
equipment
Repeats
Cell •A key parameter to have a good uptime is the cooling system for the
Module Testing & modules located after the lamination unit. Then, the lamination area
Sorting keeps the operating temperature
Few Points to Note
Module
Testing
Stringing • Amorphous cells – Obsolete , low efficiency 6-8% - low
cost – low life
• Mono/Multi crystalline – proven technology, long
life, high efficiency 18 – 20%, high price
Framing Busing
• Thin Film Cells – emerging technology , yet to prove
commercial , high efficiency 13- 16%, low price, long
life – yet to mature commercial scale
Lamination
• THE FUTURE WILL BE THIN FILMS WITH EFFICIENCY
18% AND PRICE USD 1 PER WATT BY 2013…
14
Excerpts from Ragunathtan’s @ Solkar (ragu@solkar.in) presentation @ IIES 2011
15. Solar PV Project Financing 15
From Banker’s Perspective of
Debt Solar PV Debt Proposal
• DPR with proven technology tie up
• PROJECT
3/16/2011
• PPA
• PROMOTER • Tariff, Discounts Rs.10.95 against Rs.17.91
• DEBT : EQUITY • NVVN or Gujrat Model
• VIALIBILITY • D : E -- 70:30 60 : 40 50 : 50
• TENOR, DSCR
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• DSCR – 1.75 1.50
• STATUTORY CLEARANCES • Tenor
• SECURITY • Technical Evaluation by Independent Technical
Consultant acceptable to the Bank
• EPC Contract : Fixed Time – Fixed Cost
Key Take Aways • Credentials of PV Module Suppliers
• Domestic Suppliers – Guarantees
• The Banks are not skeptical on PV funding. Several
proposals of PV projects with sizes between 20-25 • Health of DISCOMS
MW are being appraised by SBI. However, this being a • Capacity Utilization Factor, Radiation Data reliability
sunrise sector with no industry benchmark data, the
projects will undergo in depth due diligence by the • Evacuation set up
Banks • Off Grid Captive Units appraised on the basis of
• Unsure about health of Discoms & Govt backed overall cash accruals of the business entity
guarantees to buy electricity at Rs. 17/unit for 25 years
• Promoters should try to de-risk the business proposal
for the bankers
MID CORPORATE SBU OF SBI CATERS TO CLIENTS WITH CREDIT REQUIREMENT OF Rs.10 Cr AND ABOVE
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Excerpts from Abhijit’s @ SBI (abhijit.c@sbi.co.in) presentation @ IIES 2011
16. PMANIFOLD – GROWTH SOLUTIONS FOR EMERGING BUSINESSES 16
RESEARCH, ONLINE/OFFLINE STAKEHOLDER ENGAGEMENT & CONSULTING
pManifold Energy
Practice Team
3/16/2011
• Smart Distribution
• Energy Conservation
Copyright (c) pManifold
• Green Generation
Thank You
• Rahul.Bagdia@pManifold.com (+91 95610-94490)
www.pManifold.com
• Akash akash@indisIIc.com (+91 97181-12443)
www.indis-energy.com
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