The document discusses OSPF internal route summarization. It explains that OSPF summarization can only be configured on area border routers (ABRs) between areas, and that it involves using a route range to join multiple routes into fewer summary routes. Configuring summarization reduces routing table and link state database sizes. The example shows routing tables and link state databases before and after configuring a route range on an ABR to summarize two networks in an area into a single inter-area route.
Presentation about interior gateway routing protocol EIGRP which covers most of the concepts and features of the protocol.
Delivered by Dmitry Figol, CCIE R&S #53592.
EIGRP is a cisco proprietary, Advance distance vector, classless Interior gateway routing protocol.
Released in-1994.
It works on Network Layer of OSI Model.
It use the IP protocol no 88. (It doesn’t use TCP or UDP)
EIGRP AD – 90
Eigrp External routes AD – 170
EIGRP has a maximum hop-count of 224, though the default maximum hop-count is set to 100
CCNA Routing Fundamentals - EIGRP, OSPF and RIPsushmil123
- Basics of Routing
- Static Routing/Dynamic Routing
- Classification of Dynamic Routing
- Administrative Distance and Metric
- Link State Routing and Distance Vector Routing
- Routing Information Protocol (RIP)
- Enhanced Interior Gateway Routing Protocol (EIGRP)
- Open Shortest Path First (OSPF)
Presentation about interior gateway routing protocol EIGRP which covers most of the concepts and features of the protocol.
Delivered by Dmitry Figol, CCIE R&S #53592.
EIGRP is a cisco proprietary, Advance distance vector, classless Interior gateway routing protocol.
Released in-1994.
It works on Network Layer of OSI Model.
It use the IP protocol no 88. (It doesn’t use TCP or UDP)
EIGRP AD – 90
Eigrp External routes AD – 170
EIGRP has a maximum hop-count of 224, though the default maximum hop-count is set to 100
CCNA Routing Fundamentals - EIGRP, OSPF and RIPsushmil123
- Basics of Routing
- Static Routing/Dynamic Routing
- Classification of Dynamic Routing
- Administrative Distance and Metric
- Link State Routing and Distance Vector Routing
- Routing Information Protocol (RIP)
- Enhanced Interior Gateway Routing Protocol (EIGRP)
- Open Shortest Path First (OSPF)
Análisis crítico de escuelas históricas paradigmáticas, explicitando las relaciones entre las ideas sobre el conocimiento, las teorías sobre el aprendizaje y los proyectos arquitectónicos.
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This presentation, from a LinkedIn Talent Brand Workshop event, teaches you how to give your company a unique, genuine voice. You will learn tips and best practices for creating compelling content that allows your employer brand to shine – ultimately helping you attract the great talent you want.
We wish to check out how even with short or regular length fingernails, you may still decorate them to look perfect and beautiful. From simple styles to more innovative and different styles – we check out 21 Ideas For Nail Art Designs.http://goo.gl/2SL4J3
This study guide is intended to provide those pursuing the CCNA certification with a framework of what concepts need to be studied. This is not a comprehensive document containing all the secrets of the CCNA, nor is it a “braindump” of questions and answers.
I sincerely hope that this document provides some assistance and clarity in your studies.
This study guide is intended to provide those pursuing the CCNA certification with a framework of what concepts need to be studied. This is not a comprehensive document containing all the secrets of the CCNP nor is it a “braindump” of questions and answers.
I sincerely hope that this document provides some assistance and clarity in your studies.
Networking Tutorial Goes to Basic PPP Configuration3Anetwork com
Leading Cisco networking products distributor-3network.com
Here we will be going over Basic Configuration of PPP (Point-to-Point Protocol). It includes Basic Configuration tasks on a router, configuring OSPF routing protocol, and configuring PPP PAP and CHAP authentication
Multi-Area OSPF explained. Presentation by CoderGenie Technologies. CoderGenie Technologies provide best training on OpenStack, CCIE, CCIE SP, CCIE Security, CCIE DC
Sachpazis:Terzaghi Bearing Capacity Estimation in simple terms with Calculati...Dr.Costas Sachpazis
Terzaghi's soil bearing capacity theory, developed by Karl Terzaghi, is a fundamental principle in geotechnical engineering used to determine the bearing capacity of shallow foundations. This theory provides a method to calculate the ultimate bearing capacity of soil, which is the maximum load per unit area that the soil can support without undergoing shear failure. The Calculation HTML Code included.
Student information management system project report ii.pdfKamal Acharya
Our project explains about the student management. This project mainly explains the various actions related to student details. This project shows some ease in adding, editing and deleting the student details. It also provides a less time consuming process for viewing, adding, editing and deleting the marks of the students.
Saudi Arabia stands as a titan in the global energy landscape, renowned for its abundant oil and gas resources. It's the largest exporter of petroleum and holds some of the world's most significant reserves. Let's delve into the top 10 oil and gas projects shaping Saudi Arabia's energy future in 2024.
Hybrid optimization of pumped hydro system and solar- Engr. Abdul-Azeez.pdffxintegritypublishin
Advancements in technology unveil a myriad of electrical and electronic breakthroughs geared towards efficiently harnessing limited resources to meet human energy demands. The optimization of hybrid solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems plays a pivotal role in utilizing natural resources effectively. This initiative not only benefits humanity but also fosters environmental sustainability. The study investigated the design optimization of these hybrid systems, focusing on understanding solar radiation patterns, identifying geographical influences on solar radiation, formulating a mathematical model for system optimization, and determining the optimal configuration of PV panels and pumped hydro storage. Through a comparative analysis approach and eight weeks of data collection, the study addressed key research questions related to solar radiation patterns and optimal system design. The findings highlighted regions with heightened solar radiation levels, showcasing substantial potential for power generation and emphasizing the system's efficiency. Optimizing system design significantly boosted power generation, promoted renewable energy utilization, and enhanced energy storage capacity. The study underscored the benefits of optimizing hybrid solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems for sustainable energy usage. Optimizing the design of solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems as examined across diverse climatic conditions in a developing country, not only enhances power generation but also improves the integration of renewable energy sources and boosts energy storage capacities, particularly beneficial for less economically prosperous regions. Additionally, the study provides valuable insights for advancing energy research in economically viable areas. Recommendations included conducting site-specific assessments, utilizing advanced modeling tools, implementing regular maintenance protocols, and enhancing communication among system components.
Overview of the fundamental roles in Hydropower generation and the components involved in wider Electrical Engineering.
This paper presents the design and construction of hydroelectric dams from the hydrologist’s survey of the valley before construction, all aspects and involved disciplines, fluid dynamics, structural engineering, generation and mains frequency regulation to the very transmission of power through the network in the United Kingdom.
Author: Robbie Edward Sayers
Collaborators and co editors: Charlie Sims and Connor Healey.
(C) 2024 Robbie E. Sayers
2. OSPF does not support auto summarization, only manual. OSPF route
summarization can be of two types:
Internal route summarization;
External route summarization.
OSPF internal route summarization on Cisco routers. Unlike EIGRP where is
possible to summarize wherever, in OSPF you can do internal route
summarization only on ABR (between areas). The reason for this is that Link
State Database for all routers in a area must be the same for that area.
3. Using OSPF summarization give us significant advantages like:
Smaller routing tables;
Less LSA flooding throughout the network;
Less bandwidth, memory and CPU resources utilization on network links
and devices.
Summary routes are carried by type 3 LSA (called summary LSA). Normally
type 3 LSA (which runs between areas) is translated from type 1 LSA and
type 2 LSA (which run within area). When summarization is used type 3 LSA
joins multiple routes into fewer. So, instead of flooding all type 1 and 2 LSAs
(translated into type 3 LSA) between areas, only one or several summary
prefixes will be sent between areas carried in type 3 LSA.
By default summary LSA (type 3 LSA), which runs between areas, does not
contain summary routes, it contains information from type 1 LSA (Router
LSA) and type 2 LSA (Network LSA). So, they carry summarization
information after you configure summarization.
4. To configure OSPF summarization go to ABR under OSPF configuration mode
and use this command:
area area-id range address mask [advertise | not-advertise][cost cost]
10. We will configure ABR to summarize routes learned in Area 15, thus, a summary route will be sent
in Area 0 to HQ. In next output we can see routing table and summary LSAs in link state database
on HQ router before we configure summarization.
HQ#show ip route
... output ommited ...
Gateway of last resort is not set
10.0.0.0/30 is subnetted, 1 subnets
C 10.0.0.0 is directly connected, Serial0/0
O IA 192.168.0.0/24 [110/74] via 10.0.0.1, 00:14:17, Serial0/0
O IA 192.168.1.0/24 [110/74] via 10.0.0.1, 00:14:17, Serial0/0
HQ#
11. HQ#show ip ospf database
... output ommited ...
Summary Net Link States (Area 0)
Link ID ADV Router Age Seq# Checksum
192.168.0.0 192.168.1.1 1004 0x80000001 0x00233B
192.168.1.0 192.168.1.1 1004 0x80000001 0x001845
12. It’s time to configure summarization. Go to ABR under OSPF configuration and type:
ABR(config-router)#area 15 range 192.168.0.0 255.255.254.0
Range 192.168.0.0/23 contains both networks in Area 15. Let’s verify again routing
table and LSDB on HQ to see the results.
HQ#show ip route
... output ommited ...
Gateway of last resort is not set
10.0.0.0/30 is subnetted, 1 subnets
C 10.0.0.0 is directly connected, Serial0/0
O IA 192.168.0.0/23 [110/74] via 10.0.0.1, 00:04:32, Serial0/0
13. HQ#show ip ospf database
... output ommited ...
Summary Net Link States (Area 0)
Link ID ADV Router Age Seq# Checksum
192.168.0.0 192.168.1.1 310 0x80000003 0x001A43
It just works fine. Instead of two summary LSA in database, we have only one, the
same is with inter area OSPF routes.
If we have more than one ABR between backbone area and a non-backbone area, be
careful how you configure summarization to avoid suboptimal routing !