The Nigeria Comprehensive Food Security Vulnerability Assessment (CFSVA) was conducted in conjunction with the World Food Program (WFP) to increase understanding of the impact of food insecurity on lower income Nigerians in order to provide relevant information for policy makers on how to better address the root causes of hunger, malnutrition and vulnerability. This assessment relies on national household data from the Living Standards Measurement Study-Integrated Surveys on Agriculture (LSMS-ISA). Study highlights: • Most Nigerians work in the Agricultural sector • Livelihoods that are agriculture related are disproportionately poor • Poverty is more prevalent in rural areas, and also in the Northern regions (particularly the North West and North East) • There are major regional differences in educational attainment, in addition to large gender gaps in education in rural areas and the Northern regions • Women in poorer wealth quintiles are less likely to breastfeed • Very few Nigerians have access to proper refuse disposal facilities or to safe and hygienic sources of water • Poorer households have reduced access to proteins (particularly animal based proteins) • Huge divide exists between urban and rural households in terms of access to resources, living standards, and food security status