The document discusses topographic maps and their numbering systems in India. It provides details on: 1) Topographic maps represent relief and also show features like transportation and settlements. They contain information like names, scales, and features. 2) In India, the Survey of India prepares topographic maps. Maps are part of two series - the India and Adjacent Country Series and the International Map of the World Series. 3) The India and Adjacent Country Series covers India in grids numbered from 40-92 that are divided into degree, quadrant, and special sheets at various scales with contour intervals.

1. Scale and Numbering System
Topographical Maps
Mithun Ray
Department of Geography
Malda College (University of Gour Banga)
E-mail: mithunmc@maldacollege.ac.in

2. Topographic Map
Represents the relief of a
region projected on a
horizontal or plane surface. It
also shows features like roads,
railways, canals, water
courses, towns, villages and so
on.

3. Information on
Topographical Maps
 Name of State and District
 Location in terms of latitude and Longitude
 Scale
 Magnetic declination
 Conventional signs
 Date of issue and revision of toposheet.
 Type of landforms such as general slope, hills, valleys etc.
 Drainage – Important rivers and tributaries , drainage pattern
 Vegetation – Type of forest and type of trees and their distribution.
 Forest location and area covered
 Land Use cultivated land, waste land and other uses
 Means of irrigation – Canal, wells and tanks etc
 Communication – Railway, roadways, Bridges, cart track, Telephone lines,
Transmission lines, airport, seaport etc.
 Settlement – Urban centers, their sizes, rural settlement their pattern

4. Who prepares Topo Map in India ?
Survey of India, The National Survey and Mapping
Organization of the country under the Department of
Science & Technology, is the OLDEST SCIENTIFIC
DEPARTMENT OF THE GOVT. OF INDIA. It was set up in
1767 and has evolved rich traditions over the years. In its
assigned role as the nation's Principal Mapping Agency,
Survey of India bears a special responsibility to ensure that
the country's domain is explored and mapped suitably,
provide base maps for expeditious and integrated
development and ensure that all resources contribute with
their full measure to the progress, prosperity and security of
our country now and for generations to come.

5. Scale and Numbering System
Indian Topographical System
India and Adjacent Country Series
International Map of the World Series

6. India and Adjacent Country Series
4⁰N to 40⁰ N
44⁰E to 124⁰E
Total 136 segments
106 segments surveyed
52 grids (40-92) lie in
India
72,73, 78,79 lie in
West Bengal

7. NAME SCALE EXTENSION
CONTOUR
INTERVAL
REFERENCE
NUMBER
(EXAMPLE)
MILLION SHEET 1:10,00,000 4⁰ × 4⁰ 500 m 73
DEGREE SHEET 1:2,50,000 1⁰ × 1⁰ 100 m 73 P
QUADRANT
SHEET
1:1,00,000 30′ × 30′ 50 m 73P/SE
15′ SHEET 1:50,000 15′ × 15′ 20 m 73D/16
SPECIAL SHEET
1:25,000 7′ 30″ × 7′ 30″ 10 m 73 D/16/SE
1:25,000 5′ × 7′ 30″ 10 m 73 D/16/1
LAYOUT

8. MILLION SHEET
SCALE EXTENSION
CONTOUR
INTERVAL
REFERENCE
NUMBER
(EXAMPLE)
1:10,00,000 4⁰ × 4⁰ 500 m 73

9. DEGREE SHEET SCALE EXTENSION CONTOUR INTERVAL
REFERENCE NUMBER
(EXAMPLE)
1:2,50,000 1⁰ × 1⁰ 100 m 73 P

10. QUADRANT SHEET
NAME SCALE EXTENSION CONTOUR INTERVAL
REFERENCE
NUMBER (EXAMPLE)
QUADRANT SHEET 1:1,00,000 30′ × 30′ 50 m 73P/SE

11. 15′ SHEET
NAME SCALE EXTENSION CONTOUR INTERVAL
REFERENCE NUMBER
(EXAMPLE)
15′ SHEET 1:50,000 15′ × 15′ 20 m 73D/16

12. SPECIAL SHEET
NAME SCALE EXTENSION CONTOUR INTERVAL
REFERENCE NUMBER
(EXAMPLE)
SPECIAL SHEET
1:25,000 7′ 30″ × 7′ 30″ 10 m 73 D/16/SE
1:25,000 5′ × 7′ 30″ 10 m 73 D/16/1

13. India and Adjacent Country
Series
SOURCE: SARKAR, A. (2015): PRACTICAL GEOGRAPHY- A
SYSTEMATIC APPROACH

14. AREA
1:50,000 = 700 SQ KM
1:25,000 = 175 SQ KM
1⁰ = 111.2 km (69.1 mile)

15. International Map of the World Series
(Open Series)
Open Series Maps have been introduced as per the National Map Policy of
2005 by Survey of India. The OSM numbering system based on
International Map of the World (IMW) is used. The 'International Map of
the World (IMW)' was a project which started in 1913 to create a complete
map of the world as per internationally agreed and consistent specifications

16. NAME SCALE EXTENSION
CONTOUR
INTERVAL
REFERENCE
NUMBER
(EXAMPLE)
MILLION SHEET 1:10,00,000 6⁰ × 4⁰ 500 m D50
DEGREE SHEET 1:2,50,000 1⁰ × 1⁰ 100 m D50G
15′ SHEET 1:50,000 15′ × 15′ 20 m D50G10
QUADRANT
SHEET
1:25,000 7′30″ × 7′30″
D50G10SE
3′ SHEET 1:10,000 3′ × 3′ D50G10X
LAYOUT

17.  The first letter is either 'N' or 'S' to denote the
hemisphere (North/South) with respect to the
equator.
 A second letter denotes the 4°
latitude band with alphabet
increasing as latitude moves away
from equator. So sheets between
12°N to 8°N would be 'NC' and
between 4°S to 8°S would be 'SB'.
https://deeppradhan.heliohost.org/gis/map-numbering/imw.htm
 The next number denotes the 6°
longitude band with numbering starting
at 1 from 180°W (i.e. 1 between 180°W
and 174°W) going on to 60 (i.e. between
174°E-180°E). So sheet between 72° to
78°E and 12°N to 8°N will be 'NC-43'.
Similarly between 132°W to 126°W and
4°S to 8°S would be 'SB-9'. The longitude
band span increased to 12° from 60°
latitude and to 24° from 76° latitude due
to the decrease in physical span of
longitude band.

18.  Each 6°×4° rectangle is further subdivided into 24 squares of
1°×1°. Each square is indicated serially by an alphabet
increasing first towards east and then towards south,
starting with 'A'.
So for sheet between 74° to 75°E and 11°N to
10°N we get 'NC-43I'
For sheet between 128°W to 127°W and 6°S to
7°S we get 'SB-9Q'
https://deeppradhan.heliohost.org/gis/map-numbering/imw.htm

21. This Power Point Presentation (PPT) has been
prepared only to deliver the lecture. The
materials (Maps, Diagrams and Images) used in
this presentation have been collected and
compiled by the presenter from various
academic blogs, research papers, books etc.

22. THANK YOU