Newly Industrialising Countries (NICs) such as South Korea, Taiwan, and others in East and Southeast Asia industrialized in the 20th century by closely controlling industry development and encouraging exports. Profits from exports were reinvested domestically, stimulating economic growth through higher wages and domestic spending in a multiplier effect. South Korea in particular transformed from an agricultural to industrial economy through government plans, foreign aid and investment, and large family-run conglomerates focusing initially on heavy industry and chemicals before specializing in electronics exports.
Tiger economies, also known as newly industrializing countries (NICs), are located in East Asia where low-cost labor and some skills attract investors. The top 4 Tiger economies for growth are Hong Kong, Singapore, Taiwan, and South Korea. These countries encourage foreign investment and technology to create jobs and tax revenue, and their factories produce heavy industrial goods like steel and ships as well as light manufactured items like electronics, clothing, and footwear by taking advantage of cheap labor and access to shipping routes.
Newly Industrialised Countries 1233256504987187 1whiskeyhj
Newly industrialized countries (NICs) are less economically developed countries that have undergone rapid industrialization, experience high growth rates, and have international involvement. Examples include the Asian Tigers of Taiwan, Singapore, Hong Kong, and South Korea, which achieved high growth in the late 20th century. NICs have made progress through appropriate government intervention to improve markets, and by adopting an export-oriented economy. South Korea is a prime example of a NIC and tiger economy, achieving rapid growth in its manufacturing sector through exports of copied products at low prices. Asia provides advantages for industrial location, including cheap labor, transport access, growing domestic markets, and governments that encourage foreign investment.
Taiwan has experienced rapid economic growth since the 1960s, transitioning from an agricultural to an industrial and now knowledge-based economy. Starting in the 1960s, Taiwan focused on labor-intensive light industries like textiles and electronics. In the 1970s, it developed heavy industries such as steel and petrochemicals. By the 1980s, Taiwan was a major producer of consumer electronics and computers. Today, Taiwan has a highly diversified economy focused on high-tech industries like semiconductors, with major science parks supporting research and development.
NICs are countries that have experienced rapid industrialization and economic growth in recent decades. They are characterized by high investment, capital formation funded by domestic savings, a high propensity to export manufactured goods, and rapid productivity growth. Reasons for their growth include adopting imported technology, cheap labor, export-oriented policies, and government intervention to promote development. While NICs still rely on technology from advanced countries, some have become countries of origin for TNCs themselves and now invest in other developing and developed countries.
China’s and India’s Implications for the World EconomyOlivier Anonyme
This document discusses the economic implications of growth in China and India. It notes that China and India have contributed significantly to global GDP growth in recent years. Their large populations and surplus rural labor have kept wages low, benefiting manufacturers but putting downward pressure on wages in advanced economies. Rising Chinese demand for raw materials has increased prices for commodity exporters but also led to more volatile commodity prices globally. The integration of China and India into the world economy has substantially increased the global labor pool and reduced the global capital/labor ratio, placing further downward pressure on wages in capital-rich countries.
This document discusses emerging markets and their importance for international business. It defines advanced, developing, and emerging market economies and provides examples of countries in each category. Emerging markets are attractive as target markets due to a growing middle class with increasing demand, and as locations for low-cost manufacturing and sourcing of raw materials. These markets offer opportunities for revenue growth, cost reduction, and serving global customers. The document outlines some risks and challenges as well as strategies for doing business successfully in emerging economies.
Newly Industrialising Countries (NICs) such as South Korea, Taiwan, and others in East and Southeast Asia industrialized in the 20th century by closely controlling industry development and encouraging exports. Profits from exports were reinvested domestically, stimulating economic growth through higher wages and domestic spending in a multiplier effect. South Korea in particular transformed from an agricultural to industrial economy through government plans, foreign aid and investment, and large family-run conglomerates focusing initially on heavy industry and chemicals before specializing in electronics exports.
Tiger economies, also known as newly industrializing countries (NICs), are located in East Asia where low-cost labor and some skills attract investors. The top 4 Tiger economies for growth are Hong Kong, Singapore, Taiwan, and South Korea. These countries encourage foreign investment and technology to create jobs and tax revenue, and their factories produce heavy industrial goods like steel and ships as well as light manufactured items like electronics, clothing, and footwear by taking advantage of cheap labor and access to shipping routes.
Newly Industrialised Countries 1233256504987187 1whiskeyhj
Newly industrialized countries (NICs) are less economically developed countries that have undergone rapid industrialization, experience high growth rates, and have international involvement. Examples include the Asian Tigers of Taiwan, Singapore, Hong Kong, and South Korea, which achieved high growth in the late 20th century. NICs have made progress through appropriate government intervention to improve markets, and by adopting an export-oriented economy. South Korea is a prime example of a NIC and tiger economy, achieving rapid growth in its manufacturing sector through exports of copied products at low prices. Asia provides advantages for industrial location, including cheap labor, transport access, growing domestic markets, and governments that encourage foreign investment.
Taiwan has experienced rapid economic growth since the 1960s, transitioning from an agricultural to an industrial and now knowledge-based economy. Starting in the 1960s, Taiwan focused on labor-intensive light industries like textiles and electronics. In the 1970s, it developed heavy industries such as steel and petrochemicals. By the 1980s, Taiwan was a major producer of consumer electronics and computers. Today, Taiwan has a highly diversified economy focused on high-tech industries like semiconductors, with major science parks supporting research and development.
NICs are countries that have experienced rapid industrialization and economic growth in recent decades. They are characterized by high investment, capital formation funded by domestic savings, a high propensity to export manufactured goods, and rapid productivity growth. Reasons for their growth include adopting imported technology, cheap labor, export-oriented policies, and government intervention to promote development. While NICs still rely on technology from advanced countries, some have become countries of origin for TNCs themselves and now invest in other developing and developed countries.
China’s and India’s Implications for the World EconomyOlivier Anonyme
This document discusses the economic implications of growth in China and India. It notes that China and India have contributed significantly to global GDP growth in recent years. Their large populations and surplus rural labor have kept wages low, benefiting manufacturers but putting downward pressure on wages in advanced economies. Rising Chinese demand for raw materials has increased prices for commodity exporters but also led to more volatile commodity prices globally. The integration of China and India into the world economy has substantially increased the global labor pool and reduced the global capital/labor ratio, placing further downward pressure on wages in capital-rich countries.
This document discusses emerging markets and their importance for international business. It defines advanced, developing, and emerging market economies and provides examples of countries in each category. Emerging markets are attractive as target markets due to a growing middle class with increasing demand, and as locations for low-cost manufacturing and sourcing of raw materials. These markets offer opportunities for revenue growth, cost reduction, and serving global customers. The document outlines some risks and challenges as well as strategies for doing business successfully in emerging economies.
The document discusses India's adoption of liberalization, privatization, and globalization (LPG) policies in 1991 to address economic issues. It overviews the reasons for implementing LPG, which included excess consumption over revenue, public sector losses, and low foreign exchange reserves. Liberalization reduced regulations to increase private participation and investment. Privatization transferred public enterprises to private ownership. Globalization integrated India's economy internationally through foreign investment. The policies aimed to boost foreign investment and exchange while increasing competition, but could also increase unemployment and inequality.
The chapter discusses the uneven nature of economic development globally. It begins by defining economic development and explaining different theories for why some regions are more developed than others. The key aspects covered include the structure of economies, international trade, development models, and pathways to regional development. Globalization has meant that local and regional economic development is more influenced by external forces. Overall, the chapter examines the patterns and processes of economic development worldwide and how this development is spatially uneven across different regions.
Emerging markets like Brazil, China, India, Mexico, and Turkey are experiencing rapid economic growth and modernization. They have characteristics like a young population, growing middle class, good education, lower labor costs, and natural resources. Multinational enterprises from these emerging markets are becoming global challengers that seek market share from developed countries. Examples discussed are Cemex from Mexico in the cement industry, Embraer from Brazil in regional aircraft manufacturing, and Tata Steel from India in the steel industry. They were able to initially leverage advantages like lower costs and government support to become international players.
- South Korea transformed from a poor agricultural nation to one of the richest countries in the world through rapid industrialization and export-led growth.
- Under authoritarian leadership, the government implemented five-year plans focusing on key industries like textiles and shipbuilding and promoted exports through subsidies and incentives.
- Large family-run conglomerates (chaebols) like Samsung and Hyundai grew rapidly backed by government support, developing world-class industries and transforming South Korea into a global economic powerhouse with the 13th largest GDP.
The document provides an overview of China, including its history, economy, education system, and comparisons to other countries like Mexico, Canada, and the US. It discusses China's transition to an opening economy under Deng Xiaoping in 1978 and high economic growth rates since the 1990s. Key points of comparison include China's lower labor costs and huge labor force compared to other nations.
COOL Geography rostows model (jas, wei, alex)Tom McLean
Rostow's Stages of Development is a model proposing that countries pass through 5 stages as their economies grow: (1) traditional society dominated by subsistence agriculture; (2) preconditions for take-off as manufacturing develops and trade increases; (3) take-off period of extensive growth and industrialization; (4) drive to maturity where technology increases and economies diversify; and (5) high mass consumption where living standards are high. The model is widely cited but criticized for assuming all countries develop the same and not accounting for variations within countries.
South Korea has around 50 million people mostly living in dense urban areas. Its economy relies heavily on electronics, automotive, shipbuilding and petrochemical exports, driven by large conglomerates like Samsung and LG as well as the government's investment in education and technology. South Korean culture places great emphasis on education, hard work, collectivism and maintaining social harmony.
The document discusses globalization and its impact on the Indian economy. It notes that globalization has led to new trade and production patterns in India, with developing countries like India now able to produce finished goods rather than just exporting raw materials. It also discusses India's growing economy, with rising GDP, exports, FDI inflows, and per capita income. However, it notes India still faces challenges of unemployment and balancing economic growth with political demands.
The document discusses South Korea's five-year economic plans from 1962-1976. The plans were designed by General Park Chung Hee to make South Korea self-reliant after relying on US aid. The first plan (1962-1966) focused on strengthening the textile industry. The second plan (1967-1971) aimed to develop heavy industry. The third plan (1972-1976) was a heavy chemical industrialization plan. Through these plans and South Korea's emphasis on education, exports, and adapting to global conditions, South Korea transformed from a poor country dependent on US aid into the 11th largest economy in the world.
Industrialization plays a major role in the economic development of underdeveloped countries like India by providing goods, services, and infrastructure development. It raises income levels and drives structural changes in economies by shifting the share of sectors from agriculture to industry. Industrialization is also needed to meet demand for manufactured goods, overcome declining terms of trade for primary goods, and generate employment to absorb surplus labor in developing countries with large populations and rapid growth. However, industrialization also causes pollution that harms the environment, global climate, and living things through air, water, and soil contamination.
Growing Economic Power of Developing CountriesSundar B N
This document discusses the growing economic power of developing countries. It outlines characteristics of emerging economies such as high population growth, unemployment, and dependence on primary commodity exports. Challenges include market volatility, political instability, and corruption. Sources of economic power include natural resources, trade relationships, and large populations driving demand. Benefits of increased economic power include more jobs, exports, technology upgrades, and foreign investment. The conclusion states that human resources and government policies, rather than just capital, are driving faster growth in developing nations.
Industrialization in Bangladesh, Current status of industrialization of Bangl...Md. Ibne Nayeem Hasan
This document provides an overview of the history and development of industrialization in Bangladesh. It discusses how Bangladesh was initially very agriculturally based but lacked natural resources. The government played a key role in encouraging industrial development through various policies and investments. As a result, Bangladesh has developed numerous industries over the past few decades, especially in areas like garments, fertilizer, steel, and textiles. However, industrialization in Bangladesh still faces challenges from a lack of resources and infrastructure. The economy has become less dependent on agriculture and more focused on industry and manufacturing.
The Review of Industrial Policies in Bangladesh from 1971 - 2014Hasanul Banna
The Review of Industrial Policies in Bangladesh from 1971 - 2014.
The Main Points of this assignment is
The Review of Industrial Policies in Bangladesh from 1971 - 2014.
The Review of Industrial Policies in Bangladesh from 1971 - 2
Industrialization is an essential pre -requisite for rapid and sustained economic development and social progress.
Modernization and structural transformation of the economy and diversification of the economic base and standard of living of the people are the universally recognized dynamic benefits arising from industrial development.
Industrialization is thus pursued as an overriding development objective in its own right.
In the past, efforts towards industrialization in Bangladesh were made under changing economic paradigm and political economy regimes. Since independence in 1971, a total of ten industrial policies have been formulated and adopted for industrial development of Bangladesh.
Concept of Industrial Policy.
The policy contents of industrial policy are now getting wider and wider. While the traditional role of industrial policy.
to influence the allocation of resources to industry, i.e., policies that affect the infrastructure of industry in general, such as the provision of industrial sites, roads, ports, and electric power,
to regulate the internal organization of particular industries, such as industrial restructuring, consolidation of firms, and output restrictions, and
To influence the growth of small and medium scale enterprises (SMEs), etc. remains as before, industrial policies are now directed at achieving on-economic goals.
Main Theme of Industrial Policy In Bangladesh
It has been 43 years since Bangladesh’s independent. Since then the country has formulated ten industrial policies.
The country till now has gone through 10 policies:
Importance of Industrial Policies in Bangladesh
The key to poverty alleviation lies in the generation of productive employment through rapid economic growth and structural transformation of the economy away from agriculture and toward industry.
While the slow growth of the manufacturing sector may be attributed to factors like energy shortage, reduced availability of bank credit, poor inflow of foreign direct investment (FDI) labor unrest, and poor law and order conditions no less responsible are the inconsistent policies.
The market failure approach makes public policy to focus basically on supplying lacking inputs: physical capital, skills, technology, etc. While this is an important policy area, developing countries also tend to suffer from a lack of demand for such inputs.
Market failures are not always easy to locate except in the most obvious situations (namely, education, infrastructure, etc.) and, when they can be located, their seriousness may not be apparent.
There is what amounts to a “private sector failure”, when a firm’s goal
International business refers to firms operating in multiple countries, known as multinational corporations (MNCs). MNCs have subsidiaries in each country they operate in and must manage legal and cultural differences between countries. Increased international business and globalization have led to rising world trade. World trade benefits countries by increasing aggregate demand and economic growth, raising living standards through jobs and technology from foreign direct investment. Economies are also now closely aligned through shared international business cycles, so economic shocks can spread between countries.
South Korea emerged from poverty in the 1960s through heavy state intervention and export-oriented industrialization. The government implemented five-year plans focusing on industrial growth over food self-sufficiency. This included incentivizing exports and selectively protecting infant industries. As a result, South Korean exports skyrocketed from $33 million to $3.3 billion between 1961-1973, transforming the economy. The government also directed credit and resources to large conglomerates (chaebols), some of which have become highly successful global multinationals like Samsung Electronics. Through continued state guidance and international competition, South Korea developed into a modern industrial powerhouse within one generation.
Impact of globalization on small scale industries inAafaq Malik
The document discusses the impact of globalization on small scale industries in India. It notes that globalization and liberalization have led to increased competition for small industries from large foreign companies. This competition has negatively impacted small industries in India, with many being forced to close down due to cheaper imports. However, small industries remain important for India's economic growth by providing employment opportunities and equitable income distribution across the country. The document analyzes growth trends in small industries before and after liberalization to understand the effects of globalization.
The document discusses the rise of China and India as global economic powers. It provides details on the strong economic growth and achievements in China over three decades, fueled by factors like high productivity in manufacturing, export-led growth, and infrastructure development. For India, it outlines the recent growth story and highlights sectors like agriculture, industry and strong services sector. It then discusses problems faced in the economic growth of both countries, like inequality and pollution in China and inflation, debt and infrastructure issues in India. Finally, it explores the implications of the rise of China and India, including the transition to a multipolar world and impacts on global trade, resources and knowledge.
Rostow's modernization model outlines 5 stages of economic growth:
1) Traditional society focused on subsistence and barter
2) Transitional society with specialization, surpluses, and infrastructure
3) Take-off stage with industrialization, growing investment, and regional growth
4) Drive to maturity with diversification, innovation, and less reliance on imports
5) High mass consumption oriented toward consumer goods and services
The model is criticized for being too mechanistic, based only on developed countries, and assuming all countries must adopt American-style mass consumption as the endpoint of development.
Thailand has experienced rapid industrialization which has led to traffic jams and pollution as more hi-tech and low-tech factories are built. This industrialization has also increased the gap between rich and poor in Thailand. The document examines Thailand as a case study of the effects that can come with a country becoming newly industrialized.
China has experienced rapid economic growth in recent decades, with annual growth rates around 6-7%. This is due to economic reforms and opening up to foreign trade and investment, including joining the WTO. However, questions remain about whether China's high growth can be sustained long-term given potential weaknesses such as demographic changes, environmental problems, and overreliance on exports and infrastructure investment. A thorough analysis of China's strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats would be needed to assess sustainability.
The document discusses India's adoption of liberalization, privatization, and globalization (LPG) policies in 1991 to address economic issues. It overviews the reasons for implementing LPG, which included excess consumption over revenue, public sector losses, and low foreign exchange reserves. Liberalization reduced regulations to increase private participation and investment. Privatization transferred public enterprises to private ownership. Globalization integrated India's economy internationally through foreign investment. The policies aimed to boost foreign investment and exchange while increasing competition, but could also increase unemployment and inequality.
The chapter discusses the uneven nature of economic development globally. It begins by defining economic development and explaining different theories for why some regions are more developed than others. The key aspects covered include the structure of economies, international trade, development models, and pathways to regional development. Globalization has meant that local and regional economic development is more influenced by external forces. Overall, the chapter examines the patterns and processes of economic development worldwide and how this development is spatially uneven across different regions.
Emerging markets like Brazil, China, India, Mexico, and Turkey are experiencing rapid economic growth and modernization. They have characteristics like a young population, growing middle class, good education, lower labor costs, and natural resources. Multinational enterprises from these emerging markets are becoming global challengers that seek market share from developed countries. Examples discussed are Cemex from Mexico in the cement industry, Embraer from Brazil in regional aircraft manufacturing, and Tata Steel from India in the steel industry. They were able to initially leverage advantages like lower costs and government support to become international players.
- South Korea transformed from a poor agricultural nation to one of the richest countries in the world through rapid industrialization and export-led growth.
- Under authoritarian leadership, the government implemented five-year plans focusing on key industries like textiles and shipbuilding and promoted exports through subsidies and incentives.
- Large family-run conglomerates (chaebols) like Samsung and Hyundai grew rapidly backed by government support, developing world-class industries and transforming South Korea into a global economic powerhouse with the 13th largest GDP.
The document provides an overview of China, including its history, economy, education system, and comparisons to other countries like Mexico, Canada, and the US. It discusses China's transition to an opening economy under Deng Xiaoping in 1978 and high economic growth rates since the 1990s. Key points of comparison include China's lower labor costs and huge labor force compared to other nations.
COOL Geography rostows model (jas, wei, alex)Tom McLean
Rostow's Stages of Development is a model proposing that countries pass through 5 stages as their economies grow: (1) traditional society dominated by subsistence agriculture; (2) preconditions for take-off as manufacturing develops and trade increases; (3) take-off period of extensive growth and industrialization; (4) drive to maturity where technology increases and economies diversify; and (5) high mass consumption where living standards are high. The model is widely cited but criticized for assuming all countries develop the same and not accounting for variations within countries.
South Korea has around 50 million people mostly living in dense urban areas. Its economy relies heavily on electronics, automotive, shipbuilding and petrochemical exports, driven by large conglomerates like Samsung and LG as well as the government's investment in education and technology. South Korean culture places great emphasis on education, hard work, collectivism and maintaining social harmony.
The document discusses globalization and its impact on the Indian economy. It notes that globalization has led to new trade and production patterns in India, with developing countries like India now able to produce finished goods rather than just exporting raw materials. It also discusses India's growing economy, with rising GDP, exports, FDI inflows, and per capita income. However, it notes India still faces challenges of unemployment and balancing economic growth with political demands.
The document discusses South Korea's five-year economic plans from 1962-1976. The plans were designed by General Park Chung Hee to make South Korea self-reliant after relying on US aid. The first plan (1962-1966) focused on strengthening the textile industry. The second plan (1967-1971) aimed to develop heavy industry. The third plan (1972-1976) was a heavy chemical industrialization plan. Through these plans and South Korea's emphasis on education, exports, and adapting to global conditions, South Korea transformed from a poor country dependent on US aid into the 11th largest economy in the world.
Industrialization plays a major role in the economic development of underdeveloped countries like India by providing goods, services, and infrastructure development. It raises income levels and drives structural changes in economies by shifting the share of sectors from agriculture to industry. Industrialization is also needed to meet demand for manufactured goods, overcome declining terms of trade for primary goods, and generate employment to absorb surplus labor in developing countries with large populations and rapid growth. However, industrialization also causes pollution that harms the environment, global climate, and living things through air, water, and soil contamination.
Growing Economic Power of Developing CountriesSundar B N
This document discusses the growing economic power of developing countries. It outlines characteristics of emerging economies such as high population growth, unemployment, and dependence on primary commodity exports. Challenges include market volatility, political instability, and corruption. Sources of economic power include natural resources, trade relationships, and large populations driving demand. Benefits of increased economic power include more jobs, exports, technology upgrades, and foreign investment. The conclusion states that human resources and government policies, rather than just capital, are driving faster growth in developing nations.
Industrialization in Bangladesh, Current status of industrialization of Bangl...Md. Ibne Nayeem Hasan
This document provides an overview of the history and development of industrialization in Bangladesh. It discusses how Bangladesh was initially very agriculturally based but lacked natural resources. The government played a key role in encouraging industrial development through various policies and investments. As a result, Bangladesh has developed numerous industries over the past few decades, especially in areas like garments, fertilizer, steel, and textiles. However, industrialization in Bangladesh still faces challenges from a lack of resources and infrastructure. The economy has become less dependent on agriculture and more focused on industry and manufacturing.
The Review of Industrial Policies in Bangladesh from 1971 - 2014Hasanul Banna
The Review of Industrial Policies in Bangladesh from 1971 - 2014.
The Main Points of this assignment is
The Review of Industrial Policies in Bangladesh from 1971 - 2014.
The Review of Industrial Policies in Bangladesh from 1971 - 2
Industrialization is an essential pre -requisite for rapid and sustained economic development and social progress.
Modernization and structural transformation of the economy and diversification of the economic base and standard of living of the people are the universally recognized dynamic benefits arising from industrial development.
Industrialization is thus pursued as an overriding development objective in its own right.
In the past, efforts towards industrialization in Bangladesh were made under changing economic paradigm and political economy regimes. Since independence in 1971, a total of ten industrial policies have been formulated and adopted for industrial development of Bangladesh.
Concept of Industrial Policy.
The policy contents of industrial policy are now getting wider and wider. While the traditional role of industrial policy.
to influence the allocation of resources to industry, i.e., policies that affect the infrastructure of industry in general, such as the provision of industrial sites, roads, ports, and electric power,
to regulate the internal organization of particular industries, such as industrial restructuring, consolidation of firms, and output restrictions, and
To influence the growth of small and medium scale enterprises (SMEs), etc. remains as before, industrial policies are now directed at achieving on-economic goals.
Main Theme of Industrial Policy In Bangladesh
It has been 43 years since Bangladesh’s independent. Since then the country has formulated ten industrial policies.
The country till now has gone through 10 policies:
Importance of Industrial Policies in Bangladesh
The key to poverty alleviation lies in the generation of productive employment through rapid economic growth and structural transformation of the economy away from agriculture and toward industry.
While the slow growth of the manufacturing sector may be attributed to factors like energy shortage, reduced availability of bank credit, poor inflow of foreign direct investment (FDI) labor unrest, and poor law and order conditions no less responsible are the inconsistent policies.
The market failure approach makes public policy to focus basically on supplying lacking inputs: physical capital, skills, technology, etc. While this is an important policy area, developing countries also tend to suffer from a lack of demand for such inputs.
Market failures are not always easy to locate except in the most obvious situations (namely, education, infrastructure, etc.) and, when they can be located, their seriousness may not be apparent.
There is what amounts to a “private sector failure”, when a firm’s goal
International business refers to firms operating in multiple countries, known as multinational corporations (MNCs). MNCs have subsidiaries in each country they operate in and must manage legal and cultural differences between countries. Increased international business and globalization have led to rising world trade. World trade benefits countries by increasing aggregate demand and economic growth, raising living standards through jobs and technology from foreign direct investment. Economies are also now closely aligned through shared international business cycles, so economic shocks can spread between countries.
South Korea emerged from poverty in the 1960s through heavy state intervention and export-oriented industrialization. The government implemented five-year plans focusing on industrial growth over food self-sufficiency. This included incentivizing exports and selectively protecting infant industries. As a result, South Korean exports skyrocketed from $33 million to $3.3 billion between 1961-1973, transforming the economy. The government also directed credit and resources to large conglomerates (chaebols), some of which have become highly successful global multinationals like Samsung Electronics. Through continued state guidance and international competition, South Korea developed into a modern industrial powerhouse within one generation.
Impact of globalization on small scale industries inAafaq Malik
The document discusses the impact of globalization on small scale industries in India. It notes that globalization and liberalization have led to increased competition for small industries from large foreign companies. This competition has negatively impacted small industries in India, with many being forced to close down due to cheaper imports. However, small industries remain important for India's economic growth by providing employment opportunities and equitable income distribution across the country. The document analyzes growth trends in small industries before and after liberalization to understand the effects of globalization.
The document discusses the rise of China and India as global economic powers. It provides details on the strong economic growth and achievements in China over three decades, fueled by factors like high productivity in manufacturing, export-led growth, and infrastructure development. For India, it outlines the recent growth story and highlights sectors like agriculture, industry and strong services sector. It then discusses problems faced in the economic growth of both countries, like inequality and pollution in China and inflation, debt and infrastructure issues in India. Finally, it explores the implications of the rise of China and India, including the transition to a multipolar world and impacts on global trade, resources and knowledge.
Rostow's modernization model outlines 5 stages of economic growth:
1) Traditional society focused on subsistence and barter
2) Transitional society with specialization, surpluses, and infrastructure
3) Take-off stage with industrialization, growing investment, and regional growth
4) Drive to maturity with diversification, innovation, and less reliance on imports
5) High mass consumption oriented toward consumer goods and services
The model is criticized for being too mechanistic, based only on developed countries, and assuming all countries must adopt American-style mass consumption as the endpoint of development.
Thailand has experienced rapid industrialization which has led to traffic jams and pollution as more hi-tech and low-tech factories are built. This industrialization has also increased the gap between rich and poor in Thailand. The document examines Thailand as a case study of the effects that can come with a country becoming newly industrialized.
China has experienced rapid economic growth in recent decades, with annual growth rates around 6-7%. This is due to economic reforms and opening up to foreign trade and investment, including joining the WTO. However, questions remain about whether China's high growth can be sustained long-term given potential weaknesses such as demographic changes, environmental problems, and overreliance on exports and infrastructure investment. A thorough analysis of China's strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats would be needed to assess sustainability.
South Korea has become one of the fastest growing economies in the world due to several key factors. It has a large population of over 50 million people and is led from its capital city of Seoul. Its top industries are dominated by four large conglomerates that have helped drive South Korea's economic growth and development. South Korea has transformed from one of the poorest countries to a major exporter supplying goods to many more economically developed countries around the world.
This document provides guidance on preparing for a mock exam on sustainable development in Rio de Janeiro. It includes sample exam questions and guidance on how to structure responses. The questions ask students to choose the best option to address rapid urban growth in Rio de Janeiro, justify their choice, and consider alternative perspectives. The document emphasizes providing detailed justifications, explaining both benefits and disadvantages of options, and balancing different stakeholder views. Keywords and sample sentence starters are provided to help students write high-scoring responses.
The document provides information and instructions for a mock exam on how multinational companies affect development. It defines key terms like MNC, NIC, MEDC, and LEDC. Students are asked to research MNCs and NICs, explaining what they are, why MNCs locate in NICs, and three advantages and disadvantages. Examples given of why MNCs set up factories in NICs and LEDCs include low wages, less strict laws, cheaper costs and production, and tax breaks. Students should also consider the advantages and disadvantages of this for NICs. Sample exam questions are provided to describe why an MNC like Adidas would locate in India and why an MNC like Nike
The document discusses the Southeast Asian Economic Outlook (SAEO) 2011/12 report. It provides an overview of the regional economic outlook for ASEAN countries, China, and India from 2011 to 2016. It notes that growth will remain solid but moderate in the near term due to global economic uncertainties. It emphasizes that strengthening domestic demand and structural policies will be important to coping with external risks. The report also examines medium-term development plans across Southeast Asia and focuses on key policy areas like infrastructure, human capital development, and healthcare reform.
The ten members of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) – along with China and India – are shifting the centre of gravity of the global energy system towards Asia.
Energy demand in Southeast Asia has expanded by two-and- a-half times since 1990, its rate of growth among the fastest in the world. Economic and demographic trends point to further growth, lifting the region’s energy use per capita from just half of the global average today. But how will Southeast Asia’s fuel mix evolve? And what will the region’s supply and demand balance mean for oil, gas and coal trade?
The International Energy Agency, in co-operation with the Economic Research Institute for ASEAN and East Asia, has studied these issues in consultation with ASEAN member governments and leading commentators, industry representatives and international experts. This special report, in the World Energy Outlook series, presents the findings.
An overview of the key stats, and the issues behind the soon to expire protocol. There are more detailed discussions on the blog and for you to read about as part of you own research. You should also form an opinion on the effectiveness of the protocol and subsequent COP's especially the COP15 at Copenhagan and the associated Copenhagan Accord
The document discusses the four Asian Tigers - Hong Kong, Singapore, South Korea, and Taiwan - which experienced rapid economic growth since the 1970s due to shared Confucian cultural values and stable political environments. It provides details on the industrialization and export-driven growth of Hong Kong and Singapore, the government initiatives and conglomerates that boosted South Korea's economy, and Taiwan's economic reforms with US aid.
This document provides information about sustainable tourism, including:
- Instructions to label photographs of human and physical attractions and explain their tourism appeal.
- A sustainability triangle diagram to plot examples of tourism.
- Brief case studies of different places experiencing different impacts and approaches to tourism.
- Questions about trends in tourism from 1960-2010 and why tourism has increased and is important for countries.
- A task to research and report on tourism in St Lucia, including human and physical attractions, economic data, examples of eco and mass tourism, and sustainability.
The document provides information about preparing for an SDME exam on tourism in St. Lucia, including assigning a case study on St. Lucia that covers the location, benefits and problems of tourism there, and how it has been managed. It also discusses the sustainability of tourism in St. Lucia and different options under consideration for developing tourism on the undeveloped eastern side of the island.
This document discusses different methods for taper turning on a lathe. The main methods described are using a broad nose form tool, setting over the tailstock center, swiveling the compound rest, using a taper turning attachment, and combining longitudinal and cross feeds. Each method has advantages and limitations for producing tapers of different lengths and angles. The taper turning attachment method allows for accurate taper turning of long workpieces and easy internal taper turning.
The document discusses issues related to colonization and industrialization in Southeast Asia and the Pacific region. It covers two main topics: 1) Aboriginal land claims in Australia, where indigenous peoples lost their ancestral lands to European colonists but have since regained some territories through lawsuits; and 2) the effects of industrialization, such as rural folks moving to cities for work, leading to overcrowding and pollution in urban areas, while also bringing economic benefits. The document also includes a case study on global environmental change and efforts to address climate change and ozone depletion through international agreements.
Situational Judgement Test - Preparation Guide Part #1JobTestPrep
JobTestPrep's introduction to Situational Judgement Tests (SJTs). This is the first tutorial in a series of three, each covering a different aspect to help you pass Situational Judgement Tests. The entire series is found in our online SJT practice packs. Free SJT test online : http://www.jobtestprep.co.uk/practice_situational_judgement
This is my report in International Cuisine Lecture. The content is about the food of the South East Asian countries. I hope it can help :)
--cddlr <3
Newly industrialized countries (NICs) are nations that have experienced rapid industrialization and economic growth in recent decades. Key characteristics of NICs include rapid productivity growth, quick industrialization, high levels of investment, and a focus on exporting manufactured goods. Countries like South Korea, Taiwan, Singapore, and others grew their economies through policies that encouraged exports, re-investing profits domestically. Low wages and access to foreign technology also contributed to NIC growth. However, many still depend on imports from more developed countries for machinery and face constraints as wages rise.
Lesson 4 How And Why Is Manufacturing In Different Countries Changingtudorgeog
The document discusses the rising industrial growth in China and reasons for its development as a new economic giant. It explains that since 1979, the Chinese government has allowed foreign investment and established special economic zones to attract manufacturing. Transnational corporations are drawn to China due to its huge pool of cheap labor, potential large market, and tax incentives. While offering opportunities, expanding industrialization has also created environmental and social challenges for China.
development in world economy in past 30yearsElvin Hasanov
The document discusses developments in the world economy over the past 30 years. It highlights two key dynamics that have helped economic growth: 1) development of human capital and institutions, and 2) structural economic transformation through industrialization and new industries. Globalization and trade integration increased dramatically over this period, supported by advances in technology, transportation, and communication. Many developing countries experienced rapid economic growth and rising incomes. Countries like China, India, and others in East Asia helped drive global economic performance through industrialization and integration into global supply chains.
ECON251 INDUSTRY AND TRADE IN ASIA Tutorial 3 [Topic .docxmadlynplamondon
ECON251
INDUSTRY AND TRADE IN ASIA
Tutorial 3 [Topic 6 -8]
SECTION A : DATA ANALYSIS AND CASE STUDY
Question 1 The small successful Economies - Singapore and Hong Kong – A tale of 2 cities
Background 1: The economics model
The Solows Economic Growth model
Y = A LSL KSK
Where
• Y is output or GDP;
• A is Total factor Productivity (TFP);
TFP in general refers to technical improvements that allow for GDP growth without any corresponding
increase in labour or capital.
This could be through any type of improvements in underlying technology, such as an improvement in
production methodology (Howitt and Aghion, 1998) or a decrease in per unit costs (Harberger, 1998).
TFP can also be accrued due to external factors as externalities, economies of scale, and investment-
specific technical change etc
• K and L are capital and labour inputs respectively; and
• SK and SL are the income shares of capital and labour respectively
Background 2 : Brief Introduction to the two jewels of East Asia
Hong Kong and Singapore are similar in many ways .
To begin with the similarities: In the prewar era, both economies were British colonies that served as
entrepot trading ports, with little domestic manufacturing activity. Hong Kong processed trade
between Mainland China and the rest of the world, and Singapore served as a conduit for world
trade with Malaya and Indonesia.
In the postwar era, however, both economies developed large export-dependent domestic
manufacturing sectors. Both economies have passed through a similar set of industries, moving from
textiles, to clothing, to plastics, to electronics, and then, in the 1980s, gradually moving from
manufacturing into banking and financial services. Gross domestic product (GDP) per capita in the
two economies was quite close in 1960, and they have subsequently grown at the same remarkable
rate.
From the political economy perspective, one can note that both economies inherited a fairly
efficient and rational administrative structure. The postwar population of both was composed
primarily of immigrant Chinese from Southern China. Both economies are really small cities, with no
significant agricultural interests, economic or political. Along many dimensions of interest to growth
theorists, the two economies are, however, conveniently dissimilar.
The role of government
While the Hong Kong government has emphasized a policy of laissez faire and state intervention is
primarily on infrastructure development , the Singaporean government has, since the early 1960s,
pursued the accumulation of physical capital via forced national saving and the solicitation of a
veritable deluge of foreign investment.
[Adapted from Young, Alywn, “A Tale of Two Cities: Factor Accumulation and Technical Change in Hong Kong
and Singapore, January 1992 ]
Abstract 1: Grappling with productivity challenge over the decades, April 24, 2016, ...
1. The document discusses doing business in China, highlighting the importance of the large Chinese market and opportunities for cost cuts and preferential policies for foreign investment.
2. China has become the world's second largest economy and continues to experience high GDP growth, attracting large amounts of foreign direct investment.
3. While China's economic growth has made it a major global economic power, there remain large wealth disparities between urban and rural areas, and economic and policy challenges if growth is not sustained.
1. The document discusses doing business in China, highlighting the importance of the large Chinese market and opportunities for cost cuts and preferential policies for foreign investment.
2. China has become the world's second largest economy and continues to experience high GDP growth, making it an attractive market for international business.
3. While China welcomes foreign investment, doing business there requires understanding Chinese culture, business practices, and patience due to differences from other markets like Japan.
The four Asian Tigers, Asian Dragons and Asian Miracles are various terms used to refer to the highly developed economies of
Hong Kong
South Korea
Singapore
Taiwan
Towards Pragmatic Economic Policies: Economic Transformation and Industrializ...Dr. Amarjeet Singh
Whilst literature has many monetary and economic policies that were enacted before and after the dawn of the New Dispensation in Zimbabwe the country still faces a downward trend in terms of economic recovery. This study reviews the various policies put in place by the government and their impact on socio-economic development of Zimbabwe. A review of Zimbabwe’s economic history shows that the country dropped from being one of the best economies in Sub-Saharan Africa and now ailing and characterised by hyperinflation, agricultural challenges, corruption, very high tax regime, huge domestic and foreign debts, increase in consumer prices and being a chief net importer of most goods or services. The study was underpinned by a case study survey from Singapore’s revival with both qualitative and quantitative instruments used. The study found out that even though the land reform had an impact on economic performance, corruption, party-power politics and absence of an economic institute eroded any necessary contribution to economic transformation and industrialization in Zimbabwe. The study also revealed that the bilateral and multi-lateral agreements that were enacted in the dawn of the new dispensation have not yielded the desired economic revival transformations. The study recommended establishment of an economic institute to direct policy as well as removal of unethical practices in both public and private sectors so as to ensure financial and economic discipline.
Entrepreneurship is cause but economic development is effectRajaram Kshetri
This document discusses entrepreneurship and its role in economic development. It defines entrepreneurship as undertaking innovations to transform them into economic goods. Entrepreneurs explore opportunities, provide new products/services, and generate employment, income, taxes, and innovations. They promote capital formation, balanced regional development, and poverty alleviation. However, entrepreneurship in Nepal faces problems like limited financing, lack of training, and an unstable policy environment. The government can support small businesses and entrepreneurship by improving the investment climate, providing capital, protecting investors, implementing supportive policies, and expanding institutional services like entrepreneurship development programs. These programs aim to train graduates in starting businesses successfully.
The document discusses key business drivers that can transform a company over 3 years: embracing change, capturing trends like sustainability and emerging markets, diversifying business models and revenue streams, adding value through marketing, accessing capital, exporting, and focusing on research and development. It provides examples of companies in New Zealand that successfully grew from startups to $100M+ businesses by applying these drivers, such as developing alternative revenue from exercise programs or ready-made salads. The document advocates that businesses can realize untapped value and position themselves for greater success in 3 years by employing these emerging business strategies and drivers of change.
The economic success of the Asian Tigers resulted from their own efforts. Each country largely followed the Japanese model of export-led development: they began with exports of the cheapest products, educated their citizens so that they would be knowledgeable workers, and then increased the value of the products that were being exported. Today, South Korea, for instance, is the home of technology giants Samsung and LG, both of which have benefited immensely from government policies that promoted education. Singapore, meanwhile, has become a global trading and banking hub-another example of expertise in a high-value industry.
Report released Sept 16 providing overview of this vibrant sector.
Prepared by Technology Investment Network (TIN) on behalf of the New Zealand Ministry of Business, Innovation and Employment (MBIE)
This document discusses strategies for developing Hong Kong into a knowledge-based economy. It argues that Hong Kong should move beyond relying on basic requirements and efficiency to become innovation-driven. Developing a knowledge corridor between Beijing, Guangdong, and Hong Kong could maximize their combined strengths and complementarities. The document also examines innovation ecosystems in places like South Korea, Israel, and Europe that Hong Kong could learn from. It emphasizes that government has an important role to play in facilitating economic transitions through policies that support commercializing technology and knowledge-intensive SMEs.
Productivity challenges in Singapore - Part 2 23062015Hawyee Auyong
This document provides context for Singapore's productivity challenges by describing key economic events from the 1980s to 1990s. It summarizes that Singapore faced an economic recession in 1985 after pursuing rapid industrialization and wage increases in prior decades. In response, the government formed an Economic Committee to review policies and identify causes of the recession, including a loss of competitiveness from rising business costs and wage rigidities. The committee's report highlighted that high wage costs were a major contributor to high business costs and Singapore's declining competitiveness compared to other industrializing nations.
Case Study 4 Understanding a Development Miracle China business deci.pdfinfo324235
Case Study 4 Understanding a Development Miracle: China business decisions/But China has
also adopted active- higher skill and technology content, and it embarked An Extraordinary
Performance rom 1978 to 2011, the economy of China dented achievement for 19% of global
population China\'s income per cap- s of incr se to 9% a year, an any economy in history, let on
its period of rapid growth around 1980, more alone the world\'s most popuióuis nation, with over
than a decade before significant trade liberalization. But often overlooked is that/China\'s ita by
2012 was approaching six times what it was in productivity growth was also very high.
Moreover, 1978, when reforms began. Growth was three times much of China\'s growth in the
1980s and early 1990s the rate that would be considered respectable by was due to nural
township and village enterprises the recent standards of most low-income countries. which had a
qhasi-cooperative and quasi-municipally Shina has also experienced the world\'s most owned
character. There has been less privatization dramatic reductions in poverty. The World Bank\'s of
state-owned enterprises than in most developing most recent estimate is that Just 12% of China\'s
countries. In the meantime, countre sin Africa Latin population lives on less than$1.25 per day
(27% America, and elsewhere that have most closely fol- below $2 per day). This means that
hundreds of lowed the free-market model have generally not done millions fewer people were
bving in extreme pov- particularly well. While all schools may find some- erty in a span of just
three decades. Reductions in thing in Chinate let them claim it as vindication of extreme poverty
in China are far faster and greater their favored development policies, it is also clear than
anywhere else in the world that if China were performing dismally, each could (and likely
would) find reasons why its own theories, including free-market theory, predicted such a failure
Debate on Sources of Success For such a stunning record, the roots of China\'s suc- There have
been many special explanations for cess remain a source of disagreementy The Chinese China\'s
remarkable success. Many of them contain experience seems to change everything-but does part
of the truth, but such dramatic success is more it? And if so, in what ways? Success has a thou-
than the sum of these parts. Let us review some of sand fathers, and all the major traditional and
new the explanations. China as their most important case in point. China schools of thbught on
development want to claim Regional \"Demonstrations.\" The presence of regional
\"demonstration\" models, has been is hailed as an example of the benefits of markets, crucial.
Japan was emulated\"by other countries trade, and globalization. Yet by conventional mea- in the
East Asian region. Hong Kong provided sures, institutions in China remain quite weak. For an
additional example for China, as did China\'s example, the World Bank\'s 2013 \"Pase of Doing
.
The document provides information on starting small scale enterprises in India. It discusses rules and regulations small enterprises must follow, including not polluting the environment, exploiting labor, or cheating customers. It also lists important acts related to small enterprises, such as those governing factories, labor disputes, contracts, wages, and more. The document defines small enterprises and categories within small enterprises, such as tiny industries, export-oriented units, and service businesses. It discusses characteristics, advantages, and the role of small enterprises in economic development, including increasing employment, production, and exports over decades. Finally, it outlines the steps to start a small enterprise, including selecting a project and location, feasibility studies, deciding the business structure, and obtaining necessary approvals
This document discusses the influences on curriculum development over a geographer's career spanning 31 years in the classroom and leadership roles. It references influential geographers from the past like Norman Graves and "Jammy" Morris who grappled with tensions in the field. It also discusses more recent experiences co-authoring textbooks, blogging, and developing resources to support everyday geography teaching. The document advocates for curriculum as a coherent narrative shaped by educational principles rather than external policy pressures.
Alice Coleman was a prominent British geographer who conducted influential land use surveys in the UK during the 1960s. She began her career as a secondary teacher before becoming a professor of geography. Coleman directed the Second Land Utilisation Survey of Britain, which involved 3000 volunteers surveying 90% of England and Wales. Although only 115 map sheets were published from the survey, they provide a valuable historic record of land use and remain a useful educational resource. Coleman questioned contemporary planning approaches and advocated for the importance of visual literacy in geography education.
The document provides information about the Royal Geographical Society's Young Geographer of the Year Competition 2023. Students are asked to create a blueprint or plan addressing two geographical issues related to problems such as food/energy sustainability, water security, urbanization, and more as they will exist in 2050. Entries can be posters for key stages 2-4 or other formats for key stage 5. Posters should include annotated maps, images and diagrams to explain the problems and proposed solutions. Last year's winning entries are provided as examples of quality. Suggested issues, formats, and resources are provided to help students develop innovative and realistic blueprints for the future.
The document discusses various elements of the Queen's coronation weekend that could be impacted by different weather types, including wet weather, windy weather, fog, cold temperatures, and an actual weather forecast. Elements that may be affected are people camping out overnight along the procession route, drones getting aerial footage, people standing to watch the procession for long periods, people and horses in the procession, guests arriving in fancy clothing, the outdoor service and procession, gun salutes in Hyde Park, the coronation procession returning to Buckingham Palace, people taking photos, a royal flypast, and outdoor parties and picnics. The actual forecast predicts a cloudy and wet day in many areas with showers, including London
Dr. Gemma Sou gave a presentation on using comics to communicate geographic research findings. She discussed how comics can represent different experiences and perspectives through fictionalized characters and storytelling. Sou explained her process for developing comics, which includes deciding what to communicate based on the audience, writing scripts, working iteratively with artists, and seeking feedback. Comics allow researchers to visualize alternative futures, histories, and intangible experiences. Sou argued that comics are an accessible way to engage different audiences and challenge stereotypes. The presentation concluded with a discussion of examples of geographic comics and their educational uses.
The document discusses borders and how they are commonly perceived, suggesting that borders represent interaction and cultural exchange rather than exclusion, are fluid rather than fixed, and indicate insecurity rather than security. It prompts considering the borders young people cross daily that could be used to discuss this concept and how borders could be integrated into or made a separate topic of discussion in teaching.
Level 3 NCEA - NZ: A Nation In the Making 1872 - 1900 SML.pptHenry Hollis
The History of NZ 1870-1900.
Making of a Nation.
From the NZ Wars to Liberals,
Richard Seddon, George Grey,
Social Laboratory, New Zealand,
Confiscations, Kotahitanga, Kingitanga, Parliament, Suffrage, Repudiation, Economic Change, Agriculture, Gold Mining, Timber, Flax, Sheep, Dairying,
Gender and Mental Health - Counselling and Family Therapy Applications and In...PsychoTech Services
A proprietary approach developed by bringing together the best of learning theories from Psychology, design principles from the world of visualization, and pedagogical methods from over a decade of training experience, that enables you to: Learn better, faster!
A Visual Guide to 1 Samuel | A Tale of Two HeartsSteve Thomason
These slides walk through the story of 1 Samuel. Samuel is the last judge of Israel. The people reject God and want a king. Saul is anointed as the first king, but he is not a good king. David, the shepherd boy is anointed and Saul is envious of him. David shows honor while Saul continues to self destruct.
Philippine Edukasyong Pantahanan at Pangkabuhayan (EPP) CurriculumMJDuyan
(𝐓𝐋𝐄 𝟏𝟎𝟎) (𝐋𝐞𝐬𝐬𝐨𝐧 𝟏)-𝐏𝐫𝐞𝐥𝐢𝐦𝐬
𝐃𝐢𝐬𝐜𝐮𝐬𝐬 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐄𝐏𝐏 𝐂𝐮𝐫𝐫𝐢𝐜𝐮𝐥𝐮𝐦 𝐢𝐧 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐏𝐡𝐢𝐥𝐢𝐩𝐩𝐢𝐧𝐞𝐬:
- Understand the goals and objectives of the Edukasyong Pantahanan at Pangkabuhayan (EPP) curriculum, recognizing its importance in fostering practical life skills and values among students. Students will also be able to identify the key components and subjects covered, such as agriculture, home economics, industrial arts, and information and communication technology.
𝐄𝐱𝐩𝐥𝐚𝐢𝐧 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐍𝐚𝐭𝐮𝐫𝐞 𝐚𝐧𝐝 𝐒𝐜𝐨𝐩𝐞 𝐨𝐟 𝐚𝐧 𝐄𝐧𝐭𝐫𝐞𝐩𝐫𝐞𝐧𝐞𝐮𝐫:
-Define entrepreneurship, distinguishing it from general business activities by emphasizing its focus on innovation, risk-taking, and value creation. Students will describe the characteristics and traits of successful entrepreneurs, including their roles and responsibilities, and discuss the broader economic and social impacts of entrepreneurial activities on both local and global scales.
Andreas Schleicher presents PISA 2022 Volume III - Creative Thinking - 18 Jun...EduSkills OECD
Andreas Schleicher, Director of Education and Skills at the OECD presents at the launch of PISA 2022 Volume III - Creative Minds, Creative Schools on 18 June 2024.
CapTechTalks Webinar Slides June 2024 Donovan Wright.pptxCapitolTechU
Slides from a Capitol Technology University webinar held June 20, 2024. The webinar featured Dr. Donovan Wright, presenting on the Department of Defense Digital Transformation.
Elevate Your Nonprofit's Online Presence_ A Guide to Effective SEO Strategies...TechSoup
Whether you're new to SEO or looking to refine your existing strategies, this webinar will provide you with actionable insights and practical tips to elevate your nonprofit's online presence.
How to Download & Install Module From the Odoo App Store in Odoo 17Celine George
Custom modules offer the flexibility to extend Odoo's capabilities, address unique requirements, and optimize workflows to align seamlessly with your organization's processes. By leveraging custom modules, businesses can unlock greater efficiency, productivity, and innovation, empowering them to stay competitive in today's dynamic market landscape. In this tutorial, we'll guide you step by step on how to easily download and install modules from the Odoo App Store.
This document provides an overview of wound healing, its functions, stages, mechanisms, factors affecting it, and complications.
A wound is a break in the integrity of the skin or tissues, which may be associated with disruption of the structure and function.
Healing is the body’s response to injury in an attempt to restore normal structure and functions.
Healing can occur in two ways: Regeneration and Repair
There are 4 phases of wound healing: hemostasis, inflammation, proliferation, and remodeling. This document also describes the mechanism of wound healing. Factors that affect healing include infection, uncontrolled diabetes, poor nutrition, age, anemia, the presence of foreign bodies, etc.
Complications of wound healing like infection, hyperpigmentation of scar, contractures, and keloid formation.
4. Key Questions Newly industrialising countries are…… Examples of NICs include……. Singapore has changed as a result of its recent industrialisation. Changes include……
5.
6. BBC BITESIZE In the 20th century many countries in east and south east Asia industrialised - including South Korea, Taiwan, Singapore, Japan, Philippines and Thailand. These nations are called newly industrialised countries or NICs. They are also sometimes referred to as tiger economies because of their rapid growth rate. The governments of these NICs kept close control over industrial development, and encouraged industries to export manufactured products to the more developed and richer countries abroad. The profits generated by exports were re-invested in the domestic economy. Domestic businesses grew, wages rose, and workers spent their new wealth on home-produced goods and services - thus stimulating further growth. This kind of cycle or knock-on effect, in which money paid out by businesses is re-invested in the economy, is sometimes called the multiplier effect. The success of NIC economies has contributed to the decline, over the last 30 years, of manufacturing industries in MEDCs such as the UK. Industries struggled to compete with the cheaper competition from NICs, where production costs and wages were less.
7. TUTOR2U.NET Newly Industrialised Countries (NIC's) are LDC's that have undergone recent, rapid industrialisation and experience rising incomes, high growth rates and international involvement. e.g. Asian tigers Taiwan, Singapore, Hong Kong, and South Korea, achieved high rates of growth in the late 20th century. Typically NIC's have made progress because of appropriate government intervention to make markets work better through investment in human capital and by adopting an export orientation. It is useful to classify countries by groupings for identification of common problems and policy purposes. The danger lies in stereotyping and making generalisations that are an over- simplification of complex reality.
8. GEOGRAPHY.LEARNONTHEINTERNET.COM NICs (Newly industrialised countries) tend to have a large proportion of people working in secondary industries. The % of the population working in primary industry starts to decline. This is because people move from jobs in rural areas to urban areas to work in factories as the industrial base develops.
9. S-COOL.CO.UK Newly industrialised countries are those that have recently had substantial growth in their manufacturing output and consequently exports. They include South Korea, Singapore, Taiwan and Hong Kong. Many have followed a similar system. Firstly the country invests in industries that can produce goods they would normally import and supports these new industries by putting extra taxes on imported goods to make them un-competitive. Then when these industries are established they look to replicate many of the products in the world export market. They concentrate on high technology industries, first mimicking existing products then improving them. Their economy typically grows by about 6-8% a year.
11. 3 Stages…. This stage has traditional, labour intensive industries, using low levels of technology and local raw materials such as textiles. The country develops Import Substitution Industries (ISIs) at home to replace expensive imports, which are subjected to high levels of tax. The country moves into Export Orientated Industries (EOIs) which are high-technology and require a lot of capital investment. They require a lot of Research and Development (R&D), but generate rapid growth in the economy. 1 2 3
12. Where on the graph ? Yu Hui stares through the window of the TV shop and wishes she could afford one of her own . 200 new jobs are announced at the local microwave factory, which opened 10 years ago. Mr. Yamuichi gets a new job making cars for Daihatsu Kim has had to retrain from her job as a seamstress to working on a circuit board checking team. Jo has only 2 days off a month from his managerial job.
13.
14. “ At the moment there is a feeling of wealth and payback time here. The budget has just given cash paybacks to the people of Singapore, with the less well-off getting more. Lee Kuan Yew has just got back from China and there is a real drive to make more trade links with the Chinese.”
15. “ The drive to economic take off has happened but they don't want to tail off (and let complacency set in) – “world class” is a term that is often applied to developments and reasons for growth. Some of the stricter laws seem to be being amended, some of them seemed silly to us in the first place but helped to control/ clean the place up and now the rewards are there for all.”
16. “ Any old Chinese buildings are now in the process of preservation or gentrification - Even trees are now becoming heritage trees. It’s a strange thought: conservation as a sign of economic wellbeing and development…”
17. “ There is fierce competition with Malaysia as they offer cheaper rates at ports and industrial areas so Singapore is trying to widen its global market as it can't really under cut the prices of Malaysia. Dyson vacuum cleaners are now made in Malaysia and even Royal Doulton have re located to Indonesia - lots of china clay there.”
18.
19.
20. How about some statements for another “drag and drop” ? This time on the theme of Singapore as a Newly Industrialising Country You need 6 ‘heads’ & 6 ‘tails’…