Powerpoint Presentation regarding aspects of" globalization" covering effects on Indian economy as well. Covers Definition, Manifestations Challenges & Few practical instances.

1. Presented By :
ADITI WALIA

2. In simple economic terms,
Globalization refers to the
process of integration of the World into
one huge market. A company which has
gone global is called a “Multinational
company”(MNC)/ Transnational
Company (TNC).
The Global company views the World as
one market place, minimises the
importance of national boundaries,
raises capital & market wherever it can
do the job best.

3. ►It is a conglomerate of multiple units
(located in different parts of the Globe) but all
linked by common ownership.
►Multiple units draw on a common pool of
resources such as money, credit, information,
patents, trade names & control systems.
►The units respond to some common strategy.
To be specific, a Global Company has
three characteristics

4. WHY DO COMPANIES GO
GLOBAL..?

5. → The rapid shrinking of Time & Distance
across the Globe , thanks to
-- Faster Communication
-- Speedier Transportation
-- Growing Financial Flows ; and
-- Rapid Technological Change .
→ It is being realised that domestic markets
are no longer rich and adequate. Eg. The
Japanese have flooded the U.S. Markets
with Automobiles & Electronics since
their home market was not large enough
to absorb whatever was produced.

6. → Companies often set up overseas plants to
reduce the high transportation cost.
→ The reason may vary from industry to
industry. For instance, Petroleum and
Mining Companies often go global to secure
a reliable and cheaper source of raw
materials and other factors. Cheap labour in
India lure foreign investors.

7. MANIFESTATIONS
OF
GLOBALIZATION

8. ❖Configuring anywhere in the world.
❖Interlinked & interdependent economies.
❖Lowering of trade & tariff barriers.
❖Infrastructural resources & inputs at
international cost.
❖Increasing trend towards Privatization.
❖Mobility of Skilled labour.
❖Market side efficiency.
❖Formation of regional blocks.
❖Economies of scale.
❖Increase in revenues & profits.

9. CHALLENGES
OF
GLOBALIZATION

10. ❖High capital investments.
❖Political instability can harm the
investments.
❖Loss of intellectual property rights.
❖Outflows of technology transfers.
❖Mandatory local shareholding
participation.
❖ Ruining the previously established
Domestic cultures.
❖ The constant energy utilization required for
this globalization interchange pollutes the
environment.

11. PROCESS OF
GLOBALIZATION
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THE
PRODUCT
PRODUCT
DESIGN
PRODUCT
DEVELOPMENT
PRODUCT TESTING &
QUALITY ASSURANCE
PRODUCT
LOCALISATION
LOCAL PRODUCT
TESTING &
QUALTY
ASSURANCE
LOCAL
PRODUCT
MARKETING

12. EXAMPLES
OF
GLOBALIZATION

13. GLOBALIZATION IN
ECONOMICS
o Some automobiles use parts from others countries, as
in a car being assembled in the U.S. with the parts
coming from Japan, Germany & Korea.
oThe free World Trade Organization supervises the World
trade.
oThe N.A.F.T.A ( North American Free Trade Agreement
is a trade block in North America.
oThe European Union is an economic & political union of
28 countries that are located primarily in Europe.

14. g
GLOBALISATION IN
TECHNOLOGY
▪The INTERNET is a major contributor to globalization, not
only technologically but in other areas as well.
▪Global News Networks like, like CNN, contribute to the
spread of knowledge.
▪Military cooperation between countries such as Strategic
Arms Reduction Strategy or Anti - Terrorism agreements.
▪Environmental cooperation has spread to help reduce CFC
emissions to slow the depletion of Ozone, eg. Montreal
Protocol.

15. GLOBALIZATION IN
BLENDING OF CULTURES
▪ Food is one factor of Globalization. One can find people
eating Sushi in Peru or Indian food in Europe.
▪Satellite televisions allows shows from one country to be
broadcast in many other countries.
▪The “Silk Road” was a trade route between China and the
Mediterranean Sea area and it allowed the exchange of not
only goods but Culture & Knowledge.
▪Improved Travel facilitated the growth of globalization, as
people moved for a better job, better life or fled from
Danger or oppression.

16. GLOBALIZATION
& INDIAN
ECONOMY

17. AGRICULTURE
➢All three sectors of agriculture viz. farming,
marketing & industrial support have shown
tremendous progress.
➢Organic & hybrid variety of seeds have
revitalized the entire sector thanks to
introduction of complete mechanization of farms
by globalization.
➢A boost has been provided to agricultural
exports since globalization has fetched the
farmers with new markets along with E-
Commerce facilities.
➢On the other hand, there are issues like GM
Crops, Competition in pricing, WTO Compliances
& Relaxation of Import Duties that are harming
the Indian farmers.

18. INDUSTRY
➢ It has become possible for the present day Govt.
schemes such as Make in India, Skill India, Digital
India .
➢Increase in Global competitiveness of Indian
industries by way of entering into various
agreements of Joint Ventures, Mergers &
Acquisitions.
➢The Export-Orientation is also increasing by
setting up of various Special Economic Zones.
➢There is abundant availability of loans,
microfinance & even other forms of credit for small
scale industries.
➢The entry of MNCs has added to the competition
leading excessive pressures on domestic co. to
both raise Quality & Productivity to ensure
survival.

19. BANKING & FINANCE
➢Globalization has opened door to Foreign
investors to enter the Domestic market not only
leading to increase of competition but also
innovativeness.
➢Banking structures & products have become
more streamlined & efficient.
➢The whole industry is undergoing an apparent
transition due to Large-Scale market shifts,
competition & technological developments.
➢The domestic financial intermediaries have
taken on more risk-intensive roles to ensure
survival.
➢The industry has been transformed from a
conservative outlook to a highly dynamic one as
many new regulatory bodies & financial
institutions have come up.

20. CONCLUSION
The globalized presents enormous opportunities
for businesses, intercultural marketplaces allow
a larger customer base for differing
Demographics, larger market & human source
potential.
On the other end of the bargain, managers are
tasked with the herculean task of localizing
products & services in such a way that minimizes
the adverse cultural & environmental effects
caused by the rapid global expansion to maintain
an ethical operation.