The document provides information about preparing for an SDME exam on tourism in St. Lucia, including assigning a case study on St. Lucia that covers the location, benefits and problems of tourism there, and how it has been managed. It also discusses the sustainability of tourism in St. Lucia and different options under consideration for developing tourism on the undeveloped eastern side of the island.

1. SDME exam prep 20 th January……. 2 weeks! St Lucia HW due in today

2. St Lucia case study For your case study you should have: - location - why tourists visit here - benefits + problems associated with tourism for St Lucia - how tourism has been managed - decided whether tourism here is sustainable

3. Starter warm up Using Resource 1c, explain why tourism is important to countries like St Lucia (3) Resource 1c

4. So what? For each statement, think of the consequences

5. Tourism Play Your Cards Right How it works: You have 4 cards I will read some statements You hold up the card you think is right

6. Case Study: The Maldives

7. Case Study: The Maldives Mind map Use the textbook (Tomorrow’s Geog p165-167) to build a mind map case study E.g.

8. Tourism in …………… .. Impacts Social Economic How is tourism managed? Points of view Background Environmental Positive Negative Is it sustainable?

10. How does tourism change over time? Cycles of Tourism

11. No impact from tourism yet. Mostly local tourists only. Beginning to build buildings. Traditional. E.g. Israel, China Rapid growth. Traditional employment declines. Impact of tourism increases (especially on the environment). E.g. St Lucia Growth plateaus out. MNCs buy up local businesses (e.g. chain hotels like Holiday Inn buy out local hotels). Growth of jobs but low pay, unskilled, seasonal. Area now dependent on tourism. Only has a chance to be sustainable if can maintain tourism + limit negative impacts. E.g. Maldives Tourism declines for many reasons, e.g. recession, environmental damage, national disasters, terrorism, fashion, etc. Loss of jobs. Locals migrate away in search of work. E.g. Mexico (after Swine Flu), Thailand (after Tsunami) If the area cannot rebrand or redevelop itself to maintain tourism then it will go bust. E.g. Portsmouth redeveloped into ‘Waterfront City’ with Gunwharf + dockyards developed, Ibiza was rebranded into Club 18-30

12. How is the model relevant? Phuket has followed this model over past 10-20 yrs. Portsmouth also followed this model but redeveloped at Stage 5 into uni/navy town. 2.5million tourists to Portsmouth in 2010.

13. Mass Tourism is not Sustainable Because: It relies on low-cost package holidays which destroy the image/environment of an area (so is unsustainable) Also, in a recession these will be the first holidays to decline because they are populated by lower income tourists. Causes too much damage to the environment, economy, society

14. St Lucia is unsustainable At present St Lucia has mass tourism It is in danger of facing plateau and bust in future. It is trying to rebrand as an eco-destination to avoid the bust. Eco-Tourism = fewer tourists but conserves environment (and reduces impact on society) and people will pay more per person, so balance.

16. Resource 5&6 Try to link the two resources. Read Resource 5 and annotate it to show what stage of the model Benidorm is at during each stage of its’ development. E.g. Stage 1

17. Examples of how the island has developed tourism Can you guess what the essay Q might be about? St Lucia

18. Likely SDME essay Q: Q) The eastern side of St Lucia is currently undeveloped. St Lucia makes 48% of it’s GDP and the government are considering the future of the eastern side. - With reference to other case studies and to sustainability, explain which decision you would make for St Lucia. - Discuss the advantages + disadvantages of your decision. - Explain why you did not choose the other options. - Consider different points of view. Build a mass-tourism resort. Build an eco-resort. Build small scale beach resorts. Cancel all development. 16 marks for essay.

19. Homework Practice Question sheet. Due:

20. Case study mind-maps Use the textbooks to create mind-map case studies for your revision One mind-map for each case study: 1) Ayia Napa 2) Machu Picchu 3) Yosemite 15-20mins each is plenty. Cover: brief background, a few attractions, positive + negative impacts, points of view (for+against), how tourism is managed.

21. Tourism in …………… .. Impacts Social Economic How is tourism managed? Points of view Background Environmental Positive Negative Is it sustainable?

22. Impacts Social Economic How is tourism managed? Environmental Negative Is it sustainable? Small Caribbean island. Most income from tourism + bananas Tropical climate + vegetation. Mountains + volcanoes. Locals have more job opportunities 48% of island GDP income is from tourism Jobs are seasonal + low pay. Noise, land + air pollution. Points of view Disruption to local quality of life. Background Good infrastructure Positive Mostly mass tourism Some eco-tourism Eco-T is expensive but long term sustainable. Mass tourism is not sustainable Damage to beaches. Footpath erosion. Land pollution from litter. Increased traffic + congestion. Noise pollution for locals. Old people become disturbed. House prices go up. Loss of traditional culture. Improved economy. Transition to MEDC? Improved infrastructure. Money to improve transport / services, etc. Tourism in St Lucia

23. How can tourism be made responsible?

24. The multiplier effect What is it? How does the multiplier effect work with tourism?

25. Exam Qs Q) Describe & Explain how tourism can affect the environment. (3marks) Q) Why would some people be against mass tourism? (3marks) Q) Suggest 2 reasons why mass tourism might be unsustainable. (4marks) Q) Explain why LEDC countries like St Lucia encourage tourism despite its negative impacts (6marks)

26. What are the impacts of tourism?

27. Exam Command Words: Bingo

28. Who are the stakeholders? Tourism: Points of View