The document provides an overview of the endocrine system, highlighting its role as a network of glands that secrete hormones influencing organ functions. It details the central glands (hypothalamus, pituitary, and pineal gland) and peripheral glands (thyroid, parathyroid, adrenal, gonads, pancreas, and thymus), along with their locations and functions. The hypothalamus and pituitary gland's hormonal secretions, as well as the anatomy of various glands, are briefly described.

1. LECTURE TOPIC:
ENDOCRINE SYSTEM.

2. ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
 it is a system of INTERNAL SECRETING GLANDS.
 Their secretions are called HORMONES.
 Hormones are biologically active substances,
responsible for function of different organs

3. 1). CENTRAL GLANDS:
- Hypothalamus
- Pituitary G
- Pineal gland

4. 2) PERIPHERAL GLANDS:
-Thyroid
-Parathyroid
-Adrenal
-Gonads
-Pancreas
-Thymus.

5. HYPOTHALAMUS
Located in the brain just below the thalamus
Functions as part of both the nervous system and
the endocrine system

6. Hypothalamus
Pituitary
Gland
Pineal
gland

7. PITUITARY GLAND
Located in the brain at the end of the stalk from
the hypothalamus.

9. POSTERIOR PITUTARY
• The posterior pituitary gland secretes two hormones
that are produced in the hypothalamus.
Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)
Oxytocin

10. PINEAL GLAND
Located between the two lobes of the thalamus

11. THYROID GLAND
An irregularly shaped gland that has two lobes connected
by a thin bridge in between (the isthmus)
Located in the neck on either side of the trachea and
across its anterior surface

13. PARATHYROID GLANDS
 Four tiny glands
 Located on the posterior surface of the
thyroid gland, two on each lobe

14. THYMUS GLAND
A pink gland with two lobes located in the thoracic cavity
posterior to the sternum
Large during childhood and puberty but shrinks during
adulthood

15. PANCREAS
 Located posterior to the stomach
 In C – like duodenum

17. ADRENAL GLANDS
Paired, triangular glands over the superior end of each
kidney.
Each gland has an outer layer (cortex) and an inner layer
(medulla).
Each layer functions independently of the other and
secretes its own hormones.

19. OVARIES
Small, egg-shaped glands located in the pelvic cavity
Function as part of both the female reproductive
system and the endocrine system

20. TESTES
Male genital glands, located outside the body in
the scrotum

21. thank you for attention.
THE END!