Myocardial Infarction.pptx
•Download as PPTX, PDF•
1 like•126 views
Myocardial infarction, also known as a heart attack, is caused by reduced blood flow in a coronary artery due to atherosclerosis or blockage by a blood clot. It results in irreversible damage to heart muscle from prolonged lack of oxygen. There are different types classified by the location and severity of damage in the left ventricle. Risk factors include smoking, high blood pressure, obesity, diabetes, and high cholesterol. Diagnosis involves clinical symptoms, cardiac enzyme levels, electrocardiogram changes, and imaging tests. Treatment consists of non-pharmacological lifestyle changes as well as drugs to break up clots, reduce blood pressure and cholesterol, and manage complications.
Report
Share
Report
Share
Recommended
Acute myocardial infraction
This document provides objectives and content about acute myocardial infarction (AMI) or heart attack. It begins with objectives of explaining AMI and its various aspects. It then defines AMI as reduced blood flow in a coronary artery due to atherosclerosis or thrombus. It discusses the incidence, classifications, risk factors like hypertension and smoking, etiological factors, pathophysiology of plaque buildup and thrombus formation blocking blood flow. It covers clinical features like chest pain, diagnostic evaluation including ECG, cardiac enzymes and angiography. It outlines management including pharmacological treatments, angioplasty, and other surgical procedures to reopen blocked arteries and restore blood flow to the heart.
Pericarditis utkarsh
This document provides information on pericarditis, including what it is, the structure of the pericardium, types of pericarditis (acute, recurrent, chronic constrictive), symptoms, signs, investigations, diagnosis, treatment, and more. Pericarditis is defined as inflammation of the pericardium, which is the sac-like membrane surrounding the heart. Acute pericarditis can be dry or effusive, while chronic constrictive pericarditis involves hardening and thickening of the pericardium over time. Diagnosis involves identifying characteristic symptoms like chest pain as well as pericardial friction rubs, ECG changes, and imaging findings. Treatment focuses
Myocardial infarction
Myocardial infarction is the medical name of a heart attack. A heart attack is a life-threatening condition that occurs when blood flow to the heart muscle is abruptly cut off, causing tissue damage. This is usually the result of a blockage in one or more of the coronary arteries.Symptoms include tightness or pain in the chest, neck, back or arms, as well as fatigue, lightheadedness, abnormal heartbeat and anxiety. Women are more likely to have atypical symptoms than men.
Treatment ranges from lifestyle changes and cardiac rehabilitation to medication, stents, and bypass surgery.
Aneurysm by dr.majid nawaz
An aneurysm is an abnormal dilation of a blood vessel wall due to weakening. It can cause thrombosis, alterations in blood flow, rupture, and compression of nearby structures. Aneurysms are classified based on wall composition, shape, and cause. The most common sites for aneurysms are the abdominal aorta and thoracic aorta. Symptoms depend on the specific type of aneurysm but can include rupture, obstruction, embolism, and masses. Diagnosis and treatment involve identifying the type and managing risks like rupture.
Cardiac tamponade
Cardiac tamponade is a life-threatening condition where fluid accumulates in the pericardium and compresses the heart. It can result from various causes such as viral pericarditis, cancer, kidney failure, and chest trauma. Symptoms include decreased blood pressure, increased heart rate, distended neck veins, and difficulty breathing. Diagnosis involves echocardiogram, CT scan, or MRI. Treatment is pericardiocentesis to drain the fluid with the aim of improving heart function and relieving symptoms. Nursing care focuses on monitoring vital signs, administering oxygen, IV fluids, antibiotics, and inotropic drugs if needed.
Ischemic heart diseases..
Ischemic heart disease is usually caused by atherosclerosis in the coronary arteries which limits blood supply to the heart. It has a spectrum of clinical manifestations from mild angina to myocardial infarction depending on the severity of ischemia. Angina pectoris is recurrent chest pain due to transient ischemia while a myocardial infarction occurs when ischemia is prolonged leading to cell death and scarring of heart muscle. Atherosclerosis develops from childhood and lifestyle factors influence its progression, with plaques vulnerable to rupture typically containing inflammatory cells, lipids, and a thin fibrous cap.
Heart block
First degree heart block causes no symptoms and often does not require treatment. Second degree heart block can cause symptoms like dizziness or fainting and is usually treated with a pacemaker. Third degree heart block blocks electrical signals between the upper and lower chambers completely and requires an artificial pacemaker to regulate the heartbeat, as it can otherwise be fatal. The document discusses the causes, signs, diagnostic tests and treatments for the different types of heart block.
Myocardial infarction
Myocardial infarction, also known as a heart attack, is caused by reduced blood flow to the heart muscle due to blockage of the coronary arteries, usually by atherosclerosis or a blood clot. It causes irreversible damage to heart tissue. Risk factors include age, sex, family history, smoking, hypertension, obesity, diabetes, and high cholesterol. Symptoms include chest pain and tightness, pain in the arms or back, and shortness of breath. Diagnosis involves electrocardiograms, blood tests of cardiac biomarkers, and echocardiograms. Treatment focuses on restoring blood flow, preventing clots, and managing complications like arrhythmias or heart failure.
Recommended
Acute myocardial infraction
This document provides objectives and content about acute myocardial infarction (AMI) or heart attack. It begins with objectives of explaining AMI and its various aspects. It then defines AMI as reduced blood flow in a coronary artery due to atherosclerosis or thrombus. It discusses the incidence, classifications, risk factors like hypertension and smoking, etiological factors, pathophysiology of plaque buildup and thrombus formation blocking blood flow. It covers clinical features like chest pain, diagnostic evaluation including ECG, cardiac enzymes and angiography. It outlines management including pharmacological treatments, angioplasty, and other surgical procedures to reopen blocked arteries and restore blood flow to the heart.
Pericarditis utkarsh
This document provides information on pericarditis, including what it is, the structure of the pericardium, types of pericarditis (acute, recurrent, chronic constrictive), symptoms, signs, investigations, diagnosis, treatment, and more. Pericarditis is defined as inflammation of the pericardium, which is the sac-like membrane surrounding the heart. Acute pericarditis can be dry or effusive, while chronic constrictive pericarditis involves hardening and thickening of the pericardium over time. Diagnosis involves identifying characteristic symptoms like chest pain as well as pericardial friction rubs, ECG changes, and imaging findings. Treatment focuses
Myocardial infarction
Myocardial infarction is the medical name of a heart attack. A heart attack is a life-threatening condition that occurs when blood flow to the heart muscle is abruptly cut off, causing tissue damage. This is usually the result of a blockage in one or more of the coronary arteries.Symptoms include tightness or pain in the chest, neck, back or arms, as well as fatigue, lightheadedness, abnormal heartbeat and anxiety. Women are more likely to have atypical symptoms than men.
Treatment ranges from lifestyle changes and cardiac rehabilitation to medication, stents, and bypass surgery.
Aneurysm by dr.majid nawaz
An aneurysm is an abnormal dilation of a blood vessel wall due to weakening. It can cause thrombosis, alterations in blood flow, rupture, and compression of nearby structures. Aneurysms are classified based on wall composition, shape, and cause. The most common sites for aneurysms are the abdominal aorta and thoracic aorta. Symptoms depend on the specific type of aneurysm but can include rupture, obstruction, embolism, and masses. Diagnosis and treatment involve identifying the type and managing risks like rupture.
Cardiac tamponade
Cardiac tamponade is a life-threatening condition where fluid accumulates in the pericardium and compresses the heart. It can result from various causes such as viral pericarditis, cancer, kidney failure, and chest trauma. Symptoms include decreased blood pressure, increased heart rate, distended neck veins, and difficulty breathing. Diagnosis involves echocardiogram, CT scan, or MRI. Treatment is pericardiocentesis to drain the fluid with the aim of improving heart function and relieving symptoms. Nursing care focuses on monitoring vital signs, administering oxygen, IV fluids, antibiotics, and inotropic drugs if needed.
Ischemic heart diseases..
Ischemic heart disease is usually caused by atherosclerosis in the coronary arteries which limits blood supply to the heart. It has a spectrum of clinical manifestations from mild angina to myocardial infarction depending on the severity of ischemia. Angina pectoris is recurrent chest pain due to transient ischemia while a myocardial infarction occurs when ischemia is prolonged leading to cell death and scarring of heart muscle. Atherosclerosis develops from childhood and lifestyle factors influence its progression, with plaques vulnerable to rupture typically containing inflammatory cells, lipids, and a thin fibrous cap.
Heart block
First degree heart block causes no symptoms and often does not require treatment. Second degree heart block can cause symptoms like dizziness or fainting and is usually treated with a pacemaker. Third degree heart block blocks electrical signals between the upper and lower chambers completely and requires an artificial pacemaker to regulate the heartbeat, as it can otherwise be fatal. The document discusses the causes, signs, diagnostic tests and treatments for the different types of heart block.
Myocardial infarction
Myocardial infarction, also known as a heart attack, is caused by reduced blood flow to the heart muscle due to blockage of the coronary arteries, usually by atherosclerosis or a blood clot. It causes irreversible damage to heart tissue. Risk factors include age, sex, family history, smoking, hypertension, obesity, diabetes, and high cholesterol. Symptoms include chest pain and tightness, pain in the arms or back, and shortness of breath. Diagnosis involves electrocardiograms, blood tests of cardiac biomarkers, and echocardiograms. Treatment focuses on restoring blood flow, preventing clots, and managing complications like arrhythmias or heart failure.
Emergency mgt of mi
This document discusses the nursing management of a patient experiencing a myocardial infarction in the emergency room. It provides information on the clinical manifestations of a heart attack, including chest pain and other symptoms. It outlines the nursing assessment process in the ER, including taking a history, examination, vital signs monitoring, and ECG. The nursing goals are to detect changes early and reduce chest discomfort. Interventions include medication administration, monitoring, communication with physicians, and providing a calm environment to promote patient comfort and recovery.
Aneurysms
1. An aneurysm is an abnormal dilation of a blood vessel that can be congenital or acquired due to weakening of the vessel wall.
2. Aneurysms are classified based on composition, shape, location, and pathogenetic mechanism. The most common type is atherosclerotic aneurysms, which often affect the abdominal aorta.
3. Complications of aneurysms include rupture, which can lead to fatal hemorrhaging, as well as compression of surrounding structures. timely diagnosis and treatment are important to prevent such complications.
Raynaud’s disease
Raynauds disease is Raynaud's (ray-NOSE) disease that causes some areas of your body — such as your fingers and toes — to feel numb and cold in response to cold temperatures or stress. In Raynaud's disease, smaller arteries that supply blood to your skin become narrow, limiting blood flow to affected areas (vasospasm).This condition causes “attacks” that limit blood supply to fingers and toes, which may get pale, cold and numb. As blood returns, they may start to tingle and hurt. Except in rare cases, it’s typically not serious. There’s no cure, but there are changes you can make to your routine, dress, and diet that can help you manage symptoms. Episodes are typically triggered by cold or emotional stress. The primary treatment is avoiding the cold. Other measures include the discontinuation of nicotine or stimulant use. vaso dilator is effective .statinis effective for this condition
Dvt
Venous thromboembolism (VTE) includes deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism (PE), which can cause death or disability. Post-thrombotic syndrome damages venous valves and causes leg swelling and pain. Inflammation and platelet activation via neutrophil extracellular traps promote thrombosis. Genetic mutations like factor V Leiden increase thrombotic risk. Symptoms are often nonspecific, while d-dimer and imaging tests aid diagnosis. Anticoagulation prevents further clots, while thrombolysis treats active clots. Outcomes depend on risk stratification of right heart strain and biomarker levels.
MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION
This document defines myocardial infarction and describes its types, causes, symptoms, complications, diagnostic tests, and treatment options. Myocardial infarction is the death of heart muscle caused by a blockage in one of the coronary arteries that reduces blood flow. It can be anterior, posterior, or other regions. Risk factors include smoking, hypertension, age, and diabetes. Symptoms include chest pain and shortness of breath. Complications include heart failure, arrhythmias, and cardiac rupture. Diagnosis involves electrocardiograms, blood tests of cardiac enzymes, and imaging tests. Treatment includes medications like aspirin, beta-blockers, and statins as well as surgical procedures like coronary artery bypass grafting and angioplasty
Myocarditis (2)
The document discusses myocarditis, which is an inflammation of the heart muscle (myocardium). It provides classifications of myocarditis including Lieberman's clinicopathological classification and pathological classifications such as lymphocytic, eosinophilic, granulomatous, and neutrophilic myocarditis. Etiologies including infectious, drug-induced, hypersensitivity reactions, and immunological causes are described. Diagnostic evaluations and management options for myocarditis are also outlined.
MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION SLIDESHARE
Myocardial infarction, commonly known as a heart attack, occurs when blood flow decreases or stops to part of the heart, causing damage to the heart muscle. The most common symptom of a heart attack is chest pain or discomfort under the breastbone that lasts for more than a few minutes. Heart attacks can be fatal if not treated quickly by opening blocked arteries to restore blood flow to the heart.
Myocarditis
This document summarizes the case of a 20-year-old male presenting with new onset dilated cardiomyopathy. Endomyocardial biopsy revealed lymphocytic infiltrates consistent with viral myocarditis. He was initially stabilized with supportive therapies including an LVAD and ECMO. While his EF improved, he suffered multiple complications during his hospital stay including cardiac tamponade, hemorrhagic stroke, and infections, leaving him with residual deficits.
Myocardial infraction or Heart attack
Myocardial infraction or Heart attack are terms used anonymously, but the preferred term is MI.
In an MI an area of the myocardium is permanently destroyed.
MI is usually caused by reduced or decreased blood flow in a coronary artery due to rupture of an atherosclerotic plaque and subsequent occlusion of the artery by a thrombus.
Myocardial infarction (MI) death of the cells of an area of the heart muscle (myocardium) as a result of oxygen deprivation, which in turn is caused by obstruction of the blood supply; commonly referred to as a “heart attack.”
MI refers to the processes by which myocardial tissue is destroyed in regions of the heart that are deprived of an adequate blood supply because of reduced coronary artery blood flow.
Eighty percent to 90% of all acute MI are secondary to thrombus formation. When thrombus develops , perfusion to the myocardium distal to the occlusion is halted, resulting in necrosis.The myocardium receives its blood supply from the two large coronary arteries and their branches.
Occlusion of one or more of these blood vessels (coronary occlusion) is one of the major causes of myocardial infarction.
The occlusion may result from the formation of a clot that develops suddenly when an athermanous plaque ruptures through the sub layers of a blood vessel, or when the narrow, roughened inner lining of a scleroses artery leads to complete thrombosis.
The acute MI process takes time. Cardiac cells can withstand in ischemic conditions for approximately 20 minutes before cellular death begins.
The earliest tissue to become ischemic is the sub endocardium (the innermost layer of tissue in the cardiac muscle)
If ischemia persists, it takes approximately 4 to 6 hours for the entire thickness if the heart muscle to become necrosis.
Cardiac arrest
Cardiac arrest is a medical emergency where the heart suddenly stops beating. It occurs when the electrical system of the heart malfunctions, causing an irregular heartbeat (arrhythmia). Common causes include coronary heart disease and cardiac arrhythmias. Signs include unconsciousness, no breathing, and no pulse. Treatment involves CPR and use of medications or defibrillation to restart the heart. Prevention focuses on maintaining a healthy lifestyle through diet, exercise, avoiding smoking and managing stress.
Heart attack
This presentation is about heart disease. Heart attack is the most dangerous non-communicable disease in this time. Here you can know what are the symptoms and how to prevent heart attack.
Cardiac emergencies
This document discusses various cardiac emergencies including myocardial infarction, angina pectoris, congestive cardiac failure, sudden cardiac arrest, cardiac tamponade, and cardiogenic shock. It provides details on the causes, symptoms, diagnostic measures, and management of these conditions. Specifically, it describes angina pectoris as chest pain caused by partial blockage of the coronary arteries, acute myocardial infarction as damage to the heart muscle caused by a blockage of blood supply, and cardiac tamponade as a life-threatening condition where fluid builds up in the space between the heart muscle and the sac surrounding the heart. The document emphasizes the importance of early recognition, CPR, defibrillation and medications in managing cardiac arrest and
Peripheral vascular disease (pvd)
Peripheral vascular disease (pvd) is a slow blood circulation disorder that leads to blockage in blood vessels, outside your heart and brain.
Myocardial infarction
This document discusses myocardial infarction (MI) or heart attack. It defines MI as occurring when blood flow to the heart is reduced or stopped, damaging the heart muscle. Ischemia develops when there is increased oxygen demand or decreased oxygen supply, and can cause irreversible tissue damage if it lasts over 20 minutes. Risk factors for MI include smoking, obesity, stress, high cholesterol, diabetes, and hypertension. Symptoms of MI include chest pain, left arm pain in men and arm/back/jaw pain in women, shortness of breath, nausea, and sweating. Tests used to diagnose MI are cardiac enzymes, ECG, and echocardiogram. Treatment for MI includes MONA protocol and coronary angioplast
Stroke 2018
Stroke is sudden death of brain cells result from deprivation of oxygen ,that caused from
blockage of blood flow or rapture of an essential artery of brain or by cerebral thrombosis that may caused the stroke ,that occurs in varying signs and symptoms from temporary paralysis and loss of speech to the brain damage and death .
Stroke also called brain attack or CVA (Cerebrovascular Accident),it is one of the most risky and critical neurological disorder and also it is the third most common cause of
death in development country(after heart disease and cancers) .it is cause of death in people that younger than 45 years ,that cases account 3000 annually ,stroke also is one of 10
causes of death children and that include 5-10% cases of stroke.
Stroke is clinical syndrome that’s clinical features develops rapidly through minutes because
of a vascular causes
Aneurysm
An aneurysm is a localized bulging or ballooning of the wall of an artery. It occurs when the arterial wall weakens, causing it to widen abnormally. The two main types are saccular aneurysms, which are spherical bulges, and fusiform aneurysms, which elongate a portion of the artery. Aneurysms can enlarge over time and rupture, causing life-threatening hemorrhage. Risk factors include atherosclerosis, infection, smoking, hypertension, and genetic conditions. Diagnosis involves physical exam and imaging tests. Treatment depends on the location and size of the aneurysm but may involve open or endovascular surgical repair to prevent rupture.
Aneurysm
An aneurysm is a localized bulging or dilation of the wall of a blood vessel. They are caused by a weakened blood vessel wall and risk factors include smoking, hypertension, genetics, and age. Aneurysms are classified based on size, shape, location, and cause. Treatment depends on the type and risk of rupture but may involve medication to control blood pressure, surgical clipping or endovascular coiling to repair the aneurysm, and postoperative nursing care like monitoring for infection or bleeding. Maintaining a healthy lifestyle can help prevent aneurysm formation.
Myocardial infarction
Myocardial Infarction- Heart ailment.
Etiology-Diagnosis-Pathophysiology-Riskfactors-Symptoms-Treatment-Medication
Hypotension
Hypotension is defined as low blood pressure, with a systolic pressure under 90 mm Hg or diastolic under 60 mm Hg. It can be caused by factors like low blood volume, medications, or certain syndromes. Symptoms include dizziness, fainting, fatigue, and blurred vision. Treatment depends on the severity and cause of hypotension. For mild asymptomatic cases, increasing fluid/electrolyte intake or caffeine may help. More severe cases may require medications to increase blood volume or vascular resistance. The goal of treatment is to maintain adequate tissue perfusion and address any underlying medical issues that are contributing to the low blood pressure.
Management of shock
Shock is defined as inadequate tissue perfusion resulting from reduced blood flow or oxygen delivery. There are four main types of shock: hypovolemic, cardiogenic, distributive, and obstructive. The management of shock involves treating the underlying cause, restoring circulating volume with intravenous fluids, and providing supportive care such as oxygen supplementation. Goals are to improve oxygen delivery and prevent end organ damage. Early recognition and treatment are important for successful management.
2.7. Cardiomyopathies_ lecture.ppt
This document discusses different types of cardiomyopathy, including dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM), hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM), and restrictive cardiomyopathy. DCM is characterized by enlarged heart chambers and reduced systolic function. HCM involves thickened heart muscle and potential outflow tract obstruction. Restrictive cardiomyopathy restricts heart filling due to stiff heart muscles. The causes, clinical presentations, diagnostic evaluations, and management strategies are described for each type of cardiomyopathy.
MI.pptx
This document provides an overview of myocardial infarction (MI), also known as a heart attack. It defines MI as irreversible damage to the heart muscle caused by prolonged lack of oxygenated blood flow. The document discusses the types of MIs, risk factors, pathophysiology, clinical signs and symptoms, diagnostic tests, and treatment options. Treatment involves both pharmacological interventions like thrombolytics, anticoagulants, and antiplatelet drugs, as well as non-pharmacological lifestyle changes and procedures like angioplasty, stenting, and coronary artery bypass grafting.
More Related Content
What's hot
Emergency mgt of mi
This document discusses the nursing management of a patient experiencing a myocardial infarction in the emergency room. It provides information on the clinical manifestations of a heart attack, including chest pain and other symptoms. It outlines the nursing assessment process in the ER, including taking a history, examination, vital signs monitoring, and ECG. The nursing goals are to detect changes early and reduce chest discomfort. Interventions include medication administration, monitoring, communication with physicians, and providing a calm environment to promote patient comfort and recovery.
Aneurysms
1. An aneurysm is an abnormal dilation of a blood vessel that can be congenital or acquired due to weakening of the vessel wall.
2. Aneurysms are classified based on composition, shape, location, and pathogenetic mechanism. The most common type is atherosclerotic aneurysms, which often affect the abdominal aorta.
3. Complications of aneurysms include rupture, which can lead to fatal hemorrhaging, as well as compression of surrounding structures. timely diagnosis and treatment are important to prevent such complications.
Raynaud’s disease
Raynauds disease is Raynaud's (ray-NOSE) disease that causes some areas of your body — such as your fingers and toes — to feel numb and cold in response to cold temperatures or stress. In Raynaud's disease, smaller arteries that supply blood to your skin become narrow, limiting blood flow to affected areas (vasospasm).This condition causes “attacks” that limit blood supply to fingers and toes, which may get pale, cold and numb. As blood returns, they may start to tingle and hurt. Except in rare cases, it’s typically not serious. There’s no cure, but there are changes you can make to your routine, dress, and diet that can help you manage symptoms. Episodes are typically triggered by cold or emotional stress. The primary treatment is avoiding the cold. Other measures include the discontinuation of nicotine or stimulant use. vaso dilator is effective .statinis effective for this condition
Dvt
Venous thromboembolism (VTE) includes deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism (PE), which can cause death or disability. Post-thrombotic syndrome damages venous valves and causes leg swelling and pain. Inflammation and platelet activation via neutrophil extracellular traps promote thrombosis. Genetic mutations like factor V Leiden increase thrombotic risk. Symptoms are often nonspecific, while d-dimer and imaging tests aid diagnosis. Anticoagulation prevents further clots, while thrombolysis treats active clots. Outcomes depend on risk stratification of right heart strain and biomarker levels.
MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION
This document defines myocardial infarction and describes its types, causes, symptoms, complications, diagnostic tests, and treatment options. Myocardial infarction is the death of heart muscle caused by a blockage in one of the coronary arteries that reduces blood flow. It can be anterior, posterior, or other regions. Risk factors include smoking, hypertension, age, and diabetes. Symptoms include chest pain and shortness of breath. Complications include heart failure, arrhythmias, and cardiac rupture. Diagnosis involves electrocardiograms, blood tests of cardiac enzymes, and imaging tests. Treatment includes medications like aspirin, beta-blockers, and statins as well as surgical procedures like coronary artery bypass grafting and angioplasty
Myocarditis (2)
The document discusses myocarditis, which is an inflammation of the heart muscle (myocardium). It provides classifications of myocarditis including Lieberman's clinicopathological classification and pathological classifications such as lymphocytic, eosinophilic, granulomatous, and neutrophilic myocarditis. Etiologies including infectious, drug-induced, hypersensitivity reactions, and immunological causes are described. Diagnostic evaluations and management options for myocarditis are also outlined.
MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION SLIDESHARE
Myocardial infarction, commonly known as a heart attack, occurs when blood flow decreases or stops to part of the heart, causing damage to the heart muscle. The most common symptom of a heart attack is chest pain or discomfort under the breastbone that lasts for more than a few minutes. Heart attacks can be fatal if not treated quickly by opening blocked arteries to restore blood flow to the heart.
Myocarditis
This document summarizes the case of a 20-year-old male presenting with new onset dilated cardiomyopathy. Endomyocardial biopsy revealed lymphocytic infiltrates consistent with viral myocarditis. He was initially stabilized with supportive therapies including an LVAD and ECMO. While his EF improved, he suffered multiple complications during his hospital stay including cardiac tamponade, hemorrhagic stroke, and infections, leaving him with residual deficits.
Myocardial infraction or Heart attack
Myocardial infraction or Heart attack are terms used anonymously, but the preferred term is MI.
In an MI an area of the myocardium is permanently destroyed.
MI is usually caused by reduced or decreased blood flow in a coronary artery due to rupture of an atherosclerotic plaque and subsequent occlusion of the artery by a thrombus.
Myocardial infarction (MI) death of the cells of an area of the heart muscle (myocardium) as a result of oxygen deprivation, which in turn is caused by obstruction of the blood supply; commonly referred to as a “heart attack.”
MI refers to the processes by which myocardial tissue is destroyed in regions of the heart that are deprived of an adequate blood supply because of reduced coronary artery blood flow.
Eighty percent to 90% of all acute MI are secondary to thrombus formation. When thrombus develops , perfusion to the myocardium distal to the occlusion is halted, resulting in necrosis.The myocardium receives its blood supply from the two large coronary arteries and their branches.
Occlusion of one or more of these blood vessels (coronary occlusion) is one of the major causes of myocardial infarction.
The occlusion may result from the formation of a clot that develops suddenly when an athermanous plaque ruptures through the sub layers of a blood vessel, or when the narrow, roughened inner lining of a scleroses artery leads to complete thrombosis.
The acute MI process takes time. Cardiac cells can withstand in ischemic conditions for approximately 20 minutes before cellular death begins.
The earliest tissue to become ischemic is the sub endocardium (the innermost layer of tissue in the cardiac muscle)
If ischemia persists, it takes approximately 4 to 6 hours for the entire thickness if the heart muscle to become necrosis.
Cardiac arrest
Cardiac arrest is a medical emergency where the heart suddenly stops beating. It occurs when the electrical system of the heart malfunctions, causing an irregular heartbeat (arrhythmia). Common causes include coronary heart disease and cardiac arrhythmias. Signs include unconsciousness, no breathing, and no pulse. Treatment involves CPR and use of medications or defibrillation to restart the heart. Prevention focuses on maintaining a healthy lifestyle through diet, exercise, avoiding smoking and managing stress.
Heart attack
This presentation is about heart disease. Heart attack is the most dangerous non-communicable disease in this time. Here you can know what are the symptoms and how to prevent heart attack.
Cardiac emergencies
This document discusses various cardiac emergencies including myocardial infarction, angina pectoris, congestive cardiac failure, sudden cardiac arrest, cardiac tamponade, and cardiogenic shock. It provides details on the causes, symptoms, diagnostic measures, and management of these conditions. Specifically, it describes angina pectoris as chest pain caused by partial blockage of the coronary arteries, acute myocardial infarction as damage to the heart muscle caused by a blockage of blood supply, and cardiac tamponade as a life-threatening condition where fluid builds up in the space between the heart muscle and the sac surrounding the heart. The document emphasizes the importance of early recognition, CPR, defibrillation and medications in managing cardiac arrest and
Peripheral vascular disease (pvd)
Peripheral vascular disease (pvd) is a slow blood circulation disorder that leads to blockage in blood vessels, outside your heart and brain.
Myocardial infarction
This document discusses myocardial infarction (MI) or heart attack. It defines MI as occurring when blood flow to the heart is reduced or stopped, damaging the heart muscle. Ischemia develops when there is increased oxygen demand or decreased oxygen supply, and can cause irreversible tissue damage if it lasts over 20 minutes. Risk factors for MI include smoking, obesity, stress, high cholesterol, diabetes, and hypertension. Symptoms of MI include chest pain, left arm pain in men and arm/back/jaw pain in women, shortness of breath, nausea, and sweating. Tests used to diagnose MI are cardiac enzymes, ECG, and echocardiogram. Treatment for MI includes MONA protocol and coronary angioplast
Stroke 2018
Stroke is sudden death of brain cells result from deprivation of oxygen ,that caused from
blockage of blood flow or rapture of an essential artery of brain or by cerebral thrombosis that may caused the stroke ,that occurs in varying signs and symptoms from temporary paralysis and loss of speech to the brain damage and death .
Stroke also called brain attack or CVA (Cerebrovascular Accident),it is one of the most risky and critical neurological disorder and also it is the third most common cause of
death in development country(after heart disease and cancers) .it is cause of death in people that younger than 45 years ,that cases account 3000 annually ,stroke also is one of 10
causes of death children and that include 5-10% cases of stroke.
Stroke is clinical syndrome that’s clinical features develops rapidly through minutes because
of a vascular causes
Aneurysm
An aneurysm is a localized bulging or ballooning of the wall of an artery. It occurs when the arterial wall weakens, causing it to widen abnormally. The two main types are saccular aneurysms, which are spherical bulges, and fusiform aneurysms, which elongate a portion of the artery. Aneurysms can enlarge over time and rupture, causing life-threatening hemorrhage. Risk factors include atherosclerosis, infection, smoking, hypertension, and genetic conditions. Diagnosis involves physical exam and imaging tests. Treatment depends on the location and size of the aneurysm but may involve open or endovascular surgical repair to prevent rupture.
Aneurysm
An aneurysm is a localized bulging or dilation of the wall of a blood vessel. They are caused by a weakened blood vessel wall and risk factors include smoking, hypertension, genetics, and age. Aneurysms are classified based on size, shape, location, and cause. Treatment depends on the type and risk of rupture but may involve medication to control blood pressure, surgical clipping or endovascular coiling to repair the aneurysm, and postoperative nursing care like monitoring for infection or bleeding. Maintaining a healthy lifestyle can help prevent aneurysm formation.
Myocardial infarction
Myocardial Infarction- Heart ailment.
Etiology-Diagnosis-Pathophysiology-Riskfactors-Symptoms-Treatment-Medication
Hypotension
Hypotension is defined as low blood pressure, with a systolic pressure under 90 mm Hg or diastolic under 60 mm Hg. It can be caused by factors like low blood volume, medications, or certain syndromes. Symptoms include dizziness, fainting, fatigue, and blurred vision. Treatment depends on the severity and cause of hypotension. For mild asymptomatic cases, increasing fluid/electrolyte intake or caffeine may help. More severe cases may require medications to increase blood volume or vascular resistance. The goal of treatment is to maintain adequate tissue perfusion and address any underlying medical issues that are contributing to the low blood pressure.
Management of shock
Shock is defined as inadequate tissue perfusion resulting from reduced blood flow or oxygen delivery. There are four main types of shock: hypovolemic, cardiogenic, distributive, and obstructive. The management of shock involves treating the underlying cause, restoring circulating volume with intravenous fluids, and providing supportive care such as oxygen supplementation. Goals are to improve oxygen delivery and prevent end organ damage. Early recognition and treatment are important for successful management.
What's hot (20)
Similar to Myocardial Infarction.pptx
2.7. Cardiomyopathies_ lecture.ppt
This document discusses different types of cardiomyopathy, including dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM), hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM), and restrictive cardiomyopathy. DCM is characterized by enlarged heart chambers and reduced systolic function. HCM involves thickened heart muscle and potential outflow tract obstruction. Restrictive cardiomyopathy restricts heart filling due to stiff heart muscles. The causes, clinical presentations, diagnostic evaluations, and management strategies are described for each type of cardiomyopathy.
MI.pptx
This document provides an overview of myocardial infarction (MI), also known as a heart attack. It defines MI as irreversible damage to the heart muscle caused by prolonged lack of oxygenated blood flow. The document discusses the types of MIs, risk factors, pathophysiology, clinical signs and symptoms, diagnostic tests, and treatment options. Treatment involves both pharmacological interventions like thrombolytics, anticoagulants, and antiplatelet drugs, as well as non-pharmacological lifestyle changes and procedures like angioplasty, stenting, and coronary artery bypass grafting.
Bems Kiran presentation1
Ischemic heart disease, also known as coronary artery disease, refers to a group of syndromes caused by an imbalance between myocardial oxygen supply and demand. The most common cause is atherosclerotic narrowing of the coronary arteries. Risk factors include age, male sex, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, diabetes, and smoking. Angina occurs when ischemia is reversible, while a myocardial infarction involves cell death due to prolonged ischemia. Diagnosis involves symptoms, electrocardiogram changes, and elevated cardiac enzymes. Chronic ischemic heart disease can lead to heart failure over time due to multifocal scarring.
Cardiomyopathiesclassification,oetiology and treatment
This document discusses different types of cardiomyopathies including their classification, etiology, and treatment. It focuses on dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM), providing details on its classification, causes, clinical presentation, diagnosis, and management. It also discusses other forms of cardiomyopathy such as hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM), describing its characteristic left ventricular hypertrophy and outflow tract obstruction. The document aims to comprehensively classify and describe different cardiomyopathies for medical professionals.
Ischemic heart disease (CAD).ppt
Ischemic heart disease, also known as coronary artery disease, is caused by the narrowing of the coronary arteries due to plaque buildup. It is a common cause of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. The risk of IHD increases with age and is higher in men, though the gender gap decreases at older ages. Major risk factors include high cholesterol, smoking, hypertension, diabetes, and obesity. Angina is a common symptom of IHD and presents as chest pain or pressure that is triggered by exertion and relieved by rest. A myocardial infarction occurs when a plaque ruptures, causing a clot that blocks blood flow and leads to heart muscle cell death. Diagnosis of MI involves characteristic symptoms, ECG changes, and elevated
myocardial infarction
This document provides information about myocardial infarction (MI) or heart attack. It defines MI as reduced blood flow in a coronary artery due to atherosclerosis or blockage. MI is a leading cause of death. Risk factors include age, family history, smoking, hypertension, high cholesterol, diabetes and stress. Signs and symptoms include chest pain and shortness of breath. Diagnosis involves ECG, cardiac enzymes and angiography. Treatment includes aspirin, nitrates, beta blockers, statins, clot-busting drugs, angioplasty and bypass surgery. Complications can include arrhythmias, heart failure and heart rupture.
power point myocardial infaction
This document provides information about myocardial infarction (MI) or heart attack. It defines MI as reduced blood flow in a coronary artery due to atherosclerosis or blockage. MI is a leading cause of death. Risk factors include age, family history, smoking, hypertension, high cholesterol, diabetes and stress. Signs and symptoms include chest pain and shortness of breath. Diagnosis involves ECG, cardiac enzymes and angiography. Treatment includes aspirin, nitrates, beta blockers, statins, clot-busting drugs, angioplasty and bypass surgery. Complications can include arrhythmias, heart failure and heart rupture.
Heart disorders
This document summarizes several common heart disorders:
- Coronary heart disease is caused by plaque buildup in the coronary arteries, reducing blood flow to the heart. Atherosclerosis is a similar condition where plaques develop inside arterial walls.
- Chest pain called angina occurs due to insufficient blood supply to the heart. Arrhythmias happen when the heart's electrical system malfunctions, causing irregular heartbeats.
- Congestive heart failure occurs when the heart cannot pump enough blood to meet the body's needs. Other disorders discussed include stroke, myocardial infarction, hypotension, hypertension, rheumatic heart disease, and congenital heart disease. Risk factors and treatments are also outlined.
CARDIAC EMERGENCY
This document provides information about cardiac emergencies presented by Mrs. Shalini, an Assistant Professor of Nursing. It defines cardiac emergencies and lists the learning objectives. The major cardiac emergencies discussed include acute myocardial infarction, heart failure, sudden cardiac death, cardiac tamponade, hypertensive emergencies, and dysrhythmias. For each emergency, the document provides definitions, causes, signs and symptoms, diagnostic tests, management, and nursing care considerations.
myocardialinfarction
Myocardial infarction, also known as a heart attack, is caused by reduced blood flow to the heart muscle due to blockage of the coronary arteries, usually due to atherosclerosis. There are different types of infarcts defined by the location and thickness of the heart muscle involved. MI is a major cause of death in industrialized nations, accounting for 10-25% of all deaths, and is more common in elderly males. Risk factors include smoking, hypertension, diabetes, hyperlipidemia and family history. Symptoms include chest pain and discomfort, dyspnea, fatigue, nausea and sweating. Diagnosis involves cardiac enzyme levels, electrocardiogram changes and imaging tests. Treatment involves lifestyle changes, medications like
Coronary heart disease
Coronary heart disease is a condition caused by an inadequate blood supply to the heart muscle. It occurs when there is an imbalance between the heart's oxygen supply and demand. The main coronary arteries supply blood to the heart and can become narrowed or blocked by atherosclerosis.
Risk factors include age, male sex, family history, smoking, high cholesterol, hypertension, diabetes and obesity. Symptoms range from stable angina to acute coronary syndromes like heart attack. Diagnosis involves evaluating the medical history, symptoms, electrocardiogram and cardiac enzyme levels. Treatment depends on the type and severity of coronary heart disease.
Myocardial infarction
This document provides an overview of myocardial infarction (MI), also known as a heart attack. It defines MI as irreversible damage to the heart muscle caused by prolonged lack of oxygenated blood flow. The document outlines the types, epidemiology, causes, pathophysiology and clinical manifestations of MI. It also discusses the diagnostic criteria including cardiac enzymes, electrocardiogram changes and imaging tests. Finally, it summarizes the treatment approach for MI including both non-pharmacological and pharmacological management as well as revascularization procedures like angioplasty, stenting and bypass surgery.
myocardialinfarction-150223043527-conversion-gate02 (1).pdf
This document provides an overview of myocardial infarction (MI), also known as a heart attack. It defines MI as irreversible damage to the heart muscle caused by prolonged lack of oxygenated blood flow. The document outlines the types, epidemiology, causes, pathophysiology and clinical manifestations of MI. It also discusses the diagnostic criteria including cardiac enzymes, electrocardiogram changes and imaging tests. Finally, it summarizes the treatment approach for MI including both non-pharmacological and pharmacological management as well as revascularization procedures like angioplasty, stenting and bypass surgery.
Ischaemic Heart Disease(IHD)
Ischaemic heart disease (IHD), also known as coronary artery disease (CAD), is caused by an imbalance between the heart muscle's supply and demand for oxygenated blood. IHD is commonly caused by coronary atherosclerosis which leads to the narrowing or blockage of the coronary arteries and reduces blood flow. This can result in ischemia, infarction, and complications such as angina, myocardial infarction (MI), heart failure, and sudden cardiac death. MI occurs when an atherosclerotic plaque ruptures, causing a blood clot that blocks one of the coronary arteries and leads to cell death in the heart muscle. Diagnosis of MI involves clinical features, electrocardiogram changes, and elevated cardiac enzyme markers in the
Atherosclerosis Mi 2010
The document discusses coronary artery disease and myocardial infarction. It describes how atherosclerosis develops and causes blockages in the coronary arteries, reducing blood flow. This can lead to angina pectoris from insufficient blood flow during times of increased demand, or a myocardial infarction from complete blockage of an artery and death of heart tissue from oxygen deprivation. The clinical manifestations of both conditions are explained, along with risk factors, types of angina, healing after a myocardial infarction, and potential complications.
Atherosclerosis Mi Ppt March 2008 2006
Coronary artery disease and myocardial infarction are major causes of death in New Zealand. Coronary artery disease is usually caused by atherosclerosis, which involves the buildup of fatty deposits in the arteries and can reduce blood flow to the heart. A myocardial infarction occurs when an area of heart muscle dies due to an inadequate blood supply, usually resulting from a blockage in one of the coronary arteries. Common symptoms of a heart attack include chest pain, shortness of breath, nausea, and feelings of anxiety.
Pericardial Disease
The document summarizes pericardial diseases. It discusses the anatomy and physiology of the pericardium, acute pericarditis including symptoms, diagnosis and treatment, and pericardial effusion and tamponade. Acute pericarditis is usually self-limited and treated with NSAIDs. Larger effusions may require hospitalization. Pericardial effusion can progress to tamponade, where fluid accumulation compresses the heart and impairs filling.
Rheumatic heart disease
This document provides information about rheumatic heart disease. It begins with definitions, noting it is a chronic condition resulting from rheumatic fever which involves scarring and deformity of the heart valves. Incidence is higher among those from poor socioeconomic backgrounds living in crowded, damp places. The disease is caused by group A beta-hemolytic streptococcus infection leading to rheumatic fever. This causes inflammation of the heart valves and formation of vegetations, resulting in valvular damage and potential heart failure. Clinical manifestations and treatments are also summarized.
Ppcm Case Study
Cardiomyopathies are a group of diseases that affect the myocardium of the heart. They can be classified into different types including dilated, hypertrophic, restrictive, and arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy. Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy is a familial condition characterized by unexplained thickening of the left ventricular wall and septum without an identifiable cause. It is one of the leading causes of sudden cardiac death.
Cardiomyopathy.pptx
Cardiomyopathy is a disease of the heart muscle that affects its structure and ability to pump blood effectively. There are several classifications of cardiomyopathy including dilated, hypertrophic, restrictive, arrhythmogenic right ventricular, and unclassified. The document discusses the definitions, incidence, classifications, etiologies, pathophysiology, clinical features, diagnostic studies, and management of the different types of cardiomyopathy.
Similar to Myocardial Infarction.pptx (20)
Cardiomyopathiesclassification,oetiology and treatment
Cardiomyopathiesclassification,oetiology and treatment
myocardialinfarction-150223043527-conversion-gate02 (1).pdf
myocardialinfarction-150223043527-conversion-gate02 (1).pdf
Recently uploaded
Cell Therapy Expansion and Challenges in Autoimmune Disease
There is increasing confidence that cell therapies will soon play a role in the treatment of autoimmune disorders, but the extent of this impact remains to be seen. Early readouts on autologous CAR-Ts in lupus are encouraging, but manufacturing and cost limitations are likely to restrict access to highly refractory patients. Allogeneic CAR-Ts have the potential to broaden access to earlier lines of treatment due to their inherent cost benefits, however they will need to demonstrate comparable or improved efficacy to established modalities.
In addition to infrastructure and capacity constraints, CAR-Ts face a very different risk-benefit dynamic in autoimmune compared to oncology, highlighting the need for tolerable therapies with low adverse event risk. CAR-NK and Treg-based therapies are also being developed in certain autoimmune disorders and may demonstrate favorable safety profiles. Several novel non-cell therapies such as bispecific antibodies, nanobodies, and RNAi drugs, may also offer future alternative competitive solutions with variable value propositions.
Widespread adoption of cell therapies will not only require strong efficacy and safety data, but also adapted pricing and access strategies. At oncology-based price points, CAR-Ts are unlikely to achieve broad market access in autoimmune disorders, with eligible patient populations that are potentially orders of magnitude greater than the number of currently addressable cancer patients. Developers have made strides towards reducing cell therapy COGS while improving manufacturing efficiency, but payors will inevitably restrict access until more sustainable pricing is achieved.
Despite these headwinds, industry leaders and investors remain confident that cell therapies are poised to address significant unmet need in patients suffering from autoimmune disorders. However, the extent of this impact on the treatment landscape remains to be seen, as the industry rapidly approaches an inflection point.
Journal Article Review on Rasamanikya
Rasamanikya is a excellent preparation in the field of Rasashastra, it is used in various Kushtha Roga, Shwasa, Vicharchika, Bhagandara, Vatarakta, and Phiranga Roga. In this article Preparation& Comparative analytical profile for both Formulationon i.e Rasamanikya prepared by Kushmanda swarasa & Churnodhaka Shodita Haratala. The study aims to provide insights into the comparative efficacy and analytical aspects of these formulations for enhanced therapeutic outcomes.
NVBDCP.pptx Nation vector borne disease control program
NVBDCP was launched in 2003-2004 . Vector-Borne Disease: Disease that results from an infection transmitted to humans and other animals by blood-feeding arthropods, such as mosquitoes, ticks, and fleas. Examples of vector-borne diseases include Dengue fever, West Nile Virus, Lyme disease, and malaria.
Top-Vitamin-Supplement-Brands-in-India List
Swisschem Dermacare provides the Top 10 Vitamin Supplement Brands in India. To know more about us give us call at our official number
Basavarajeeyam - Ayurvedic heritage book of Andhra pradesh
Basavarajeeyam is an important text for ayurvedic physician belonging to andhra pradehs. It is a popular compendium in various parts of our country as well as in andhra pradesh. The content of the text was presented in sanskrit and telugu language (Bilingual). One of the most famous book in ayurvedic pharmaceutics and therapeutics. This book contains 25 chapters called as prakaranas. Many rasaoushadis were explained, pioneer of dhatu druti, nadi pareeksha, mutra pareeksha etc. Belongs to the period of 15-16 century. New diseases like upadamsha, phiranga rogas are explained.
Efficacy of Avartana Sneha in Ayurveda
Avartana Sneha is a unique method of Preparation of Sneha Kalpana in Ayurveda, mainly it is indicated for the Vataja rogas.
ABDOMINAL TRAUMA in pediatrics part one.
Abdominal trauma in pediatrics refers to injuries or damage to the abdominal organs in children. It can occur due to various causes such as falls, motor vehicle accidents, sports-related injuries, and physical abuse. Children are more vulnerable to abdominal trauma due to their unique anatomical and physiological characteristics. Signs and symptoms include abdominal pain, tenderness, distension, vomiting, and signs of shock. Diagnosis involves physical examination, imaging studies, and laboratory tests. Management depends on the severity and may involve conservative treatment or surgical intervention. Prevention is crucial in reducing the incidence of abdominal trauma in children.
#cALL# #gIRLS# In Dehradun ꧁❤8107221448❤꧂#cALL# #gIRLS# Service In Dehradun W...
#cALL# #gIRLS# In Dehradun ꧁❤8107221448❤꧂#cALL# #gIRLS# Service In Dehradun W...chandankumarsmartiso
#cALL# #gIRLS# In Dehradun ꧁❤8107221448❤꧂#cALL# #gIRLS# Service In Dehradun Women Seeking Service
Hemodialysis: Chapter 4, Dialysate Circuit - Dr.Gawad
- Video recording of this lecture in English language: https://youtu.be/kqbnxVAZs-0
- Video recording of this lecture in Arabic language: https://youtu.be/SINlygW1Mpc
- Link to download the book free: https://nephrotube.blogspot.com/p/nephrotube-nephrology-books.html
- Link to NephroTube website: www.NephroTube.com
- Link to NephroTube social media accounts: https://nephrotube.blogspot.com/p/join-nephrotube-on-social-media.html
The Electrocardiogram - Physiologic Principles
These lecture slides, by Dr Sidra Arshad, offer a quick overview of the physiological basis of a normal electrocardiogram.
Learning objectives:
1. Define an electrocardiogram (ECG) and electrocardiography
2. Describe how dipoles generated by the heart produce the waveforms of the ECG
3. Describe the components of a normal electrocardiogram of a typical bipolar lead (limb II)
4. Differentiate between intervals and segments
5. Enlist some common indications for obtaining an ECG
6. Describe the flow of current around the heart during the cardiac cycle
7. Discuss the placement and polarity of the leads of electrocardiograph
8. Describe the normal electrocardiograms recorded from the limb leads and explain the physiological basis of the different records that are obtained
9. Define mean electrical vector (axis) of the heart and give the normal range
10. Define the mean QRS vector
11. Describe the axes of leads (hexagonal reference system)
12. Comprehend the vectorial analysis of the normal ECG
13. Determine the mean electrical axis of the ventricular QRS and appreciate the mean axis deviation
14. Explain the concepts of current of injury, J point, and their significance
Study Resources:
1. Chapter 11, Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th edition
2. Chapter 9, Human Physiology - From Cells to Systems, Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition
3. Chapter 29, Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology, 26th edition
4. Electrocardiogram, StatPearls - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK549803/
5. ECG in Medical Practice by ABM Abdullah, 4th edition
6. Chapter 3, Cardiology Explained, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK2214/
7. ECG Basics, http://www.nataliescasebook.com/tag/e-c-g-basics
Phone Us ❤8107221448❤ #ℂall #gIRLS In Dehradun By Dehradun @ℂall @Girls Hotel...
Phone Us ❤8107221448❤ #ℂall #gIRLS In Dehradun By Dehradun @ℂall @Girls Hotel...chandankumarsmartiso
Phone Us ❤8107221448❤ #ℂall #gIRLS In Dehradun By Dehradun @ℂall @Girls Hotel With 100% Satisfaction
Osteoporosis - Definition , Evaluation and Management .pdf
Osteoporosis is an increasing cause of morbidity among the elderly.
In this document , a brief outline of osteoporosis is given , including the risk factors of osteoporosis fractures , the indications for testing bone mineral density and the management of osteoporosis
Integrating Ayurveda into Parkinson’s Management: A Holistic Approach
Explore the benefits of combining Ayurveda with conventional Parkinson's treatments. Learn how a holistic approach can manage symptoms, enhance well-being, and balance body energies. Discover the steps to safely integrate Ayurvedic practices into your Parkinson’s care plan, including expert guidance on diet, herbal remedies, and lifestyle modifications.
Recently uploaded (20)
Cell Therapy Expansion and Challenges in Autoimmune Disease
Cell Therapy Expansion and Challenges in Autoimmune Disease
Vestibulocochlear Nerve by Dr. Rabia Inam Gandapore.pptx
Vestibulocochlear Nerve by Dr. Rabia Inam Gandapore.pptx
NVBDCP.pptx Nation vector borne disease control program
NVBDCP.pptx Nation vector borne disease control program
Basavarajeeyam - Ayurvedic heritage book of Andhra pradesh
Basavarajeeyam - Ayurvedic heritage book of Andhra pradesh
#cALL# #gIRLS# In Dehradun ꧁❤8107221448❤꧂#cALL# #gIRLS# Service In Dehradun W...
#cALL# #gIRLS# In Dehradun ꧁❤8107221448❤꧂#cALL# #gIRLS# Service In Dehradun W...
Hemodialysis: Chapter 4, Dialysate Circuit - Dr.Gawad
Hemodialysis: Chapter 4, Dialysate Circuit - Dr.Gawad
Phone Us ❤8107221448❤ #ℂall #gIRLS In Dehradun By Dehradun @ℂall @Girls Hotel...
Phone Us ❤8107221448❤ #ℂall #gIRLS In Dehradun By Dehradun @ℂall @Girls Hotel...
Tests for analysis of different pharmaceutical.pptx
Tests for analysis of different pharmaceutical.pptx
Osteoporosis - Definition , Evaluation and Management .pdf
Osteoporosis - Definition , Evaluation and Management .pdf
Integrating Ayurveda into Parkinson’s Management: A Holistic Approach
Integrating Ayurveda into Parkinson’s Management: A Holistic Approach
Myocardial Infarction.pptx
- 1. Myocardial Infarction Dr. Nimra Wazeer PT DPT (UMT)
- 2. Contents: Definition Types of infarcts Epidemiology Etiology Etiopathogenesis Pathophysiology Clinical manifestation Diagnosis Management: Non- Pharmacological Pharmacological
- 3. Myocardial Infarction: MI is defined as a diseased condition which is caused by reduced blood flow in a coronary artery due to atherosclerosis & occlusion of an artery by an embolus or thrombus. MI or heart attack is the irreversible damage of myocardial tissue caused by prolonged Ischemia & Hypoxia.
- 5. Types of infarcts: According to anatomic region of left ventricle involved: Anterior Posterior Lateral Septal Circumferential Combinations: Anterolateral, Posterolateral, Anteroseptal According to degree of thickness of ventricular wall involved: Transmural (Full thickness) Laminar (Sub endocardial) According to age of infarcts: Newly formed (acute, recent, fresh) Advanced infarcts (old, healed)
- 6. Epidemiology: In Industrial countries MI count for 10-25% of all deaths. Incidence is higher in elderly people, about 5% occurs in people under age 40. Males have higher risk. Women during reproductive period have low risk. Over last 30 years, the rate of diseases increased from 2-6% in rural population and 4-12 % in urban population.
- 7. Etiology: Tobacco smoking Hypertension Drug abuse Obesity Stress Alcohol Age Gender Diabetes Hyperlipoproteinemia Family history Hyperhomocysteinemia Chronic kidney diseases
- 8. Etiopathogenesis: Mechanism of myocardial ischemia. Role of platelets Acute plaque rupture Non atherosclerotic causes Transmural versus subendocardial infarcts
- 10. Clinical manifestation: Chest pain/Chest discomfort Dyspnea Fatigue Other symptoms include: Increased sweating Weakness Nausea Vomiting Light headedness Palpitation Anxiety, sleeplessness, hypertension or hypotension, arrhythmia Chest pain is less in women, their common symptoms are weakness, fatigue & dyspnea
- 11. Complications: Arrhythmia Cardiogenic shock (10%) Congestive heart failure Thromboembolism Rupture (5%) Cardiac aneurism (5%) Pericarditis
- 12. Diagnosis: Clinical features: Pain Indigestion Apprehension Shock Lower grade fever Serum cardiac markers: Creatinine phosphokinase (CK) Lactic dehydrogenase (LDH) Cardiac specific troponins (cTn)
- 13. ECG changes: ST segment elevation T wave inversion Appearance of wide deep Q waves Magnetic resonance imaging Angiography Positron emission tomography (PET Scan) Chest Xray
- 14. Management: Non- Pharmacological: Counselling and education of patients Life style measures Smoking cessation Avoid alcohol intake Diet and nutrition Salt restriction
- 15. Pharmacological: Thrombolytic agents Anticoagulants Antiplatelet agents Antihypertensive agents Lipid lowering drugs Vasodilators Others Analgesics Antiulcer drugs Antidepressants
- 19. Thank You