The lesson plan aims to teach students about mutation and genetic disorders over 30 minutes. Students will learn about different types of mutations like aneuploidy, and genetic disorders resulting from mutations like Down syndrome, Edward's syndrome, and Patau syndrome. Activities include a commercial identification game, discussion of pictures showing genetic disorders, and students constructing a mnemonic about respecting those with genetic conditions. The lesson concludes with a student essay assignment on views about euthanasia for genetic disorders.

1. Semi-detailed Lesson Plan in Biology
I. Objectives
At the end of the 30-minute discussion, students should be able to:
 determine the different types of mutation;
 explain the differences among types of mutations; and
 speak out the importance of respecting persons with genetic disorders.
II. Subject Matter
A. Topic : Mutation
B. Reference : learngenetics.com
C. Materials : Powerpoint Presentation, Illustration Boards, Manila paper, markers
III. Procedure
A. Routine Activities
1. Prayer
2. Food for Thought
3. Greetings
4. Checking of Attendance
5. BioBits (Trivia of the Day)
6. Drill
Whose Comm. Is It?
The class will be divided into three (3) groups. Pictures of product commercials
will be flashed on the screen and the students should be able to identify whose
commercial is it? Answers will be written on the illustration boards provided, the group
with the highest score wins the game.
Commercial Answer
Surf

2. Ponds Men
Fita
Lucky Me
McDonalds
5. Review
DNA or deoxyribonucleic acid is a double helix strand that dictates the
appearance of an organism, it is carried by the chromosomes which are found inside the
nucleus, a normal human has 23 pairs of it for a total of 46 chromosomes.
B. Motivation
Pictures of McDo’s commercial showing a person with Down syndrome will be flashed
on the screen, the students will be asked the following questions:
1. How does the brother treat his sibling with Down syndrome?
2. If you will be put in the same situation as the person with Down Syndrome, how
would you feel?

3. C. Lesson Proper
Task 1.Using a chart showing variances in the DNA Sequence and chromosome number,
Inferences will be drawn from the students on what is mutation.
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6 7 8 9 10
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Mutation
It is any alteration in the genome sequence of the DNA
Aneuploidy
It is a mutation that resulted in the variation of number of
chromosomes. There may be deleted parts or sets and even over replication of a
part or the entire set of chromosomes.
Task 2: Using illustrations of aneuploidy(included in the powerpoint), the teacher will ask
the students to describe the types of aneuploidy according to the number of chromosomes.
2 7 9 15

4. Types of Aneuploidy
Nullisomy – it is the deletion of the entire set of chromosomes
Monosomy – it is the deletion of a single chromosome of the set
Trisomy – it is the excess production of a single chromosome resulting
into 3 chromosomes.
Tetrasomy – the entire set of chromosomes is replicated producing four
chromosomes.
Task 3: With the help of pictures in a Powerpoint presentation, the following topics will
be presented deductively.
Mutation in Humans
Down syndrome
 also known as trisomy 21
 associated with physical growth delays
 distinctive facial features and mild to moderate intellectual disability
 low average IQ
Edward’s syndrome
 trisomy 18
 kidney malformations
 protruding intestines
 structural heart defects
 developmental delays
Patau syndrome
 trisomy 13
 multiple and complex organ defects
Monosomy 7
 early childhood onset of evidence of bone marrow insufficiency
 nearly all individuals with monosomy 7 have died
Tetrasomy 18
 multiple medical and developmental concerns
 feeding difficulties
 respiratory difficulties
 jaundice
Pallister-Killian syndrome
 tetrasomy 12
 developmental disability
 vision and hearing impairments

5. D. Generalization
Mutation is any alteration in the DNA. Aneuploidy is any variance from the normal
number of chromosomes, they are: nullisomy, monosomy, trisomy and tetrasomy. The most
common types of mutation among humans are: Down syndrome, Edward’s syndrome, Patau
syndrome, Monosomy 7, Tetrasomy 18 and Pallister-Killian syndrome.
E. Application
The class will be divided into four(4) groups. They will be asked to construct a
mnemonics of the word RESPECT. Manila paper will be provided for them to write their works.
IV. Evaluation
Direction: Match the items in column A with the items in column B.
A
1. Mutation
2. Aneuploidy
3. Nullisomy
4. Trisomy
5. Down syndrome
6. Edward’s syndrome
7. Patau syndrome
8. Monosomy 7
9. Tetrasomy 18
10. Pallister-Killian syndrome
B
a. tetrasomy 12
b. any variation in the number of
chromosomes
c. jaundice
d. deletion of the entire set of
chromosomes
e. trisomy 18
f. Trisomy 13
g. any alteration in the DNA
h. presence of an extra chromosome
i. bone marrow insufficiency
j. also known as trisomy 21
k. over replication of the entire set of
chromosomes
V. Assignment
Direction: On a one whole sheet of paper, write an essay of not less than 100 words about your
opinion about euthanasia or mercy killing on persons or babies with genetic disorders.
Prepared by:
Jan del Rosario