The document discusses the use of MRI in assessing female pelvic organs and genitourinary conditions. MRI provides detailed images of the uterus, ovaries, and surrounding tissues. It can accurately diagnose adenomyosis, uterine anomalies, and characterize fibroids and ovarian cysts. MRI is also useful for staging cervical, endometrial, and ovarian cancers by identifying the extent of tumor invasion and spread to nearby organs or lymph nodes. Due to its safety during pregnancy, MRI can also evaluate obstetric complications and differentiate between benign and malignant tumors that may complicate pregnancy.

1. Prof. M.C.Bansal.
Founder Principal & Controller;
Jhalawar Medical College And Hospital, Jhalawar.
Ex . Founder Principal & Controller;
Mahatma Gandhi Medical College And Hospital,
Sitapura , jaipur.

2.  MRI is one of the great , clinically very useful
modern advances in the field of imaging in
medical science.
 Radio frequency pulses are directed at living
body tissue/ Organ in magnetic field , the tissue
emits back(reflected )the modulated
radiofrequency signals which are used to
construct the image of emitting tissue or organ.
 By varying the time of application of
radiofrequency pulses and sampling the emitted
signals,T1 &T2- weighted images are obtained.

3.  Different tissues appear with different
intensity and brightness in T1 and T2 images.
 Depending upon their molecular morphology
different tissue emit variable radiofrequency
signals—hence different intensity and
brightness.
 Paramagnetic contrast agents like
Gadolinium- DTPA are used for better
delineation ( demarcation ) of adjoining
tissue / organs.

4.  Study of normal uterus and adnexa – with
aim to have clear image of normal
myometrium, endometrium , ovary and
follicles within the ovary.
 Myoma—to differentiate myoma from
adenomyoma.localization of myoma—sub
serous/ intra mural or sub mucous.
 Adenomyosis---accurate diagnosis.
 Congenital uterovaginal anomalies—
bicornuate, septate,subseptate ,
unicornuate, didelphys ,rudimentary horn
and vaginal atrasia etc

5.  Gynaecological cancers---
1. Cervical cancer –extent of parametrium
and pelvic organs , pelvic L.N., Endocervical.
2.Endometrial cancer –Myometrial
invasion, downward extension to cervix.
3. ovarian cancer—malignant versus
benign mass, ascites , retroperitoneal node >
1cm , Bowel bladder , ano rectal . Parietal
peritoneum , liver and or omental
metastasis.
4. Pregnancy --- complicated by genital
cancers

6.  MRI is most sensitive for diagnosis of Adenomyosis.
 MRI Is more accurate and informative in diagnosis of
congenital malformation of genito-urinary tract.
 Retroparitoneal lymph node > 1cm can be identified
so also such small deposits on bowel / bladder liver
can be identified in cases of cancers.
 It is more sensitive and accurate tool to assess
infiltration of myometrial/ cervical wall, adjoining
organs and parametrium --thus helps in pre
operative staging of genital carcinomas.
 As it is safe in pregnancy –it is useful in diagnosis of
obstetrical conditions as well s differentiation of
tumors (benign / malignant ) complicating pregnancy.

7. Uterus
Cervix
Vagina
Rectum
Sacrum

8. Normal- Uterus

13. A
B

16. UTERUS ----DIDELPHYS

24. Ovarian Endometriomaa

36. Degeneration Of Fibroid

38. Cystic Degeneration of
Fibroid

42. Endometrial
Ca
Endo-ca—
extending in
cervical canal
Pelvic Nodes

48. Ca CX –
Extending to
Bladder Uterus

51. MRI-----Bilateral ovaries with PCOD changes

57. Ovarian Tumor

60. Dermoid Cyst

68. MRI---Pituitary adenoma (A) MRI– Pituitary fosa after surgery of
macroadenoma
empty
Fosa

71. MRI Normal Fetal Brain at Term

73. -MRI—Ft Fetus
Wth
Diaphragmatic
Hrenia(arrows)