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Movement disorders in Children 2022.pdf
1. Movement disorders
in Children
Types, Clinical Presentation, Diagnosis, Management
Prof. Imran Iqbal
Fellowship in Pediatric Neurology (Australia)
Prof of Paediatrics (2003-2018)
Prof of Pediatrics Emeritus, CHICH
Prof of Pediatrics, CIMS
Multan, Pakistan
2. (God Almighty revealed to Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) for all mankind)
Alif, Lam, Ra. These are the verses of the clear Book.
Indeed, We have sent it down as an Arabic Quran,
so that you may understand.
We narrate to you, the best of stories
The Holy Quran surah Yusuf 12:1 - 3
Al- Quran
3. A new Muslim from Tamil Nadu, India says:
“You people have
Wonderful Amazing Book (Quran)
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World must read this (Quran)”
8. Ataxia
Definition
• Inability to make smooth, accurate, coordinated movements
• Usually due to dysfunction of Cerebellum or its connections
9. Ataxia
Clinical Presentation
• Broad based gait
• Falls in walking
• Clumsiness of hand movements
• Difficult fine movements
• Dysmetria (lack of precision in movements)
• Intention tremors
• Dysarthria
• Nystagmus
10. Ataxia
Clinical Types
• Motor Ataxia – (with open eyes)
Cerebellum and its connections
• Differentiate from:
• Sensory Ataxia – (with closed eyes only)
Posterior columns (proprioceptive sensations)
14. Acute Cerebellar Ataxia
• Age – One to three years
• Sudden onset of severe ataxia
• Post - viral illness (Varicella)
• Auto-immune response
• Improves spontaneously in weeks to months
• Corticosteroids may help in recovery
27. Chorea
• Involuntary movements
• Semi-purposive
• Random
• Variable movements
• Movements at rest
• Movements usually involve peripheral parts of body
• Inability to maintain static posture
34. Tics (Stereotype Movements)
• Motor movements or Vocalisations
• Involuntary, abrupt, repetitive, non-rhythmic
• Simple or complex
• Can be suppressed by voluntary effort
• often associated with other Behavior disorders