Here is a concept map for the key terms and names: Enlightenment | |- Philosophes (Voltaire, Montesquieu, Rousseau) challenged divine right of kings | |- Emphasized reason, science, individual rights | |- Social contract | |- Governments derive power from consent of governed | |- Protect natural rights to life, liberty, property | |- Separation of powers | |- Legislative, executive, judicial branches check each other | |- Representative government | |- Citizens elect leaders rather than rule directly | |- Federal system | |- Balance national and

1. Modern World
History
2014
SECTION 1:
THE LEGACY OF
ANCIENT GREECE AND
ROME

2. Athens
Builds a
Democracy

3. TYPES OF GOVERNMENT
M
o
n
a
r
c
h
y
Aristocracy
Oligarchy Democracy

6. BUILDING A DEMOCRACY
 Athens = largest city-state
 Citizens (adult male
residents) help in
government
 Economic troubles
cause many poor
farmers to sell
themselves into slavery

7. REFORMS OF SOLON
 Solon- 594 BC
 Outlawed debtors’
slavery
 Canceled farmers’ debts
 Citizenship based on
wealth
 Council of 400
 Still a limited
democracy  1/10th
could participate

8. REFORMS OF CLEISTHENES
 Cleisthenes, 508 BC
 “Found of democracy in
Athens”
 Balanced power of rich
and poor
 Council of 500
 Council members
chosen at random
 Limited Democracy
1/5th are citizens

9. PERICLES STRENGTHENS DEMOCRACY
 Pericles – 461-429 BC
 Pays jurors
 Creates a more direct
democracy
 Citizens rule and
make laws directly
(not through
representatives)

10.  Standards in
government and
philosophy
 1st to develop three
branches of government
 Legislative
Executive
 Judicial
LEGACY OF GREECE

11. ROME DEVELOPS A REPUBLIC
 Republic – form of gov.
where citizens can elect
people who make
decisions for them
Political Struggles
 Plebians – commoners
 Patricians – inherited
power and social status

12. ROMAN GOVERNMENT DEVELOPS
 Twelve Tables (written
legal code)
 Roman rule expands,
and problems follow
 Civil war
Rule of dictators
 27 BC, Rome falls
under rule of Emperor

13. EMPEROR JUSTINIAN
Emperor Justinian
 528 AD
 Compiled all Roman law
into four books
 Became a guide for
modern European
governments

14.  Judaism
(Israelites/Jews/Hebre
ws) began in a corner of
Southeast Asia
 Christianity emerges
from Judaism in approx.
20 AD
 Spreads through the
Roman Empire
SECTION 2
JUDAISM & CHRISTIANITY

15. SPREAD OF CHRISTIANITY
Christianity spreads
through the Roman
Empire
 Exiled (“Christ the
King” is a dangerous
term)
All roads lead to Rome
(common
language/trade
routes/large area of
control)

16. CHRISTIANITY IS ACCEPTED IN EUROPE
Emperors, starting
with Constantine,
adopted the religion
around 300 AD
 “Holy Roman Empire”
 “Roman Catholic
Church”

17. PRINCIPLES THAT
LATER AFFECT GOV.
1. Duty of the
individual and
community to
combat oppression
2. Worth of the
individual
3. Equality of people
before God

18. RENAISSANCE & REFORMATION
Key Term Meaning
Renaissance
Individualism
Reformation

19. LEGACY OF THE REFORMATION &
RENAISSANCE
Challenged the
authority of
monarchs &
popes
Indirectly helped
the growth of
democracy
Calling believers
to read Bible for
themselves
Increased
literacy
Exposed to more
than just
religious ideas
Placed more
importance on the
individual

20. SECTION 3
Democracy
Develops in
England

21. SECTION 3: MAIN IDEA
England develops
democratic
institutions that
limit monarchy

22. REFORMS IN ENGLAND
 Battle of Hastings (1066)
 Normans + Anglo-Saxons
 Henry II
Ruled from 1154-1189
 Jury trials
 Jury answered questions
about the accused
Decisions set precedents
Common Law – customs and
principles over time

23. ENGLISH MONARCHY BEFORE THE
MAGNA CARTA
King Henry II
1154-1189
King Richard
(The Lion Heart)
1189-1199
King John
1199-1216

24. THE MAGNA CARTA
King John
Demands money for
war with France
Raises taxes
Abuses power
1215  nobles rebel
and demand a
written contract
Magna Carta

25. 63 Clauses
THE MAGNA CARTA
 2 “Basic Rights”
 Popular consent before
taxation
 Due Process of the Law
Parliament
 England’s national
legislature

26. THE MODEL PARLIAMENT
 King Edward I (John’s grandson) calls the Model Parliament
 Knights, nobles, and burgesses
 Leads to the House of Commons & the House of Lords

27. PARLIAMENT VS MONARCHY
ROUND 1. DING-DING.
 “Power of the Purse”
 Esp. House of the
Common
Monarchy declares
divine right
Chosen by God,
answerable only to
God
Absolutism

28. THE STUART KINGS
Queen Elizabeth I
dies in 1603
The Stuarts, a
Scottish royal family,
is the next in line
Believe in divine right
King James VI  King
James I (1603-1625)
 Clashes with English
Parliament (see next
slide)

29. KING JAMES I VS. PARLIAMENT
1. Puritans want
change
2. Uses the Star
Chamber (royal vs.
common law)
3. Money troubles
(Elizabeth’s debts,
wars, and a lavish
court)

30. KING CHARLES I AGGRAVATES
PARLIAMENT
 King James’ son,
King Charles I, reign
begins in 1625
1628 – signs the
Petition of Rights in
exchange for money
 Ignores documents
and dismisses
Parliament until
1640

31. ENGLISH CIVIL WAR - 1642
Charles I loses his
head in 1649
Oliver Cromwell
founds the
“Commonwealth of
England”
1653 – Lord Protector.
Basically, a
dictatorship
Dies in 1658

32. THE RESTORATION
1660 – Parliament
asks Charles I’s son
to take the throne
King Charles II
(1660-d.1685)
1679 – Habeas Corpus
 Arrested person must be
presented in court, know
what they’re accused of,
and have a trial

33. THE GLORIOUS REVOLUTION
King James II (1685-
1689)
 Catholic, divine right
 Parliament fears Catholic
rule, asks Mary and her
husband, William of
Orange, to overthrow her
father
 Establish a
Constitutional
Monarchy
 English Bill of Rights
(1689)

34. SECTION 4
The
Enl ightenment
and Democrat ic
Revolut ions
Create a word/concept map for these
key terms and names
• Enlightenment
• Social contract
• Natural rights
• Separation of powers
• Representative government
• Federal system
• United Nations