This document provides information about different types of modern looms. It begins with introducing the presenters and then defines a loom as a device used for weaving fabrics. It proceeds to describe several types of modern shuttleless looms - rapier, air jet, water jet, and projectile looms. For each loom type, it discusses their key features, mechanisms, advantages, and applications. Multiphase looms, which allow continuous weft insertion through ever-changing warp sheds, are also briefly covered.

1. WELCOME TO OUR
PRESENTATION
1. MD. IBRAHIM KHALILULLAH -123-23-
3123
2. TAMIM AHSAN - 131-23-3517
3. AHM FARHAN -122-23-3045

2. OUR PRESENTATION TOPICS
Modern loom

3. WHAT IS LOOM??
A loom is a device used to produce weave
fabrics . It’s the central point of the whole
process of fabric production. In the other
word loom is a mechanism or tool used for
weaving yarn and thread into textile.

4. MODERN LOOM
Modern loom means Shuttle less loom. Its
development during the 20th century. Several
types of modern loom have Come for industrial
use.

6. TYPES OF MODERN LOOM
a)Rapier
b)Air Jet
c)Water jet
d)Projectile

7. RAPIER LOOM
• Rapier loom is a shuttle less weaving loom in which
the filling yarn is carried through the shed of warp
yarns to the other side of the loom by finger like
carriers called rapiers.

8. FEATURES
• Fancy fabric produced
• Production costly
• Power consumption moderate
• Simple mechanism
• Suitable for weft patterning
• Standard rapier width 190 cm.
• Production speed 200-260 ppm

9. It is the main part of rapier loom
It is used insted of shuttle
Shuttle
Exit Gripper
Enter Gripper

10. •
PICKING MECHANISM
 The rapier head on creel side
picks up yarn from designated
cone and is carried towards
centre of warp shed by the rod.
 Simultaneously the matching
rapier head from opposite side
moves in, as shown in the
central diagram.
 The picking cycle is completed
when both rapiers retreat to
their original position.

11. •
SINGLE RAPIER DOUBLE RAPIER

12. AIR JET LOOM
• Air jet weaving loom is that, at which jet of air is used to propel the
weft yarn through the shed at a speed of up to 600 ppm.

13. FEATURES
• Weft yarn insertion us done by air force.
• Finer count of yarn is used as the weft thread to produce fancy type of fabric.
Advantages:
o Higher production capacity.
• High quality and complex design fabric can produce
o Automatic pick repairing
o Heavier yarns are suitable for air jet looms
Disadvantages:
• Loose pick.
• Need too high nozzle pressure.
o Power consumption dew to compressed air
o Lighter fabrics are very difficult to control through shed
o Too heavy yarns also can't be carried across the loom by air jet

14. Weaving system
• The air jet weaving machine are supplied with compressed air
maintained from central source
• The preparation of the air before its distribution of the air to
the individual weaving machine through a valve system
• Filtering
• Compressing
• Cooling
• Drying
• Air tank

15. WATER JET LOOM
• A water Jet is the machine for weaving cloth (loom) which
use a Jet of Water to insert the weft (crosswise threads)
into the warp (length wise threads) The force of air water
carriers the yarn from one side to the other.

17. FEATURES
• This type of loom is suitable for non absorbent fibre like synthetic fabric
• Less power consumption -
• Highest west insertion (600 ppm)
• weft yarn package weight 3,6-4, 1 kg
• Treated water are used by pump nozzle
Advantage:
• Less power consumption
• Production rate is high
• Noise level is lower then missile and rapier loom
• This type of loom is suitable for non absorbent fibre like synthetic fibre
Disadvantage:
• Not suitable for absorbent fibre like cotton)
• By hard water may form rust on the yarn.

18. PROJECTILE LOOM
• Projectile loom is a shuttle less loom. It is sometimes called missile loom as the picking
action is done by a series of small bullet like projectiles which hold the weft yarn and
carry it through the shed and then return empty. Projectile loom has a high speed
production than the rapier loom.
•

19. FEATURE
• Accommodator used reduce tension
• Power consumption is less (3 kw-hrs.)
• No.of projectile 11 to 17
• Width minimum 190 cm
• Width maximum 540 cm Multiple fabric produce
• Double beam single fabric can be produced in projectile

20. METHOD
• The method of moving the reed and the
projectile track differs from a conventional
automatic loom mainly in two respects.
• The method of insertion of weft into the warp
shed
• The method of moving the reed and the
projectile track

21. ADVANTAGES OF PROJECTILE LOOM
• Fashionable fabric may produce
• Drawing-in pinning of drop wires and knotting are accepted prectice
• The west and warp stop motions actuate first and reliable
• Simple to operate and maintain
• Two or three cloths can be woven simultaneously.
• It is possible to achieve weaving performances with breakage rate per
square meter of cloth. 50% of the number of breaks that would occur
on a conventional loom
• Since the projectile is passing through guides there is no reed to
projectile or projectile to yarn contact.

22. MULTIPHASE LOOM
The phase number of a loom is defined as the average
number of shuttles or weft carriers inserting weft
simultaneously. It is shown that existing multi-phase
loom must have high phase numbers to compensate for
their low shuttle velocity.

23. FEATURE
o Continuous weft insertion occurs in multiphase loom.
o Required an ever-changing warp shed, which is sometimes called wave-
shedding.
o There are usually four but occasionally six sets of sectional harness for each
shuttle, and each set requires a cam unit to drive the harness.
o In circular loom each cam unit is mounted on it’s own short shaft.
o Since each shaft must be connected to its adjacent shafts by bevel gears.
o Four sets of harness is required for 2/2 twill.

24. ADVANTAGE
1. An analysis of the factors determining the weft-insertion rate of
weaving machines shows that these factors are essentially the same
on all looms.
2. Its advantages include high efficiency, high speed and low
weaving cost.
3. The multiphase loom can form many different sheds at different
places, thereby enabling insertion of number of filling yarns, one
behind The other .

25. •