The presentation by Abdullah Al Rakib Shikder covers the fundamentals of looms, detailing various loom types, including shuttle looms and shuttleless options such as rapier, projectile, air jet, and water jet looms. It discusses the motions involved in weaving, comparisons of different loom types based on production speed and efficiency, and the limitations of each loom design. The future development section highlights advancements in machine design, automation, and energy efficiency.

1. Welcome to My
Presentation
Presented By
Abdullah Al Rakib Shikder
Lecturer
Department of Textile Engineering
Mawlana Bhashani Science and Technology University
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2. Content of the Presentation
 Introduction
 Motions of Loom
 Picking
 Types of Loom
 Comparison
 Rapier Loom
 Projectile Loom
 Air Jet Loom
 Water Jet Loom
 Future Development
Presentation On
Introduction to Shuttle ess Loom
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3. Introduction
 Machine
 Woven fabric
 Warp & weft yarn
Loom
Fig. Wooden loom
Fig. Pedal loom
Fig. Garments 3

4. Motions of Loom
1) Primary motions
a) Shedding
b) Picking
c) Beating up
2) Secondary motions
a) Let off motion
b) Take up motion
3) Tertiary motions
 Warp stop motion, Weft stop
motion, Warp protector motion,
 Weft mixing motion, Feeler motion,
Break motion,
 Weft replenishment motion etc.
Fig. Motions of loom
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5. Picking
Pick
Single weft yarn
Picking
Process of inserting weft yarn through the shed.
 To throw the shuttle
 It delivers the shuttle with picks
 To insert the weft yarn
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6. Picking
Limitation of Shuttle Loom
• Low production speed
• Higher noise levels
• Increased wear and tear
• Heavier machine
• Increased weft yarn breakage
• Higher energy consumption
• Limited design flexibility
• Lower weaving speed
• Higher risk of fabric defects
• Risk of shuttle flying
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7. Types of Loom
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8. Comparison
Shuttle Loom
 Uses shuttle
 Conventional
 Shuttle is large in size
 Shuttle is heavy in weight
 Fabric cost is more
 More vibration and noise
 Increased warp breakage
 Low production
Shuttleless Loom
 Modern loom
 Weft insertion device is small in size
 Device is lighter in weight
 Economical
 Lower warp breakage
 Higher production
 Initial investment is high
 Low fabric defect
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9. Shuttleless Loom
Rapier Looms
 Picks are carried by finger like carrier named
rapier
 Consumes moderate power
 Suitable for weft patterning
 Simple mechanism
 Suitable for higher width fabric
 Fancy fabric is produced
 Noise level is higher
Fig. Picking process of rapier 9

10. Shuttleless Loom
Projectile Looms
 Picks is carried by small bullet
projectiles
 Number of projectile varies from 11 to
17
 Accommodator is used to reduce
tension
 Less noisy than shuttle looms
 Easy to operate and maintain
 Produces different types of fashionable
fabric
Fig. Picking process of projectile 10

11. Shuttleless Loom
Air Jet Looms
 A jet of air is used to propel the weft
yarn
 Main nozzle is used for insertion
 Tandem nozzle reduces weft insertion
time
 Speeds of up to 600 ppm
 Uniform weft yarns are needed
 Noise level is lower than rapier loom
 Pick breaks more due to excess air
pressure
 Consumes low energy
 Textured/heavier yarns are preferred Fig. Picking process of air jet loom
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12. Shuttleless Loom
Water Jet Looms
 Weft yarn is carried by a jet of water
 Highest production speeds of all loom
 Very low noise
 Low tension on the filling yarn
 Hydrophobic yarn needed
 High quality of warp yarns is needed
 Treated water is used by pump nozzle
 Less power consumption
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13. Limitation of Shuttleless Loom
• Higher initial cost
• Complex maintenance
• Requires skilled operators
• Limited fabric width
• Sensitivity to yarn quality
• Higher air or energy consumption (in air-jet and water-jet looms)
• Limited versatility in certain fabric types
• Higher noise (in some types, e.g., rapier looms)
• Increased capital investment for setup
• More delicate handling of weft insertion
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14. Future Development
• Economic machine design
• Elimination of sizing process
• Yarn breakage rate reduction
• Incorporation of automation
• Better control of process parameters
• Remote monitoring
• Energy reduction
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15. N.B. Image source is google.com 15