The document discusses the history and types of microscopes. It describes the key parts of a microscope including the support system (base, pillars, body tube, stage), focusing system (coarse and fine adjustments), optical system (eyepiece, nosepiece, objective lenses), and illumination system (light source, mirror, condenser, diaphragm, filter). Different types of microscopes are listed along with the magnification and numerical aperture of objective lenses. Rules for using different objective lenses with the condenser and iris diaphragm are provided. In closing, the author provides their contact information.

1. Dr. Aniket Anil Shilwant
Assistant Professor
Sharir Kriya Dept.
GJPIASR
CVM University
M I C R O S C O P E

2. INSTRUMENT SECTION – MICROSCOPE
• History Of Microscope
• Types
• Parts & Description
• Uses

4. HISTORY OF MICROSCOPE
1595
Hans & Zacharias Janssen,
Holland.
17th Century
Robert Hooke,
England
17th Century
Anton van Leeuwenhoek
Dutchman (Store keeper)

5. TYPES OF MICROSCOPE
1. Simple Microscope
2. Compound Microscope
1. Monocular Microscope
2. Binocular Microscope
1. Dissecting Microscope
2. Dark-Field Microscope
3. Phase Contrast Microscope
4. Interface Contrast Microscope
5. Polarizing Microscope
6. Fluorescence Microscope
7. Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM)
8. Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM)

7. SYSTEMS OF MICROSCOPE
 SUPPORT SYSTEM (S)
BASE – PILLARS – HANDLE – BODY TUBE – STAGE (FIXED & MECHANICAL)
 FOCUSING SYSTEM (F)
COARSE – FINE ADJUSTMENTS
 OPTICAL SYSTEM (O)
BODY TUBE – EYEPIECE – NOSE PIECE – OBJECTIVE LENSES
 ILLUMINATION SYSTEM (I)
LIGHT SOURCE – MIRROR – CONDENSOR – DIAPHRAGM – FILTER

8. SUPPORT SYSTEM OF MICROSCOPE
1. Base – Square, C, U, Horse shoe shape
2. Pillars – 2, Vertically upright
3. Handle – C shaped
4. Body tube – Vertical, Cylindrical tube, 16-17 cm
5. Stage
 Fixed – Square platform, Central numerical
aperture
 Mechanical – Vernier scale

9. FOCUSING SYSTEM OF MICROSCOPE
1. Coarse adjustment
2. Fine adjustment
Rack & Pinion arrangement

10. OPTICAL SYSTEM OF MICROSCOPE
BODY TUBE
 Focal length – 16 – 17cm
 Optical Focal Length – 22 – 25cm

11. OPTICAL SYSTEM OF MICROSCOPE
EYE PIECE
 3x (Scanning), 5x, 10x
 Dual lenses – Eye lens, Field lens
 Pointer eye piece

12. OPTICAL SYSTEM OF MICROSCOPE
POINTER EYE PIECE

13. OPTICAL SYSTEM OF MICROSCOPE
NOSE PIECE
 Revolving
 Fixed

14. OPTICAL SYSTEM OF MICROSCOPE
OBJECTIVE LENS
 Magnification – 5x, 10x, 45x, 100x
 Numerical Aperture – 10x (0.25), 45x (0.65), 100x (1.25)

15. ILLUMINATION SYSTEM OF MICROSCOPE
 LIGHT SOURCE – Internal & External
 MIRROR – Concave (Nearer Light Source) &
Plain (Distant Light Source)

16. ILLUMINATION SYSTEM OF MICROSCOPE
IRIS & DIAPHRAGM, FILTER
ABBE – CONDENSOR

17. RULE OF ILLUMINATION & MICROSCOPY
Sr. No Objective Lens Condenser Position Iris Aperture
1 10x – Low Power Lens Lowest Partly open
2 45x – High Power Lens Midway Half open
3 100x – Oil Immersion Lens Highest Fully open

18. OIL DROP
LIGHT LIGHT LIGHT
CONDENSOR

19. Thank You All !!!
Dr. Aniket A. Shilwant
Assistant Professor
Sharir Kriya Dept.
GJP-IASR
Contact –
ayuraniket18@gmail.com
aniket.Shilwant@cvmu.edu.in
http://ayugjac.edu.in/Staff_CV.aspx?dl=dn3Mja19480dn3Mja19
http://scholar.google.co.in/citations?user=636K2sMAAAAJ&hl=en
https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Aniket_Shilwant