This document provides an introduction to blood collection and hematology. It discusses the importance of blood collection as a diagnostic tool and the role of the phlebotomist in ensuring sample reliability and clinical accuracy. It describes the different types of blood samples that can be collected, including whole blood, plasma, and serum. The main methods of collection are by syringe and needle, scalp vein set, or lancet. Accepted sites for collection include capillary, venous, and arterial blood as well as cardiac catheterization. Requirements for collection and different needle sizes are also outlined. The document concludes by listing common blood substitutes and ideal properties of plasma volume expanders.

1. Blood collection
&
Introduction to Practical Hematology
Dr. Aniket A. Shilwant
BAMS, MD

2. Introduction
Blood collection – Phlebotomy
Phlebotomist
Blood sample collection = Important diagnostic tool
Depends on – Clinical Signs & Symptoms
Importance
Easy medium to assess abnormal findings
Diagnosis
Biological Markers
Clinical significance

3. Role of phlebotomist
 Sample collection – Aseptic conditions
 Sample reliability
 Clinical accuracy
 Accurate identification of risks

4. Types of Blood Sample
 Whole blood & formed elements
 Plasma
 Serum

5. Methods of Blood collection
 Syringe and needle
 Scalp vein set
 Lancet

6. Sites for Blood collection
 Capillary blood
 Venous blood
 Arterial blood
 Cardiac Catheterization

7. Capillary blood

8. Venous blood

9. Arterial blood

10. Cardiac Catheterization

11. Requirements
Syringe
Needle
Scalp vein set
Bulbs for blood collection
Tourniquets
Gloves
Spirit
Cotton
Anticoagulants
Masks

12. Syringe & Needle
 18G – Blood transfusion
 21G – Blood sampling
 24G – Blood sampling and IV medications
 25G – Vaccination and Medicines
 30G – Local Anaesthesia

13. Medical pipette / Pricking Gun

14. Scalp vein set

15. Intracath

16. Tourniquet

17. Blood Substitutes
 RBC’s
 Plasma (FFP)
 Serum
 Platelets
 WBC’s
 Plasma Volume Expanders

18. Ideal properties of PVE’s
 Iso-oncotic with Plasma
 Distributed only to Intra vascular compartment
 Pharmacodynamically inert
 Non-pyrogenic, Non-allergic, Non-antigenic
 No interference with blood grouping / Cross matching
 Stable, Cost effective, Sterile

19. REFERENCES
 A complete manual of Ayurvedic Practical Physiology, Chaukhambha
Vishvabharati, Varanasi, 1st Edition, Nov 2022.
 Image sources – Internet

20. Thank You !!!
Dr. Aniket A. Shilwant
BAMS, MD
Associate Professor
Sharir Kriya Dept.
GJPIASR, CVM University