Microteaching is a teacher training technique developed by Dr. Allen at Stanford University in 1963 where teachers practice teaching a short lesson to a small group of students. The microteaching cycle involves planning a short lesson, teaching it, getting feedback, re-planning based on the feedback, and re-teaching. Some key characteristics of microteaching include using a variety of teaching methods like questioning, lecturing, and reinforcement to engage students and provide clear instruction. Microteaching allows teachers to focus on developing specific skills and get feedback to improve, though it can reduce creativity and be time-consuming.