This document discusses microprocessors and motherboards. It begins by defining a microprocessor as an electronic chip that takes input, processes it, and provides output. It then describes single-core and dual-core microprocessor designs. A dual-core processor has two microprocessors on one chip that can execute instructions simultaneously for improved efficiency. The document notes benefits of dual-core processors for tasks like gaming or data transfers. It also distinguishes dual-core processors from Core 2 Duo and multi-processor systems. Finally, it briefly discusses quad-core processors and the role of the motherboard in connecting computer components like the CPU, memory, and I/O devices.

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2. Microprocessor

3. Microprocessors
 A microprocessor is a tiny electronic chip found inside a computer's central processing unit and
other electronic devices. Its basic function is to take input, process it and then provide
appropriate output.
 A microprocessor is a CPU on a single chip.
 The microprocessor contains all, or most of, the central processing unit (CPU) functions and is
the "engine" that goes into motion when you turn your computer on.
 A microprocessor is designed to perform arithmetic and logic operations operations include
adding, subtracting, comparing two numbers, and fetching numbers from one area to another.

4. Single Core
The single-core has only one processor mounted in a chip that is connected
to the motherboard.
• In a single-core or traditional processor the CPU is fed strings of instructions
it must order, execute, then selectively store in its cache for quick retrieval.
• When data outside the cache is required, it is retrieved through the system
bus from random access memory (RAM) or from storage devices.
• Accessing these slows down performance to the maximum speed the bus,
RAM or storage device will allow, which is far slower than the speed of the
CPU.

5. Dual Core
A dual-core processor has two microprocessors mounted in one single chip.
• In a dual core processor each core handles incoming data strings
simultaneously to improve efficiency.
• Just as two heads are better than one.
• Now when one is executing the other can be accessing the system bus or
executing its own code.

6. Benefits of Dual Core
Dual-core processors can be highly appreciated in heavy gaming or in
intensive data transfers using a single computer.
• For example, when you are downloading huge files and you are just using a
single-core, you would surely experience lagging of the data transfer.
However, dual-cores would not give you such scenario since the task is
divided.
• This makes your time to be used more wisely. It's like falling in line in a store
where there are two cashiers. You would surely pay your goods faster having
two cashiers than just having one.

7. Difference Between Dual Core & Core
2 Duo
Core2duo started before dual core.
• Core2duo is under the core2 brand, dual core is under the Pentium brand.
• Core2duo limits processor speed to 3.3 GHz, dual core limits it to 2.5 GHz.
• Core2duo offers cache size of up to 6MB L2 cache with scope for L3 cache
as well, dual core limits it to around 2 MB.
• Both are based on the core micro architecture.
• Core2duo comes for higher prices, and is simply better than dual core.

8. Difference Between Dual Core &
Multiprocessor
In dual core, resources are shared and the cores reside on the same chip.
• In multi-processor system, there are two separate CPUs with their own
resources.
• A multi-processor system is faster than a system with a dual core processor.
• while a dual core system is faster than a single-core system, all else being
equal.

9. Quad Core
• Four microprocessors per chip.
• Intel says we can expect a 70 percent performance increase over the single
and double computing cores.
• Intel Launches Three New Quad-core Processors

10. Motherboard

11. The Motherboard
 A motherboard is one of the most essential parts of a computer system. It holds
together many of the crucial components of a computer, including the central
processing unit (CPU), memory and connectors for input and output devices.
 The most important part of a PC is the motherboard. It holds:
 the processor chip
 memory chips
 chips that handle input/output (I/O)
 the expansion slots for connecting peripherals
 Some chips are soldered onto the motherboard(permanent), and some are
removable (so they can be upgraded).
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12. A computer motherboard may also be called
the main-board or main circuit board.

13. Purpose of Motherboard
 A motherboard provides the connection between all other computer parts.
 Processors are attached directly to the motherboard, and the RAM, peripherals and
storage devices are attached as well.
 Motherboards themselves, however, perform no computation and do not store
information

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