The CPU, or central processing unit, processes all information and instructions used by a computer to control its parts. It is made up of millions of tiny switches called transistors mounted on a silicon chip. The speed at which a CPU processes data is measured in megahertz or gigahertz, and processors are becoming faster, with one gigahertz equaling one billion cycles per second. The major manufacturers of CPUs for computers are Intel with its Pentium processors and AMD with its Athlon processors, although other companies like IBM also produce processors.