The document explains key terms related to microbiology, specifically focusing on antimicrobial agents such as minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC). It discusses McFarland standards used for standardizing bacterial concentrations and highlights definitions for colony-forming units (CFU) and plaque-forming units (PFU) in measuring viable microbes. It also offers contact information for further inquiries on presentation topics.

1. Applied Microbiology
MIC, MBC, CFU, PFU, McFarland
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2. Some Terms Related to Antibiotics
 MIC : Minimum Inhibitory Concentration
 This is the lowest concentration of an antimicrobial drug
that prevents visible growth of a microorganism after
overnight incubation with media.
 MBC : Minimum Bactericidal Concentration
 The minimum bactericidal concentration is the lowest
concentration of an antibacterial agent required to kill a
particular bacterium.

3. McFarland unit
 McFarland Standards are used to standardize the
approximate number of bacteria in a liquid suspension by
comparing the turbidity of the test suspension with that of
the McFarland Standard.
 A McFarland Standard is a chemical solution of barium chloride
and sulfuric acid; the reaction between these two chemicals
results in the production of a fine precipitate, barium sulfate. When
shaken well, the turbidity of a McFarland Standard is visually
comparable to a bacterial suspension of known concentration.

4. McFarland Turbidity Standard
 There are different McFarland units, according to the
concentration of Cell density (Number of bacterial
cells).
 1.5x 10^8 colony forming units (CFU/ml) are present
in 0.5 McFarland Units.
 These are also Commercially available.

5. CFU : Colony Forming Units
 colony-forming unit (CFU or cfu) is a measure of
viable bacterial or fungal cells.
 CFU measures only viable cells.
 results are given as CFU/mL (colony-forming units per
milliliter) for liquids, and CFU/g (colony-forming units per
gram) for solids.
 CFU can be calculated using miles and misra method.

6. Plaque Forming Units
 In virology, a plaque-forming unit (PFU) is a
measure of the number of particles capable
of forming plaques per unit volume, such as virus
particles.

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