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Methodology an introduction
The document discusses key concepts in research methodology including definitions of ontology, epistemology, positivism, naturalism, qualitative and quantitative research. It also covers methods such as triangulation, surveys, and focus groups. Guidelines are provided for writing the methodology chapter of a research paper, including outlining the research question, data collection and analysis procedures, and justification for the chosen methods.
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Methodology an introduction
- 1. Methodology: An Introduction COMS 3099: Language &Communication Seminar Carol Jaggernauth
- 2. Definitions Ontology – assertions or assumptions about the nature of being and reality What the real world is. The order of things (Foucault) (Chandler & Munday 2011) Epistemology The study of the origin, nature, method and limits of knowledge. (Griffin 2012) How we come to know what we know?
- 3. Definitions cont’d Positivist paradigm/positivism Family of philosophies characterized by an extremely positive evaluation of science and scientific methods (Frey et al, 2000) Applies methods used in physical sciences to study human behaviour
- 4. Definitions cont’d Naturalistic paradigm Family of philosophies that focus on the socially constructed nature of reality. (Frey et al, 2000) Concerned with the development of methods that capture the socially constructed nature of reality.
- 5. Assumption Question PositivistNaturalist Ontological The nature of reality Singular Objective Multiple Intersubjective Epistemological Relationship bet. researcher and subjects Independent Interdependent Axiological The role of values in the research process Value-free Unbiased Value laden Biased Methodological What’s the research process Deduction Induction Rhetorical Language of research report Formal Impersonal Informal Personal voice
- 7. Methodology 1. A bodyof practices, procedures, and rules used by those who work in a discipline or engage in an inquiry. 2. The study or theoretical analysis of such working methods. 3. The branch of logic that deals with the general principles of the formation of knowledge. (Proz.com 2005)
- 8. Method 1. A meansor manner of procedure, especially a regular and systematic way of accomplishing something: a simple method for making a pie crust; mediation as a method of solving disputes. 2. The procedures and techniques characteristic of a particular discipline or field of knowledge: This field course gives an overview of archaeological method. (Proz.com 2005)
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- 10. Qualitative Research Theacquisition of data that take the form of symbols other than meaningful numbers. In-depth and detailed information. Gives preference to participants lived experience. Quality rather than quantity. Smaller population samples Methods include– focus groups, interviews, ethnography , textual analysis
- 11. Quantitative Research Datacollection takes the form of meaningful numbers Enumeration – a process of reducing abstract concepts to numbers Larger population samples Quantity rather than quality. Methods include- experiments, surveys and content analysis.
- 14. Triangulation The mixingof data or methods so that diverse viewpoints or standpoints cast light upon a topic. (Olsen 2003) Facilitates cross analysis of data. Reduces limitation of using one method. Increases reliability and flexibility. Combination may include Surveys and Focus Groups etc.
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- 17. Guidelines for Methodology Chapter Introduction Reintroduce the big question Justification for research question (significance) Conceptual Design – Model Language
- 18. Data Analysis Scales Definitions (beginning) Methodological Context – ontological, epistemological Method A,b,.c,d What was done in detail Who you collected data from Why the fliers (Important characteristics) Instruments – questionnaire and research questions
- 20. Checklist (Adapted from Dr.Tia Cooper) 1. The questions that you are attempting to answer and any problems that you may face in finding the answers 2. General definition or overview of the approach you will use. 3. A thorough description of how you will collect the data and the analytical procedures you will use to draw conclusions based on this information
- 21. Include anintroductory paragraph that describes the problem you will address using your methodology Subsequent paragraphs should explain the method that you will use to collect data to address the problem. Include justification for why these methods are appropriate
- 22. You shouldexplain why you did not use more common methods Explain why you purposely included/excluded certain groups from research Provide a brief explanation that discusses the inclusion/exclusion of groups and implications for your study Discuss how certain variables may impact the outcome of your research (diff. lifestyles, etc)