This document summarizes information on several drugs used to treat gynecological conditions. It describes the components, mechanisms of action, usages, dosages and side effects of drugs like Mirena (intrauterine device), Yasmin (oral contraceptive), Primolut (progesterone), Depo Provera (contraceptive injection), and drugs used for fertility treatments, menstrual disorders, pre-eclampsia and postpartum hemorrhage.

5. Name of the drug : Mirena
Component : intrauterine device ( levonorgestrel releasing IUD)
Mechanism of action : endometrial shedding , cervical mucus thickening
Usage : 1-long-term contraception (up to 5 years) .
2-dysmenorrhoea.
3-menorrhagia.
4-decrease incidence and severity of PID.
Dosage : release 20mcg/24 hours. Inserted in first 7 days of cycle.
Side effects :
1-headache,acne.
2-perforation (during insertion).
3-expulsion (first month).
4- 1% failure = ectopic.

6. Name of the drug :
Component : intrauterine device ( copper bearing IUD)
Mechanism of action : 1-inflammatory reaction (inhibit implantation).
2-toxic effect on sperm motility (inhibit fertilization).
Usage : long-term contraception (up to 5 years) .
Dosage : contain 380 mm copper. Inserted in first 7 days of cycle.
Side effects :
1-copper allergy.
2-dysmenorrhoea.
3-menorrhagia.
4-not protect against PID.
2-perforation (during insertion).
3-expulsion (first month).
4- 1% failure = ectopic.

7. Name of the drug : Yasmin.
Component : 30 mcg ethinylestradiol + 3mg drospirenone.
Mechanism of action : combined oral contraceptive pill (OCP).
Usage : contraception , severe menorrhagia.
Dosage :
1 tab/day for 21 days (5 – 25 of cycle) + 7 days tab free (3 weeks on, 1 week
off)
Side effects :

8. Name of the drug : Primolut
Component : norethisterone 5mg
Mechanism of action : Progesterone.
Usage : contraception , severe menorrhagia , dysmenorrhoea , endometriosis.
Dosage : 1capsule /day for 3 months (250mg)
Side effects :
1-Fluid retention.
2-Breast discomfort.
3-Dizziness.
4-Depressed mood.

9. Name of the drug : Depo Provera
Component : Medroxyprogesterone acetate
Mechanism of action : Progesterone .
Usage : contraception , severe menorrhagia , dysmenorrhoea , endometriosis.
Dosage : 150 mg IM injection every 3 months.
Side effects :
1-Fluid retention.
2-Breast discomfort.
3-Dizziness.
4-Depressed mood.

10. Name of the drug :
Component : 11 white tablets (2mg estradiol)
10 brown tablets (2mg estradiol with 0.5mg norgestrel)
Mechanism of action : estrogen and progesterone.
Usage : HRT in menopause of premature ovarian failure.
Dosage :
1 tab/day for 21 days (5 – 25 of cycle) + 7 days tabfree (3 weeks on, 1 week off)
Side effects :
Weight gain or loss
Headache
lower abdominal pain

11. Name of the drug : Diane 35
Component : Cyproterone acetate (2 mg) + Ethinylestradiol (0.035 mg)
Mechanism of action : anti-androgen effect and estrogenic effect.
Usage : Hirsutism of PCOS , contraception.
Dosage :
1 tab/day for 21 days (5 – 25 of cycle) + 7 days tab free (3 weeks on, 1 week
off)
Side effects :
1-abdominal cramping, bloating.
2-appetite changes.
3-breast pain, tenderness, swelling.

13. Name of the drug :
Component : copy of the natural human FSH
Mechanism of action : stimulates the maturation of ova.
Usage : 1-ovulation induction
2-assisted reproductive techniques (IVF)
3- patient not respond to treatment with clomiphene citrate
Dosage :
Side effects : 1-ovarian cyst.
2-ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS)

14. Name of the drug :
Component : choriogonadotropin alfa : copy of the human hCG.
Mechanism of action : trigger ovulation (like LH hormone).
Usage : 1-ovulation induction
2-assisted reproductive techniques (IVF)
Dosage :
250 micrograms SC given 24 to 48 hours after the ovaries have produced
follicles that are mature to ovulation.
Side effects : 1-ovarian cyst.
2-ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS)

15. Name of the drug : Clomid
Component : clomiphene citrate.
Mechanism of action : estrogen receptor antagonist.
Usage : ovulation induction (Amenorrhoea , PCOS).
Dosage : 50mg/day for 5 days(day 2-6 of cycle) , try 100mg/day if ineffective.
Side effects :
1-hot flush.
2-abdominal discomfort
3-ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome
4-ectopic pregnancy…

16. Name of the drug : Diclair
Component : gonadotrophin.
Mechanism of action : human chorionic gonadotrophin.
Usage : ovulation induction.
Dosage : SC in 2-6 days of cycle (for 5 days).
Side effects :

17. Name of the drug : Fempro
Component : Letrozole.
Mechanism of action : aromatase inhibitor (inhibit estrogen formation)
Usage : premature ovarian failure.
Dosage : 2.5 mg tablet , used in 2-6 days of the cycle (for 5 days).
Side effects :

18. Name of the drug : DOSTINEX
Component : cabergoline
Mechanism of action : dopamine receptor agonist
Usage : hyperprolactinemia (infertility – galactorrhoea)
Dosage : 2 tabs/week for 4 weeks (0.5mg)
Side effects :
1-Nausea.
2-Sleepiness.

19. Name of the drug : Colette
Component : cabergoline.
Mechanism of action : dopamine receptor agonist.
Usage : hyperprolactinemia (infertility – galactorrhoea)
Dosage : 2tabs/week for 4 weeks (0.5mg)
Side effects :
1-Nausea.
2-Sleepiness.

20. Name of the drug : Dopergin
Component : Lisuride
Mechanism of action : partial dopamine receptor agonist..
Usage : hyperprolactinemia (infertility – galactorrhoea)
Dosage : 3 tab/day for 14 days (0.2mg) .
Side effects :
1-Nausea.
2-Sleepiness.

21. Name of the drug : PIOPHAGE
Component : metformin.
Mechanism of action : decrese peripheral insulin resistance.
Usage : insulin resistance in PCOS.
Dosage :
Side effects :

23. Name of the drug : Regelle
Component : norethisterone.
Mechanism of action : progesterone.
Usage : regulate menstruation , endometriosis , dysmenorrhoea.
Dosage : 3 tabs /day for 10 days (5mg)
Side effects :
1- breakthrough bleeding, spotting.
2- changes in liver function.
3- depression, headache, dizziness.
4- fluid retention, bloating, weight gain.

24. Name of the drug : Zoladex.
Component : goserelin .
Mechanism of action : GnRH analogue (agonist).
Usage : menorrhagia , endometriosis.
Dosage : 3.6mg
Side effects :

25. Name of the drug : AMINOR.
Component : 5mg norethisterone acetate.
Mechanism of action : progesterone.
Usage : regulate menstruation , endometriosis , dysmenorrhoea.
Dosage : 1 tablet/day for 20 days.
Side effects :

26. Name of the drug : EXACYL
Component : tranexamic acid (cyklokapron).
Mechanism of action : anti-fibrinolytic , reversibly inhibit plasminogen activator.
Usage : menorrhagia.
Dosage : 1 tablet/day for 20 days.
Side effects :
1-nausea , vomitting.
2-rarely thrombosis.

28. Name of the drug : MAGNESIUN SULFATE
Component : magnesium sulfate.
Mechanism of action : physiologic calcium antagonist.
Usage : prophylaxis and treatment of eclamptic fit.
Dosage :
4 g over 5–15 minutes followed by IV infusion , 1 g/hour for at least 24 hours.
Side effects :
1- respiratory depression.
2-drowsiness, confusion, loss of tendon reflexes
3-oliguria.
Require
Calcium Gluconate!

29. Name of the drug : Calcium Gluconate 10%
Component : calcium
Mechanism of action : antidote of magnesium sulfate toxicity.
Usage : used for magnesium sulfate overdose.
Dosage : 1g IV single dose slowly.
Side effects :
1- tingling sensations.
2-arrhythmia.

30. Name of the drug : Apresoline
Component : hydralazine hydrochloride
Mechanism of action : vasodilator.
Usage : pre-eclampsia.
Dosage : 5-10 mg slow IV injection, repeated after 20 minutes if necessary.
Side effects :
1- palpitation.
2-headache.
3-flushing.
4- dizziness,.

32. Name of the drug : Syntocinon
Component : oxytocin.
Mechanism of action : stimulate the smooth muscle contraction of the uterus.
Usage :
1-induction and augmintation of labor : 5IU in 500ml fluid.
2-third stage of labor : 5IU when the anterior shoulder is delivered
3-post-partum hemorrhage : 10 IU bolus then 40IU infusion
maintain.
Dosage : discussed above.
Side effects :
1- tachycardia.
2- headache.
3-nause,vomitting.

33. Name of the drug : Methrgine
Component : methylergonovine maleate.
Mechanism of action : increases the tone, rate of uterine contraction.
Usage : prevent PPH following delivery of the placenta, uterine atony.
Dosage : IV 0.2 mg, administered slowly.
Side effects :
1- abdominal pain.
2- hypertension.
3-seizure.

34. Name of the drug :
Component : Enoxaparine : low molecular weight heparin (LMWH)
Mechanism of action :
activate anti-thrombin III , heigher anti-factor Xa to antifactor IIa activity
ratio.
Usage : prevention ,treatment of venous thromboembolic disease (DVT,PE)
In prolong bedridden and surgical prophylaxis.
Dosage : 1mg/kg twice daily SC injection for 10 days (60 mg Sc q 2).
Side effects :
1- bleeding (epistaxis , gum bleed).
2- painful rash at the injection site.