This document discusses different aspects of matter. It defines matter as anything that has mass and takes up space, and notes that matter can exist in solid, liquid, or gas states. It then covers properties of matter like mass, volume, density, and thermal conductivity. The document classifies matter as either pure substances or mixtures, and describes different physical and chemical changes that matter can undergo.

1. MATTERMATTER
Definition of matter.Definition of matter.
Properties of matter.Properties of matter.
Classification of matter.Classification of matter.
Physical states of matter.Physical states of matter.
Physical changes in matter.Physical changes in matter.
Chemical changes in matter.Chemical changes in matter.

2. WHAT IS MATTER?WHAT IS MATTER?
Matter is everything around us that hasMatter is everything around us that has
massmass and takes upand takes up spacespace. Matter can be. Matter can be
solid, liquid or gas.solid, liquid or gas. RocksRocks,, living thingsliving things,,
waterwater andand airair are examples of matter.are examples of matter.

3. Matter is made up of tiny particles, calledMatter is made up of tiny particles, called
atomsatoms. Some atoms join together to make. Some atoms join together to make
groups known asgroups known as moleculesmolecules..
WHAT IS MATTER?WHAT IS MATTER?

4. PROPERTIES OF MATTERPROPERTIES OF MATTER
MASS
THERMAL
CONDUCTIVITY
SOLUBILITY
HARDNESS
DENSITY
VOLUME
PROPERTIESPROPERTIES
OF MATTEROF MATTER

5. PROPERTIES OF MATTERPROPERTIES OF MATTER
MASSMASS
Mass is the amount of matter in an object.Mass is the amount of matter in an object.
We measure mass in grams or kilograms.We measure mass in grams or kilograms.
An apple has greater
mass than a grape.

6. PROPERTIES OF MATTERPROPERTIES OF MATTER
VOLUMEVOLUME
Volume is the amount of space an objectVolume is the amount of space an object
occupies. Bigger objects have moreoccupies. Bigger objects have more
volume than smaller objects. We measurevolume than smaller objects. We measure
volume in litres or mililitres.volume in litres or mililitres.
A car has larger volume
than a motorcycle.

7. THERMAL CONDUCTIVITYTHERMAL CONDUCTIVITY
Thermal conductivity is the ability ofThermal conductivity is the ability of
certain objects to conduct or transfer heat.certain objects to conduct or transfer heat.
Most metals are good heat conductors.Most metals are good heat conductors.
PROPERTIES OF MATTERPROPERTIES OF MATTER

8. SOLUBILITYSOLUBILITY
Solubility is the ability of a substance toSolubility is the ability of a substance to
dissolve in other substance and form adissolve in other substance and form a
solution.solution.
Sugar dissolves well in water, whereas oil does not.
PROPERTIES OF MATTERPROPERTIES OF MATTER

9. HARDNESSHARDNESS
Hardness is the scratch-resistance of aHardness is the scratch-resistance of a
solid.solid.
Diamonds are the hardest natural solids.
PROPERTIES OF MATTERPROPERTIES OF MATTER

10. DENSITYDENSITY
Density is the amount of matter in a volume. We measure density in kilograms per litre (Kg/l)Density is the amount of matter in a volume. We measure density in kilograms per litre (Kg/l)
density= mass/volumedensity= mass/volume
Density explains why some objects float in water while others sink.Density explains why some objects float in water while others sink.
PROPERTIES OF MATTERPROPERTIES OF MATTER

11. PROPERTIES OF MATTERPROPERTIES OF MATTER
DENSITYDENSITY
Does itDoes it floatfloat or does itor does it sinksink? Why?? Why?
densitydensity
corkcork 0,25 kg/l0,25 kg/l
waterwater 1,00 kg/l1,00 kg/l
ironiron 7,90 kg/l7,90 kg/l
Cork has a lower density than water.
It floats!
Iron has a higher density than water.
It sinks!

12. CLASSIFICATION OF MATTERCLASSIFICATION OF MATTER
According to its composition, matter canAccording to its composition, matter can
be classified into pure substances andbe classified into pure substances and
mixtures.mixtures.
Pure substancesPure substances are made up of onlyare made up of only
one type of matter.one type of matter.
MixturesMixtures are made up of two or moreare made up of two or more
pure substances.pure substances.

13. Silver or table salt are examples of pure substances.

14. Sand or chocolate milk are examples of mixtures.
Heterogeneous mixture
Homogeneous mixture

15. SEPARATING DIFFERENT TYPESSEPARATING DIFFERENT TYPES
OF MIXTURESOF MIXTURES
FiltrationFiltration.. It´s used to separateIt´s used to separate solidssolids fromfrom liquidsliquids inin
heterogeneousheterogeneous mixtures.mixtures.
EvaporationEvaporation.. It´s used to separateIt´s used to separate solidssolids fromfrom liquidsliquids inin
homogeneoushomogeneous mixtures.mixtures.
DistillationDistillation.. It´s used to separateIt´s used to separate liquidsliquids inin homogeneoushomogeneous
mixtures that boil at different temperatures.mixtures that boil at different temperatures.

16. THE PHYSICAL STATES OFTHE PHYSICAL STATES OF
MATTERMATTER
SolidsSolids have a fixed volume and shape.have a fixed volume and shape.
LiquidsLiquids have a fixed volume, but not a fixedhave a fixed volume, but not a fixed
shape.shape.
GasesGases don´t have a fixed volume or shape.don´t have a fixed volume or shape.

17. PHYSICAL CHANGES IN MATTERPHYSICAL CHANGES IN MATTER

18. A new substance is produced.A new substance is produced.
OxidationOxidation.. When substances combine withWhen substances combine with
oxigen. It produces rustoxigen. It produces rust
CombustionCombustion.. When objects or substancesWhen objects or substances
are burned. It produces smoke and ashes.are burned. It produces smoke and ashes.
CHEMICAL CHANGES IN MATTERCHEMICAL CHANGES IN MATTER