1. BELLWORKBELLWORK
1.1. What isWhat is matter?matter?
2.2. What is mass and how does itWhat is mass and how does it
compare to weight?compare to weight?
3.3. What word is used to describe theWhat word is used to describe the
amount of space an object takes up?amount of space an object takes up?
2. Matter and ChangeMatter and Change
Unit III Properties of MatterUnit III Properties of Matter
3. 1.1. Anything that takes up space andAnything that takes up space and
has mass.has mass.
2.2. Weight is a measure of the pull ofWeight is a measure of the pull of
gravity on an object; mass is thegravity on an object; mass is the
amount of matter the object contains.amount of matter the object contains.
3.3. Volume.Volume.
Matter and ChangeMatter and Change
4. What states of matter areWhat states of matter are
represented in the photograph?represented in the photograph?
What must you do to a substance toWhat must you do to a substance to
change it’s physical state?change it’s physical state?
Matter and ChangeMatter and Change
6. The mass of an object is the amount ofThe mass of an object is the amount of
matter the object contains. A golf ballmatter the object contains. A golf ball
has a greater mass than a table tennishas a greater mass than a table tennis
ball. The golf ball, therefore, containsball. The golf ball, therefore, contains
more matter.more matter.
Matter and ChangeMatter and Change
8. Materials differ in terms of the kind ofMaterials differ in terms of the kind of
matter they contain.matter they contain.
Table sugar is always 100% sucrose.Table sugar is always 100% sucrose.
It always has the same chemicalIt always has the same chemical
composition.composition.
Matter that has a uniform and definiteMatter that has a uniform and definite
composition is called a substance.composition is called a substance.
Matter and ChangeMatter and Change
10. Substances contain only one kind ofSubstances contain only one kind of
matter.matter.
Which of these two is a substance?Which of these two is a substance?
H20 or Lemonade?H20 or Lemonade?
Matter and ChangeMatter and Change
11. All samples of a substance have theAll samples of a substance have the
same physical properties.same physical properties.
All crystals of sucrose taste sweet andAll crystals of sucrose taste sweet and
dissolve completely in water.dissolve completely in water.
Matter and ChangeMatter and Change
12. AA physical propertyphysical property is a quality oris a quality or
condition of a substance that can becondition of a substance that can be
observed or measured withoutobserved or measured without
changing the substance’schanging the substance’s
composition.composition.
Matter and ChangeMatter and Change
13. Examples of physical properties include:Examples of physical properties include:
1.- COLOR1.- COLOR
2.- SOLUBILITY2.- SOLUBILITY
3.- ODOR3.- ODOR
4.- HARDNESS4.- HARDNESS
Matter and ChangeMatter and Change
14. 5.- DENSITY5.- DENSITY
6.- MELTING POINT6.- MELTING POINT
7.- BOILING POINT7.- BOILING POINT
Matter and ChangeMatter and Change
15. Matter and ChangeMatter and Change
Physical properties help chemistsPhysical properties help chemists
identify a substance based on theiridentify a substance based on their
characteristics.characteristics.
Which substance is this?Which substance is this?
““Colorless liquid that boils at 100 ˚CColorless liquid that boils at 100 ˚C
and melts at 0 ˚C” ???????and melts at 0 ˚C” ???????
““Colorless liquid that boils at 78 ˚CColorless liquid that boils at 78 ˚C
and melts at -117 ˚C” ???????and melts at -117 ˚C” ???????
16. Matter and ChangeMatter and Change
Important properties of the States of MatterImportant properties of the States of Matter
PropertyProperty SolidSolid LiquidLiquid Gas or vaporGas or vapor
ShapeShape DefiniteDefinite IndefiniteIndefinite IndefiniteIndefinite
VolumeVolume DefiniteDefinite DefiniteDefinite IndefiniteIndefinite
Expansion onExpansion on
heatingheating
Very slightVery slight ModerateModerate GreatGreat
Compressi-Compressi-
bilitybility
AlmostAlmost
incompre-incompre-
ssiblessible
AlmostAlmost
incompre-incompre-
ssiblessible
ReadilyReadily
compressiblecompressible
17. Matter and ChangeMatter and Change
SOLIDSSOLIDS
Coal, sugar, ice and iron.Coal, sugar, ice and iron.
Definite shape and volume.Definite shape and volume.
The shape doesn’t depend on the shape ofThe shape doesn’t depend on the shape of
their container.their container.
The particles are packed tightly together,The particles are packed tightly together,
they are almost incompressible.they are almost incompressible.
Solids expand only lightly when heatedSolids expand only lightly when heated
18. Matter and ChangeMatter and Change
LIQUIDSLIQUIDS
Water, milk and blood.Water, milk and blood.
Takes the shape of their container (flows).Takes the shape of their container (flows).
Particles are packed closely together, butParticles are packed closely together, but
not rigidly packed.not rigidly packed.
The volume that a liquid occupies isThe volume that a liquid occupies is
always constant, no matter what shape italways constant, no matter what shape it
takes.takes.
Almost incompressible, with a tendency toAlmost incompressible, with a tendency to
expand when heated.expand when heated.
19. Matter and ChangeMatter and Change
GASESGASES
Takes the shape and form of theirTakes the shape and form of their
container (flowable).container (flowable).
Particles are spaced far apart.Particles are spaced far apart.
Gases expand without limit to fill anyGases expand without limit to fill any
space.space.
Gases are easily compressed.Gases are easily compressed.
20. Matter and ChangeMatter and Change
VAPORVAPOR
The gaseous state of a substance that isThe gaseous state of a substance that is
generally a liquid or solid at roomgenerally a liquid or solid at room
temperature.temperature.
Steam (the gaseous state of matter) isSteam (the gaseous state of matter) is
referred to as a vapor because water is areferred to as a vapor because water is a
liquid at room temperature.liquid at room temperature.
Moist air contains water vapor.Moist air contains water vapor.
21. Matter and ChangeMatter and Change
PHYSICAL CHANGEPHYSICAL CHANGE
A type of change that alters a givenA type of change that alters a given
material without changing it’s chemicalmaterial without changing it’s chemical
composition.composition.
Examples include: cutting, grinding,Examples include: cutting, grinding,
bending, the melting of the metalbending, the melting of the metal
gallium, the freezing of water and thegallium, the freezing of water and the
condensation of steam to water.condensation of steam to water.
22. Matter and ChangeMatter and Change
PHYSICAL CHANGEPHYSICAL CHANGE
Other verbs or actions related toOther verbs or actions related to
physical changes include: boil, freeze,physical changes include: boil, freeze,
dissolve, melt, condense, break, split,dissolve, melt, condense, break, split,
crack, grind, cut, crush and bend.crack, grind, cut, crush and bend.
