This document discusses mastoiditis, an infection and inflammation of the mastoid bone behind the ear. It begins by defining mastoiditis and classifying it as either acute or chronic. Risk factors include middle ear infections, injuries, and certain bacteria. Symptoms include ear pain, swelling, hearing loss, and ear drainage. The infection spreads from the middle ear to the mastoid air cells, causing mastoiditis. Diagnosis involves examinations, imaging, and tests. Treatment includes antibiotics, ear drops, pain medications, and surgery such as mastoidectomy to remove infected cells. Post-operative care focuses on wound healing and avoiding pressure on the ear. Nursing care manages pain, provides fluids and medication, and addresses potential complications