mastoiditis is the inflammatory condition of the mastoid bone and this topic include its definition, etiology, clinical feature and its treatment this ppt can be used by bsc and gnm nursing student for taking care of the patient suffering from mastoiditis and for learning and writing purpose for their exam

1. MASTOIDITIS
DEPARTMENT
OF
MEDICAL SURGICAL NURSING

2. Learning objectives
AT THE END OF THIS LECTURER, STUDENTS
SHOULD BE ABLE TO:
•DEFINE MASTOIDITIS
•ENLIST THE CAUSES OF MASTOIDITIS
•ENUMERATE THE SIGNS & SYMPTOMS OF
MASTOIDITIS
•DESCRIBE DIAGNOSTIC EVALUATION OF
MASTOIDITIS
•EXPLAIN MANAGEMENT OF MASTOIDITIS

3. Definition
Mastoiditis is an inflammation of
mastoid resulting from an infection
of the middle ear.

5. CAUSES
• Streptococcus pneumoniae
• Haemophilus influenzae
• E. coli
• Recurrent episode of ASOM
• Chronic otitis media may cause chronic mastoiditis.

6. SIGN & SYMPTOMS
• Pain & tenderness behind the ear
• Fever , irritability
• Lethargy
• Swelling of the ear
• Discharge from the middle ear
• Mastoid area that becomes erythematous & edematous
• Otoscopic evaluation of the tympanic membrane reveals
cholesteatoma

7. DIAGNOSTIC EVALUATION
• History collection
• Physical examination
• Routine blood investigations
• Otoscopic evaluation of the tympanic membrane

8. MEDICAL MANAGEMENT
• Administer Antipyretic if patient have fever.
• Antibiotic like ampicilline, penicilline,etc.
• Analgesic if required.

9. SURGICAL MANAGEMENT
• Mastoidectomy may be necessary to remove the
cholesteatoma and gain access to diseased structures.

10. NURSING MANAGEMENT
• During the health history, collect data about the ear problem,
• During the physical assessment, observe the erythema,
edema, otorrhea, lesions & odor color of the discharge.
• Review results of audiogram.

11. COMPLICATION
• Chronic mastoiditis can lead to the formation of
Cholesteatoma
• If mastoiditis is untreated, osteomyelitis may occur.
• Facial paralysis
• Hearing loss
• Brain abscess or meninitis

12. NURSING DIAGNOSIS
• Acute pain related to mastoid infection.
• Hyperthermia related to inflammatory process
• Imbalance nutritional status less than body requirement related to
decrease intake , and irritability
• Knowledge deficit related to disease prognosis
• Risk for infection related to mastoidectomy, placement of grafts,
prostheses.
• Anxiety related to surgical procedure.

13. Summary
• So far we have discussed about Definition, causes, clinical
manifestation, diagnostic evaluation and management of
Mastoiditis.

14. Thank You