detail description of mastoiditis

1. Ms SAHELI C
LECTURER
IACN

2. INTRODUCTION
The mastoid process is the portion
of the temporal bone of the skull
that is behind the ear which
contains open, air-containing
spaces.

3. It is an inflammation of
mastoid process behind the ear
and of the air space connecting
it to the cavity of the middle
ear.
DEFINITION

4. 1. Infection of the middle ear.
2.Injury of the mastoid bone and cells.
3.Upper respiratory infection.
- Rhinitis.
- Sinusitis.
4. Related to zygoma fractures.
5. Cholesteatoma
ETIOLOGY

5. SIGN AND
SYMPTOMS.
Otalgia ( ear pain.)
Swelling of the mastoid bone.
Loss of hearing.
Sever pain at eating time.
Painless discharge from the effected ear.
Nausea, vomiting.
Increased cranial pressure.
Otorrhoea ( purulent discharge.) may be
odourless or foul smelling.
Perforation of the ear drum.

6. 1. Due to etiological factor
2. Infection of the middle ear
3. Acute otitis media
4. Infection reaches at mastoid air cells
5. Inflammation of the mastoid process.

7. DIAGNOSTIC EVALUATION
1. History collection.
2. Physical examination.
3. Mastoid bone x ray.
4. CT scan.
5. Lab: CBC, DLC, Blood culture, tympanocentesis.
6. Audiography.

8. MEDICAL MANAGEMENT
1. Antibiotic and steroid ear drop for infection
and inflammation.
E.g.,Ciplox-D
2.Ear- Irrigation – for purulent drainage.
3.Analgesic drugs, e.g., Aspirin, Nimuslide.

9. SURGICAL MANAGEMENT
1. Mastoidectomy: It is a surgical procedure that removes diseases
mastoid air cells.
2. Myringotomy: It is a surgical procedure in which a tiny incision is
created in the eardrum relieves pressure caused by excessive build up of
fluid or pus.
3. Tympanoplasty: also called eardrum repair. It is the surgical
reconstruction of the perforated eardrum or the small bones of the
middle ear.

10. NURSING MANAGEMENT :
• Assess pain for location, intensity etc.
• Administer analgesics as prescribed to relieve pain.
• Administer antibiotics as ordered.
• Administer antipyretics as prescribed.
• Provide plenty of fluids.
• Use cool water sponging to reduce body temperature,
• Encourage patient and family to use signs of non verbal
communication such facial expression, pointing, body
movement.

11. NURSING DIAGNOSIS
• High risk for infection relate to tissue destruction.
• Pain relate to physical factors.
• Altered auditory sensory perception related to partial/total
perforation of tympanic membrane.
• Impaired verbal communication related to hearing deficit.
• High risk for trauma related to balance difficulty.