Colorectal cancer is the third most common cancer in India and develops from the colon or rectum. Risk factors include increasing age, family history of colon cancer, smoking, and a history of gastrectomy. Symptoms can include changes in bowel habits, rectal bleeding, abdominal pain, unintended weight loss, and rectal lesions. Diagnostic tests include abdominal and rectal exams, sigmoidoscopy, and virtual colonoscopy. Treatment may involve radiation therapy, chemotherapy with drugs like 5-flurouracil or capecitabine, and surgery. Prevention strategies aim to reduce risk through lifestyle changes.

1. Presented By
Ms. Elizabeth M.Sc(N),
Asst. Professor,
Dept of MSN, NNC

2. DEFINITION
Colorectal cancer (CRC), also known as bowel cancer and colon cancer,
is the development of cancer from the colon or rectum

3. RISK FACTOR /
CAUSES
• Increasing age.
• Previous colon cancer
• Smoking.
• History of gastrectomy.

4. INCIDENCE
The colorectal cancer is the third most common cancer case in India.
Incidence increases with age and is higher in people with family history
of colon cancer. Men are having high risk then women.

5. STAGES OF COLORECTAL CANCER

6. TNM CLASSIFICATION OF COLORECTAL
CANCER

7. PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
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8. CLINICAL FEATURES
• A change in bowel habits, such as diarrhea, constipation
• Rectal bleeding with bright red blood
• Cramping or abdominal pain
• Unintended weight loss
• Rectal lesions and tenesmus.

9. DIAGNOSTIC EVALUATION
• Abdominal and rectal examination.
• Sigmoidoscopy.
• Virtual colonoscopy.

10. TREATMENT
• Radiation therapy.
• Chemotherapy (5-flurouracil, capecitabine )
• Surgery.

14. Nursing diagnosis

15. PREVENTION OF COLORECTAL CANCER