This document provides guidance on creating effective lesson plans. It emphasizes that teachers should carefully plan what they want students to learn, how it will be taught, and how learning will be assessed. The key components of a good lesson plan are outlined, including setting objectives, introducing the topic, breaking the lesson into timed steps, addressing different learning styles, allowing time for student questions and reflection, and providing appropriate assessment and homework. Continuous assessment and adapting plans based on student needs are also encouraged. Overall, the document stresses the importance of thorough preparation and a variety of teaching methods to create engaging and effective lessons.

2. Why plan?
You need to keep these questions in
mind:
0 What do you want to teach?
0 Why do you want to teach it?
0 How much do students already know about it?
0 How much time will you need to teach it?
0 What things will you need in class in order to teach?
0 How will you go about it step by step?
0 How will you know your students have learnt?
Just as for good cooking
you need to know how to
cook, what ingredients you
need and how much time
you will take, for good
teaching, too, you need to
plan!

3. The objective
Keep the following things in mind when defining the objective:
0 What task will the students accomplish?
0 What content do you want them to learn?
0 Under what conditions will they learn it?
0 Eg. The students will identify, draw and label the parts of a flower
after observing flowers and matching flash cards.
What do you
want the
students to
learn and
how?

4. Warming up
0 Students are not automatically ready to receive what you are
teaching. Create their interest, grab their attention and guage their
previous knowledge.
0 A warm up activity can be a song or a game or pictures that get
them to start thinking on the topic and talking about it.
It is important to know
your students and make
them feel comfortable in
your class. Only then will
they be ready to learn!

5. Planning your time
0 Identify how much can be covered in a fixed amount of time.
0 Break the plan into sections so that you can speed up or slow
down to accommodate changes
Eg.
11.00 to 11.10 – Warm up activity
11.10 to 11.20 – Dissection and observation
of a flower
11.20 to 11.30 – Matching flash cards etc.
Don’t try to
include too much.
Leave some space
for assimilation

6. Steps
Plan the lesson step by step.
Eg.
0 Dissection and observation of the parts of a flower
0 Matching of flash cards
0 Drawing and labelling the parts of a flower etc.
Students can work on
their own, in pairs or
groups.
Every student learns differently. Some can
read and understand. Others need to hear it
or see it while some others need to use their
hands to create and learn. Address these
different learning styles.
Give time for
students to learn
at their own
pace,.
Some learn faster
than others. Some
may take time.

7. Reflection
0 Leave at least ten minutes at the end of the class for students to ask
questions.
0 This could start as a discussion and lead to probing questions.
0 It could also be a time for clarification
While taking a lesson on flowers
you could bring in poems, songs
art , craft, dance related to
flowers to make the lesson lively
and for students to find
connections between different
subjects.

8. Conclusion
An abrupt stopping of the lesson leaves the learner
uncomfortable. It is good to remind students of what
they have learnt during the lesson. Give enough time
for a neat conclusion!
That doesn’t mean you
don’t leave open ended
questions, encouraging
students to think and find
out more!

9. Assessment
Continuous and comprehensive assessment can happen throughout the
lesson at different points of time.
Eg. You can assess students on :
0 Observation and discussion
0 Team work
0 Matching of flash cards
0 Drawing and labelling
0 Research work etc.
Instead of only asking
questions that test
memory, ask questions
that make students
imagine, compare,
contrast, evaluate and
apply concepts!
Assessment is related to the objective s of the
lesson. The assessment should test whether or
not your objectives have been met.

10. Home work
Home work can be used for:
0 Recapitulation and assessment
Eg. Draw and label the parts of a flower
0 Research
Eg. Find out the names of ten common flowers in your
neighbourhood
Give interesting homework so
that the students feel like
attempting it. Meaningless
repetitive exercises are
unnecessary and boring!
You could involve parents or the community in the
research work given to students. Students could find
out facts about their surroundings, for example , by
interviewing their family members and people in the
neighbourhood.

11. A complete lesson plan should include the following details:
0 The subject being taught
0 The topic/subtopic
0 The grade/class it is meant for
0 The resources required
0 The time taken to conduct the lesson
0 The objectives of the lesson
0 The steps
0 Reflection and recapitulation
0 Assessment/home work
Allow yourself to be
spontaneous in class and
divert from the lesson plan
if needed as long as you
can guide the students
back to the topic/activity
After the class, reflect on the lesson plan.
What worked and what didn’t and why?
Would you do it differently the next time?

12. Enjoy planning your lesson.
Be creative!