ALL CONCEPTS OF MAGNETIC LEVITATIONS. TYPES OF MAGNETIC LEVITATIONS. APPLICATIONS OF MAGNETIC LEVITATION WITH EXAMPLES,PICTURES. WELL DEFINED CONCEPT. MAGLEV TRAINS WORKING OF MAGLEV TRAINS. COMPARISION BETWEEN MAGLEV TRAIN AND CONVENTIONAL TRAINS. FUTURE SCOPE. CONCLUSIONS ADVANTAGES AMD DISADVANTAGES. REFRENCES BEST TRANTITIONS ADDED.

1. PHYSICS
ACTIVITY WORK
Presented by:
KRISHNARAJ MISHRA
(VADODARA INSTITUTE
OF ENGINEERING)
1ST YEAR

2. MAGNETIC LEVITATION

3. FLOW OF PRESENTATION
 Introduction
 Fundamentals
 Types of MAGNETIC LEVITATION
 Applications of MAGLEV
 Maglev Trains
 Principle of Maglev Train
 Working of Maglev Train
 Comparison b/w Maglev and Conventional
Train
 Advantages and Limitations
 Future Scope
 Conclusion
 References

4. INTRODUCTION
Magnetic levitation is
method by which an object
is suspended in air without
any support other then
magnetic field.
Electromagnetic force is
used to counteract the
effects of gravitational
force.

5. FUNDAMENTALS
One arrangement is made here
where bar magnet is made to
levitate.
Like poles REPEL while
unlike poles ATTRACT.

6. TYPES OF LEVITATION
 Mechanical constraint
 Direct diamagnetic levitation
 Superconductors
 Eddy current principle in electromagnet
 Servo stabilization.

7. ELECTROMAGNET
 The magnetic field is caused by
the flow of an electric current.
 Simplest example is coiled
piece of wire.
 Using the right hand rule, it is
possible to determine the
direction.
 An advantage over permanent
magnets is that the magnetic
field strength can be changed
by changing the current.

8. APPLICATIONS OF MAGLEV
 Maglev Trains
 Maglev Trucks
 Maglev Space Propulsion
 Maglev Bearing

9. MAGLEV TRAINS
Driving without wheels & Flying without wings

10. BASIC PRINCIPLE
Maglev (derived from
magnetic levitation), is a
system of transportation
that uses magnetic
levitation to suspend,
guide and propel vehicles
from magnets.

11. MagLev “Guideways” or Tracks
Track repels magnets on
undercarriage of train, sending
the train forward.
Train levitates between 1 and 10
cm above guide way.

12. PROPULTION SYSTEM
The system consists of
aluminum three-phase cable
windings in the stator packs
that are on the guide-way.
When a current is supplied
to the windings, it creates a
traveling alternating current
that propels the train forward
by pushing and pulling.

13. EMS & EDS
Electromagnetic suspension Electrodynamic suspension

14. How Japan maglev Works??
This train uses superconducting electric magnets in the
vehicle to levitate and propel the train. These magnets
are cooled by liquid helium or liquid nitrogen. This
means that once electrified these magnets do not require
additional energy.

15. The Japanese Yamanashi maglev train uses
superconducting magnets on its sides.

16. The German Trans-Rapid maglev train uses
powered electromagnets attracting upward
to an iron rail.

17. The Shanghai Maglev Train reaches 431 km/h
during its daily service.

18. MAGLEV V/S CONVENTIONAL TRAIN
MagLev Trains Conventional Trains
No Friction = Less
Maintenance
Routine Maintenance
Needed
No Engine = No fuel
required
Engine requires fossil
fuels
Speeds in excess of
300 mph
Speeds up to 110 mph

19.  Less energy consumption because no rail-track
friction
 Requires no fossil fuel which can harm the
environment.
 Less noise pollution since the train never hits
the track
 MagLev guideways and trains take up less
space than conventional trains
Better for the Environment

20. ADVANTAGES & LIMITATIONS
ADVANTAGES LIMITATIONS
More economical.
Environment friendly.
Less energy consumption.
Less noise pollution.
Take less space.
Requires complex
circuitry.
Requires highly skilled
and trained operators.
Requires more research.

21. If the Maglev vehicles operate in a low-pressure tunnel,
however, air drag is effectively zero and no longer a factor, so
that vehicles can travel at speeds of thousands of miles per
hour. There still is a small magnetic drag due to power losses
in the normal metal loops on the guide way, but this does not
impose any practical limit.
FUTURE SCOPE
 MagLev Trains in INDIA.
 Maglev space propulsion.
 Electric generators- made with superconducting wire: They have a 99%
efficiency and have about half the size of conventional generators.

22. Magnetic levitation is very advantageous
technology with promising future scopes to be
used in almost every fields. Although it is yet
to be completely explored but the existing
technology can also significantly develop our
life to a large extent.
CONCLUSION

23. REFRENCES
 www.wikipedia.org
 www.ieee.org
 Bonsor, Kevin. “How Maglev Trains
Work”. 5 September, 2002.
<http://travel.howstuffworks.com/magle
v-train.htm>.
 Keating, Oliver. “Maglevs (Magnetically
Levitated Trains)”. 16 June, 2000.
<http://www.okeating.com/hsr/maglev.ht
m>

24. Thank You……..