A wireless sensor network is proposed to monitor buildings using strain and acceleration sensors to assess earthquake damage. Sensors are mounted at the base and on each floor to measure settlement, structural response, and seismic activity. The sensors communicate wirelessly using a low power 900MHz network and can operate for up to 12 years on batteries. Acceleration data is transmitted during quakes and used by the base station to remotely trigger recording at other sensor locations across the building.

1. LOW POWER WIRELESS SENSOR NETWORK FOR
BUILDING MONITORING
ABSTRACT
A wireless sensor network is proposed for monitoring buildings to assess
earthquake
damage.
The
sensor
nodes
use
custom-developed
capacitive
micro
electromechanical systems strain and 3-D acceleration sensors and a low power readout
application-specified integrated circuit for a battery life of up to 12 years. The strain sensors
are mounted at the base of the building to measure the settlement and plastic hinge activation
of the building after an earthquake. They measure periodically or on-demand from the base
station. The accelerometers are mounted at every floor of the building to measure the seismic
response of the building during an earthquake. They record during an earthquake event using
a combination of the local acceleration data and remote triggering from the base station based
on the acceleration data from multiple sensors across the building. Low power network
architecture was implemented over an 802.15.4 MAC in the 900-MHz band. A custom patch
antenna was designed in this frequency band to obtain robust links in real-world conditions.
The modules have been validated in a full-scale laboratory setup with simulated earthquakes.
EXISTING SYSTEM
In the present system, the camera is used to monitor the environment of the
building. The present system is available in major shopping mall, hotels, and etc for the video
monitoring for security purpose. But if a building will damage because of earthquake or some
natural disaster there is no indication for those. For that particular purpose our proposed
system comes to exist.
PROPOSED SYSTEM
In this paper we propose the building monitoring through the accelerometer
sensor. The information from the sensor network will be updated on the PC through
wirelessly by using the Zigbee. The accelerometers are mounted at every floor of the building
to measure the seismic response of the building during an earthquake. They record during an
earthquake event using a combination of the local acceleration data and remote triggering
from the base station based on the acceleration data from multiple sensors across the

2. building. Zigbee is a transreceiver and it will used to transmit and receive data wirelessly. By
using a GPRS wireless transmission module the collected data from the zigbee receiver will
be transmitted or updated on the network. . Low power network architecture was
implemented over an 802.15.4 MAC in the 900-MHz band. A custom patch antenna was
designed in this frequency band to obtain robust links in real-world conditions.
BLOCK DIAGRAM
HARDWARE REQUIREMENTS
1.
Microcontroller
2.
Zigbee
3.
Accelerometer sensor
4.
Power supply

3. SOFTWARE REQUIREMENTS
1.
Visual studio
2.
Flash magic
3.
Keil IDE