This document proposes a flexible and reconfigurable system on chip (SOC) for a sensor network using a Zynq processor. The system would allow remote configuration and control over Ethernet. It uses a Zynq-7000 all programmable SOC on a ZYBO board, with a partially reconfigurable region on the FPGA. Sensor values would be collected via Zigbee and transmitted to the ZYBO controller over wireless. Embedded Linux would implement the control logic and device drivers to communicate with the reconfigurable region. This flexible design allows adaptation to different connected sensors with partial reconfiguration times of 10ms or full reconfiguration in 310ms.

1. FLEXIBLE AND RECONFIGURABLE SOC FOR SENSOR NETWORK
UNDER ZYNQ PROCESSOR
K. Keerthana1
, R. Prashanthi 2
1
PG Scholar, Dept of ECE, Audisankara College of Engineering & Technology (Autonomous),
Gudur, Nellore, Andhra Pradesh.
2
Associate professor, Dept of ECE, Audisankara College of Engineering &Technology (Autonomous),
Gudur, Nellore, Andhra Pradesh
Abstract--In last few years, industrial PC interface
products have become increasingly reliable and
accurate. Now PC based data acquisition and control
systems are widely used in industrial applications like
monitoring and controlling these can be performed
remotely in hazardous areas. In this paper flexible
and partially reconfigurable SOC for data acquisition
system has been proposed. A sensor network is
composed of a large number of sensor nodes which
are placed inside the phenomenon or very close to it.
Communication nodes are linked by a wireless
medium. Zigbee collects data from sensors that can
be connected to microcontroller to read the values.
Those values can be sent through zigbee at receiver
side so to process it for further transferring through
HTTP for displaying the values in monitor and
webpage. The system uses embedded Linux to
implement the configuration, control logic and the
device drivers to communicate with the partial
reconfigurable region. Partial reconfiguration time is
10ms and the full reconfiguration time is 310ms
achieved.
Keywords—partial reconfiguration,
data acquisition system, internet of things, zybo.
I.INTRODUCTION
In industrial, DAS plays a major role for large and
complex situations. Detection and removal of faulty
sensors is very critical so it can be considered as a
self-diagnosis test. At all times sensors may not be
active for entire duration of a system. In these
situations it is optimal to keep unused sensors in
standby mode for to reduce power consumption and
chip area is also reduced.
If any faulty sensors is detected it is better to
keep away from the interface part associated with
that sensor in idle mode to save power and to prevent
erroneous readings. After getting values it can be
reconfigurable it has an advantage that they can be
made to adapt to the changing needs of the entire
system. Devices which are reconfigurable provide
better performance than software running on
microprocessors.
For replacing the configuration file on
FPGA for realizing hardware on the chip by using
dynamic reconfigurable systems. The goal is to
exploit the area of the FPGA for more than one
hardware module. The hardware is configured on
demand, means that if a specific function is required,
a hardware module is configured onto the FPGA. The
areas re-use leads to a virtual extension of the chip
area without using a bigger physical chip. It leads to a
reduction of power consumption and their cost
because smaller FPGA is cheaper.
Data acquisition is the process of sampling
signals that measure real world physical conditions
and converts their result samples into digital numeric
values that can be manipulated by a computer. DAS
includes Sensors, to convert physical parameters to
electrical signals. Analog to digital for to convert
conditioned sensor signals to digital values. DAS
located in hazardous areas should the capability to be
operated and monitored from remote locations.
Embedded systems are suitable in areas where remote
control and monitoring is required. In larger
applications it is better to use a standardized
operating system that can provide interfaces for
programming. DAQs having intelligent enough to
detect the change in sensors connected to them.
In this paper we propose flexible and
reconfigurable data acquisition system that can adapt
to the sensor connected to it. Controller detects the
sensor values at transmitter side and it transmits to
receiver by using Zigbee module. The control logic
for identifying the sensor and configuring it are run
on embedded Linux. We have used the Xilinx Zynq-
7000 AP (All Programmable) SOC on a ZYBO board
for the hardware. The hardware design is carried out
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2. using Xilinx. Embedded Linux tools were used to
configure and compile and to handle the software
aspects of this work .This paper can structure as
follows. Section II gives the literature survey. Section
III discuss the proposed system. Section IV gives
hardware configuration on the ZYBO Board. Section
V describes the software aspects of this work which
includes the setting up of embedded Linux, which
allows for the remote monitoring of the system over
the Ethernet. And finally we conclude with a mention
of the results observed and future work possible.
II. LITERATURE SURVEY
M.Al Kadi, P. Rudolph, D. Gohringer, proposed
“Dynamic and partial reconfiguration of zynq 7000
under Linux,” in reconfigurable computing and
FPGAs. Partial and dynamic reconfiguration is a
well-known technique for updating the configuration
of a field programmable gate array at run time. In this
domain Xilinx and FPGA are used. It can be
applicable for simple situations. In complex cases
this technique keeps away from many applications.
Smaller FPGA is used for to reduce the power
consumption and less cost due to a partial
reconfiguration region. This area provides space for
accelerator which can be loaded and updated at
runtime.
K. Vipin and S. A. Fahmy, proposed
“Automated partial reconfiguration design for
adaptive systems with copr for zynq,” in Field-
Programmable Custom Computing Machines. For
continuously monitor their environment and adapt
their behavior response to change. It finds fully
automated framework in a system but not accessed
remotely.
In this project we are using DAS and WSN
is shown in figure 1 and 2. Now we propose a
framework for a data acquisition system that having
following features:
 Remote configuration and control over
Ethernet.
 In selected areas of FPGA we dynamic
partial reconfigurable
 By using DAS easily find out the sensors
connected to it.
 Use of embedded Linux for configuration,
control logic and device drivers to
communicate with their region.
Initially single core controller used which have
limited data rate. Now we are using ZYBO board
having dual core processor.
At a time data can be acquired and required
in parallel with speed faster than ARM9 and ARM 11
boards. The performance is fast when compared to
other boards.
III. PROPOSED SYSTEM
Wireless sensor network
Wireless network of distributed autonomous sensors
to monitor physical or environmental conditions such
as temperature, LDR, humidity sensor etc. and to
continuously transfer their data through the network
to a main location. Large number of heterogeneous
sensor node devices spread over a large field. It is a
combination of wireless sensing and data networking.
Mostly modern networks are bi-directional as well as
it enables control of sensor activity. Wireless sensor
networks were mostly used in military applications
such as battlefield surveillance; today such networks
are used in many industrial and consumer
applications, machine health monitoring.
Fig. 1: Wireless Sensor network
Internet of things
It refers to a wireless network between objects.
Usually the network to be wireless and self-
configuring such as house appliances Internet is a
network to communicate with one another using
computers, but IOT is a platform for devices to
communicate electronically with world around them.
It provides better advanced connectivity of devices,
systems, and services that goes beyond machine–to-
machine communication and covers different types of
protocols and applications.
Fig. 2: Internet of things
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3. In existing automatic control panels are used for
monitoring and controlling the parameters of
machines in industries. But most of the control panels
are wire panels and those machines are controlled
and monitored by room operator by using wired
network. The wires are moving through walls and
sometimes underground also. If any breakdown arises
of these wires is difficult to find faults in industries.
If wires are in closed position, if any faults arises we
cannot find easily. Suppose we recognize the fault it
takes time to repair them. And at the same time
operator cannot move from one room to another.
Every time operator has gone to room to monitor and
control the operation.
To overcome this, we propose a method i.e.,
flexible and reconfigurable network based on DAS
and IOT. Without using wires we can implement so
that it automatically reduces size and delay is less
because ZYBO is a dual core processor. At a time it
can acquire data and processes that data parallel
using remote. So operator can operate in any place
depending upon their wireless LAN range. At a time
we can operate in two systems.
IV. HARDWARE IMPLEMENTATION
TRANSMITTER:
`
RECEIVER:
We are designing latest embedded system by using
wireless sensor network and Internet of Things. We
are designed a system by using ZYBO and AT89S52
which supports algorithms and features for the
development of industrial automation systems. In
these project we use two systems for two-way
communication, first one consist of Microcontroller-
atmel (89s52) is used for interfacing sensors for to
read data, relays for controlling devices whereas
zigbee for wireless communication to transfer sensor
data to ZYBO controller. Second system consists of
ZYBO, Ethernet controller and Zigbee module. In
second System, Zigbee collects data from first one
and transfer the data to Internet through web-server
technology based on embedded. We can directly
access the data through remote location computer. If
any abnormal condition arises we can control devices
like fan and light through remote computer. Open
source libraries and tools are available for ZYBO-
Linux wireless network for development and
controlling of devices. We can monitor and control
the WSN remotely using internet and webserver.
ZYBO (ZYNQ) board
It is a feature-rich, readily usable, entry-level
embedded software and digital circuit development
platform is built around the lesser member of the
Xilinx Zynq-7000 family.it is based on the Xilinx All
Programmable SOC architecture, it can integrates a
dual-core ARM Cortex-A9 processor with Xilinx 7-
series Field Programmable Gate Array logic.
It couples with set of multimedia and
connectivity peripherals available on the
ZYBO.FPGA logic designs meld with embedded
ARM software development for easy to design flow.
They can be used for designing systems of any
complexity, from a complete OS.
Fig. 3: ZYBO board
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4. zybo kit contains a 5V/2.5A regulated power
supply, 16GB microSD card. There are three ways
of giving power supply are 5v supply power jack,
USB port, wall charger or power supply externally
connected. For every supply, Jumper is necessary
for all sources. It includes four slide switches and
push buttons, 4 LEDs directly connected to the
Zynq in additionally two push buttons and one led
via MIO pins are shown in figure 3. These are
connected via series resistors to avoid damage in
short circuits. Depending upon the configuration,
this connector can be used to input differential
analog signals to ADC inside the device. All pins
can be converted into analog to digital because we
are getting sensor values in digital those values can
be converted by using DAS
V. SOFTWARE IMPLEMENTATION
For implementing software applications with a ported
version of embedded Linux and QT creator. Linux or
GNU/Linux is a freely distributable operating system
for computers. Free and open source software means
that anyone can download it without any license. It
can portable to any processor, scalable and stable.
For compiling and configuring the embedded Linux
kernel is Ubuntu 12.2 version as shown in figure 4.
Embedded Linux over a real time operating system
tends to support new IP addresses and other protocols
which require less memory nearly 1GB.Ubuntu
server and desktop are used in this application.
Fig. 4: LINUX flowchart
Qt for Embedded Linux:
QT is a Cross platform application development
framework. It having 3 licenses .GUI programming is
a domain that requires both runtime efficiency and a
high level of flexibility. Although C++ object model
is efficient at runtime but its static nature is
inefficient in graphical domain. Qt provides this, by
combining the speed of C++ with the flexibility of
the Qt Object Model.
Qt framework is widely used for
software devices such as VLC media player, Virtual
box, KDE, etc. Now a days user uses a variety of
different platforms. For qt framework it is important
that developers can have a user interface graphically
front that can be run in most system environment and
it is easy to implement.
VI. RESULTS
Transmitter side:
Receiver side:
Simulated result:
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5. Output photos:
By using IP address same values can be displayed on
other system.By using control switches we can
operate those corresponding devices.
VII. CONCLUSION
The project has been successfully designed and
tested. It develops by integrating all features of the
hardware components and software used. Each and
every module can be carefully placed when we are
working in the project. Secondly, using highly
advanced ZYBO board and with the help of latest
technology the project has been successfully
implemented.
ZYBO having high data rates and parallel
processing system. By using this project, we can
display the temperature, LDR, humidity sensors in a
monitor and at the same time display those values in
a webpage also. Operator operates in two ways:
1. For control and monitor the values at a
particular room in one system.
2. By using Ethernet connection, same
values can be displayed on other system. We control
those devices remotely depending upon their LAN
range connected with same IP addresses. We can
operate these values in two monitors.
So it can be flexible and reconfigurable for
sensor network devices.
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BIOGRAPHIES
K. Keerthana is currently PG scholar
of ES in Audisankara College Of
Engineering and Technology, Gudur
(Autonomous), SPSR Nellore (Dist),
Affiliated to JNTU Anantapur. She
received B.TECH degree in
Electronics and Communication
Engineering from JNTUA.
R. Prashanthi is working as
Associate Professor at Audisankara
College Of Engineering and
Technology (Autonomous),Gudur,
SPSR Nellore, AP.
ISBN:978-1535061506
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