SlideShare a Scribd company logo
Limbic System
Structure and Function
Outline
1) Neuroanatomy of the Limbic System
2) Circuits in the Limbic system
3) Functions of the Limbic System (plus HM and
Kluver-Bucy syndrome)
4) Memory and amnesia- coming soon!
Of rabid dogs and neuroanatomists
Where is it?
Limbic= border or edge (rim)
1) Medial aspect
2) Both Cortical and Sub-cortical structures
3) Involves parts of Frontal, Parietal and
Temporal lobes
4) Highly interconnected
Cortical Components
1) Frontal= Orbitofrontal and anterior cingulate
cortex
2) Parietal= Posterior cingulate cortex
3) Temporal= Parahippocampal cortex
Subcortical components
1) Hippocampus(partly)
2) Amygdala
3) Accumbens?
4) Septal and
Basal nuclei
Hippocampus
1) Intimately related to the ventricular system
2) Continuous with fornix- the output network
3) Fornix moves posterosuperiorly, and at the
splenium it curves forwards suspended by the
septum pellucidum.
4) Reach the mammillary body and septal nuclei
(of the hypothalamus)
Before we move on,
1) Where is the limbic system?
2) What are its cortical structures?
3) What are its subcortical structures?
4) Trace the course of the fornix
Amygdala and the rest
Amygdala= Collection of nuclei in the entorhinal
cortex, follows on from the tail of caudate
nucleus
Output= stria terminalis, runs on the ROOF of
inferior horn of the lateral ventricle (cf fornix)
Terminates in the hypothalamus and septal
nuclei
Finally
Accumbens nucleus= Terminal of mesolimbic
pathway
Septal nuclei= Under the septum pellucidum
Papez Circuit
START HERE
Amygdala connections
Functions of the Limbic System
1) Reward and punishment, via being involved
in memory and learning
2) The ‘survival police’
Action
Memory and
Evaluation
Reward or
punishment
Learning Emotion
Motivation
What do the bits and pieces do?
As we said before 3 cortical components:
1) Orbitofrontal Cortex- Behaviour mods to avoid a
future threat ie how to avoid negative stimulus.
Involved in OCD.
2) Cingulate cortex- Anterior in two bits= rostral ->
how to deal with pain, Caudal -> Quantify the
severity (objectification) of pain. Posterior ??
Visuospatial memory?
3) Parahippocampal gyrus- Learning and memory!
Understanding function through
dysfunction
The Famous case of HM:
Had medial temporal lobe’s removed -> lost all
his parahippocampal cortex and part of
amygdala on both sides.
Post- op: Severe anterograde amnesia with
preserved STM.
Lessons learned from HM
Hippocampus is very important for memory,
BUT not where memories are stored!
Further studies, tell us that it allows for easy
retrieval of memories and for proper transfer of
experience into LTM.
Also, not involved in learning or retrieving motor
skills.
Kluver Bucy Syndrome
Bilateral removal of amygdala in monkeys, made
them bonkers.
Further studies showed that: It complements
the hippocampus in labelling of experiences by
identifying their emotional component.
And finally,
Septal and Basal Forebrain nuclei:
Contain loads of Ach, project to the whole of the
cortex, and are lost in AD.
Their activity may allow strengthening of
synapses/ consolidation of memory.
So,
Hippocampus labels information wrt place &
date
Amygdala labels wrt to emotional component
Basal and septal nuclei consolidate the
information

More Related Content

What's hot

Basal ganglia - Anatomy, Neurochemistry, Connections, Disorders
Basal ganglia - Anatomy, Neurochemistry, Connections, DisordersBasal ganglia - Anatomy, Neurochemistry, Connections, Disorders
Basal ganglia - Anatomy, Neurochemistry, Connections, Disorders
Rahul Kumar
 
frontal lobe anatomy and clinical relevance
frontal lobe anatomy and clinical relevancefrontal lobe anatomy and clinical relevance
frontal lobe anatomy and clinical relevance
Imran Rizvi
 
Temporal lobe ppt
Temporal lobe pptTemporal lobe ppt
Temporal lobe ppt
NeurologyKota
 
Thalamus
ThalamusThalamus
Thalamus
Anwar Siddiqui
 
Basal ganglia
Basal gangliaBasal ganglia
Basal ganglia
Enoch R G
 
Limbic system by dr ali
Limbic system by dr aliLimbic system by dr ali
Limbic system by dr ali
OSMAN ALI MD
 
Approach to temporal lobe anatomy,function,epilepsy MRI finding
Approach to temporal lobe anatomy,function,epilepsy MRI findingApproach to temporal lobe anatomy,function,epilepsy MRI finding
Approach to temporal lobe anatomy,function,epilepsy MRI finding
Dr Surendra Khosya
 
Limbic system
Limbic systemLimbic system
Limbic system
Purnima Kartha
 
Thalamus ppt
Thalamus pptThalamus ppt
Thalamus ppt
Natália M
 
Commissural fibres
Commissural fibresCommissural fibres
Commissural fibres
Chaitra Chinmayee M K
 
4 th ventricle- Anatomical and surgical perspective
4 th ventricle- Anatomical and surgical perspective4 th ventricle- Anatomical and surgical perspective
4 th ventricle- Anatomical and surgical perspective
suresh Bishokarma
 
BASAL GANGLIA
BASAL GANGLIABASAL GANGLIA
BASAL GANGLIA
Shanavas Cholakkal
 
LIMBIC SYSTEM
LIMBIC SYSTEMLIMBIC SYSTEM
LIMBIC SYSTEM
Dr Nilesh Kate
 
Venous drainage of brain
Venous drainage of brainVenous drainage of brain
Venous drainage of brain
Rati Tandon
 
Thalamus
ThalamusThalamus
Thalamus
Siva Pesala
 
Basal ganglia
Basal ganglia Basal ganglia
Basal ganglia
Priyanka Srivastava
 
Frontal lobe
Frontal lobeFrontal lobe
Frontal lobe
Sachin Adukia
 
frontal lobe
frontal lobefrontal lobe
Anatomy of basal ganglia
Anatomy of basal gangliaAnatomy of basal ganglia
Anatomy of basal ganglia
MBBS IMS MSU
 
Parietal lobe ppt
Parietal lobe pptParietal lobe ppt
Parietal lobe ppt
NeurologyKota
 

What's hot (20)

Basal ganglia - Anatomy, Neurochemistry, Connections, Disorders
Basal ganglia - Anatomy, Neurochemistry, Connections, DisordersBasal ganglia - Anatomy, Neurochemistry, Connections, Disorders
Basal ganglia - Anatomy, Neurochemistry, Connections, Disorders
 
frontal lobe anatomy and clinical relevance
frontal lobe anatomy and clinical relevancefrontal lobe anatomy and clinical relevance
frontal lobe anatomy and clinical relevance
 
Temporal lobe ppt
Temporal lobe pptTemporal lobe ppt
Temporal lobe ppt
 
Thalamus
ThalamusThalamus
Thalamus
 
Basal ganglia
Basal gangliaBasal ganglia
Basal ganglia
 
Limbic system by dr ali
Limbic system by dr aliLimbic system by dr ali
Limbic system by dr ali
 
Approach to temporal lobe anatomy,function,epilepsy MRI finding
Approach to temporal lobe anatomy,function,epilepsy MRI findingApproach to temporal lobe anatomy,function,epilepsy MRI finding
Approach to temporal lobe anatomy,function,epilepsy MRI finding
 
Limbic system
Limbic systemLimbic system
Limbic system
 
Thalamus ppt
Thalamus pptThalamus ppt
Thalamus ppt
 
Commissural fibres
Commissural fibresCommissural fibres
Commissural fibres
 
4 th ventricle- Anatomical and surgical perspective
4 th ventricle- Anatomical and surgical perspective4 th ventricle- Anatomical and surgical perspective
4 th ventricle- Anatomical and surgical perspective
 
BASAL GANGLIA
BASAL GANGLIABASAL GANGLIA
BASAL GANGLIA
 
LIMBIC SYSTEM
LIMBIC SYSTEMLIMBIC SYSTEM
LIMBIC SYSTEM
 
Venous drainage of brain
Venous drainage of brainVenous drainage of brain
Venous drainage of brain
 
Thalamus
ThalamusThalamus
Thalamus
 
Basal ganglia
Basal ganglia Basal ganglia
Basal ganglia
 
Frontal lobe
Frontal lobeFrontal lobe
Frontal lobe
 
frontal lobe
frontal lobefrontal lobe
frontal lobe
 
Anatomy of basal ganglia
Anatomy of basal gangliaAnatomy of basal ganglia
Anatomy of basal ganglia
 
Parietal lobe ppt
Parietal lobe pptParietal lobe ppt
Parietal lobe ppt
 

Viewers also liked

Limbic system
Limbic systemLimbic system
Limbic System
Limbic SystemLimbic System
Limbic System
maynader
 
Limbic system
Limbic systemLimbic system
Limbic system
Muhammad Saim
 
Limbic system
Limbic systemLimbic system
Limbic system
Yashasree Poudwal
 
Neuro ppt
Neuro pptNeuro ppt
Hindbrain
HindbrainHindbrain
Hindbrain
AA UNIVERSTIY
 
Limbic system
Limbic systemLimbic system
Limbic system
MATIAS FREITAS FH
 
brain anatomy
brain anatomybrain anatomy
brain anatomy
LWCH, UAE
 
Medulla
MedullaMedulla
Medulla
Nick Seifert
 
Hipofiz hipotalamus
Hipofiz  hipotalamusHipofiz  hipotalamus
Hipofiz hipotalamus
Cumhuriyet Üniversitesi
 
The limbic system
The limbic systemThe limbic system
The limbic system
MBBS IMS MSU
 
Pons
PonsPons
Neuromuscular blocking
Neuromuscular blockingNeuromuscular blocking
Neuromuscular blocking
Carlos D A Bersot
 
Neuro muscular blockers
Neuro muscular blockersNeuro muscular blockers
Neuro muscular blockers
raj kumar
 
Biological basis of human behavior
Biological basis of human behaviorBiological basis of human behavior
Biological basis of human behavior
Nursing Path
 
Skeletal muscle relaxants, Neuromuscular blocking agents, Neuromuscular blockers
Skeletal muscle relaxants, Neuromuscular blocking agents, Neuromuscular blockersSkeletal muscle relaxants, Neuromuscular blocking agents, Neuromuscular blockers
Skeletal muscle relaxants, Neuromuscular blocking agents, Neuromuscular blockers
Pranav Bansal
 
SEEMAS MIDBRAIN ACTIVATION
SEEMAS MIDBRAIN ACTIVATIONSEEMAS MIDBRAIN ACTIVATION
SEEMAS MIDBRAIN ACTIVATION
SEEMAS ACADEMY
 
Basal ganglia 2010
Basal ganglia 2010Basal ganglia 2010
Basal ganglia 2010
PS Deb
 
Dorsal column pathway
Dorsal column pathwayDorsal column pathway
Dorsal column pathway
farhan_aq91
 

Viewers also liked (19)

Limbic system
Limbic systemLimbic system
Limbic system
 
Limbic System
Limbic SystemLimbic System
Limbic System
 
Limbic system
Limbic systemLimbic system
Limbic system
 
Limbic system
Limbic systemLimbic system
Limbic system
 
Neuro ppt
Neuro pptNeuro ppt
Neuro ppt
 
Hindbrain
HindbrainHindbrain
Hindbrain
 
Limbic system
Limbic systemLimbic system
Limbic system
 
brain anatomy
brain anatomybrain anatomy
brain anatomy
 
Medulla
MedullaMedulla
Medulla
 
Hipofiz hipotalamus
Hipofiz  hipotalamusHipofiz  hipotalamus
Hipofiz hipotalamus
 
The limbic system
The limbic systemThe limbic system
The limbic system
 
Pons
PonsPons
Pons
 
Neuromuscular blocking
Neuromuscular blockingNeuromuscular blocking
Neuromuscular blocking
 
Neuro muscular blockers
Neuro muscular blockersNeuro muscular blockers
Neuro muscular blockers
 
Biological basis of human behavior
Biological basis of human behaviorBiological basis of human behavior
Biological basis of human behavior
 
Skeletal muscle relaxants, Neuromuscular blocking agents, Neuromuscular blockers
Skeletal muscle relaxants, Neuromuscular blocking agents, Neuromuscular blockersSkeletal muscle relaxants, Neuromuscular blocking agents, Neuromuscular blockers
Skeletal muscle relaxants, Neuromuscular blocking agents, Neuromuscular blockers
 
SEEMAS MIDBRAIN ACTIVATION
SEEMAS MIDBRAIN ACTIVATIONSEEMAS MIDBRAIN ACTIVATION
SEEMAS MIDBRAIN ACTIVATION
 
Basal ganglia 2010
Basal ganglia 2010Basal ganglia 2010
Basal ganglia 2010
 
Dorsal column pathway
Dorsal column pathwayDorsal column pathway
Dorsal column pathway
 

Similar to Limbic System

Limbic System By Dr. Rabia Inam Gandapore.pptx
Limbic System By Dr. Rabia Inam Gandapore.pptxLimbic System By Dr. Rabia Inam Gandapore.pptx
Limbic System By Dr. Rabia Inam Gandapore.pptx
Dr. Rabia Inam Gandapore
 
Limbic system dr. arpit
Limbic system dr. arpitLimbic system dr. arpit
Limbic system dr. arpit
Arpit Koolwal
 
Limbic system by Dr.Mrs Sunita M Tiwale, Professor, Dept of Physiology, DYPM...
Limbic system  by Dr.Mrs Sunita M Tiwale, Professor, Dept of Physiology, DYPM...Limbic system  by Dr.Mrs Sunita M Tiwale, Professor, Dept of Physiology, DYPM...
Limbic system by Dr.Mrs Sunita M Tiwale, Professor, Dept of Physiology, DYPM...
Physiology Dept
 
Neurobiology of memory
Neurobiology of memoryNeurobiology of memory
Neurobiology of memory
Ravi Soni
 
Functions of basal ganglia thalamus limbic system and central cortex
Functions of basal ganglia thalamus limbic system and central cortexFunctions of basal ganglia thalamus limbic system and central cortex
Functions of basal ganglia thalamus limbic system and central cortex
Alef Kotula
 
Limbic.system
Limbic.systemLimbic.system
Limbic.system
sai nath
 
Pyramida and extrapyramidal tracts
Pyramida and extrapyramidal tractsPyramida and extrapyramidal tracts
Pyramida and extrapyramidal tracts
Raghu Veer
 
thalamus.pptx
thalamus.pptxthalamus.pptx
thalamus.pptx
kiranpalepu5
 
Limbic system and it's psychiatric aspects
Limbic system  and it's psychiatric aspectsLimbic system  and it's psychiatric aspects
Limbic system and it's psychiatric aspects
RobinBaghla
 
Positionig system of the brain(noble prize in medicine 2014)
Positionig system of the brain(noble prize in medicine 2014) Positionig system of the brain(noble prize in medicine 2014)
Positionig system of the brain(noble prize in medicine 2014)
amir mahmodzadeh
 
Physiology of memory and learning
Physiology of memory and learning  Physiology of memory and learning
Physiology of memory and learning
Ali Faris
 
Nervous system
Nervous systemNervous system
Nervous system
Rohit Paswan
 
17- Thalamus & Limbic System (3).ppt
17- Thalamus & Limbic System (3).ppt17- Thalamus & Limbic System (3).ppt
17- Thalamus & Limbic System (3).ppt
RazzakurRahman1
 
Limbic system brain
Limbic system brainLimbic system brain
Limbic system brain
Dr Praveen kumar tripathi
 
Limbic system by dr m.hemalatha svs medical college, mahaboob nagar
Limbic system by dr m.hemalatha svs medical college, mahaboob nagarLimbic system by dr m.hemalatha svs medical college, mahaboob nagar
Limbic system by dr m.hemalatha svs medical college, mahaboob nagar
Prashant Mishra
 
Limbicsystem
Limbicsystem Limbicsystem
Limbicsystem
Prashant Mishra
 
Limbic system ppt slide share by dr m.hemalatha svs medical college, mahaboo...
Limbic system  ppt slide share by dr m.hemalatha svs medical college, mahaboo...Limbic system  ppt slide share by dr m.hemalatha svs medical college, mahaboo...
Limbic system ppt slide share by dr m.hemalatha svs medical college, mahaboo...
Prashant Mishra
 
L20-Thalamus & Limbic System.ppt
L20-Thalamus & Limbic System.pptL20-Thalamus & Limbic System.ppt
L20-Thalamus & Limbic System.ppt
AzmiNizar1
 
Limbic System and It's parts
Limbic System and It's partsLimbic System and It's parts
Limbic System and It's parts
Rajatmishra137
 
Anatomy of Cerebellum(Part- 2)
Anatomy of Cerebellum(Part- 2)Anatomy of Cerebellum(Part- 2)
Anatomy of Cerebellum(Part- 2)
RAVINDRANATH GANDRAKOTA
 

Similar to Limbic System (20)

Limbic System By Dr. Rabia Inam Gandapore.pptx
Limbic System By Dr. Rabia Inam Gandapore.pptxLimbic System By Dr. Rabia Inam Gandapore.pptx
Limbic System By Dr. Rabia Inam Gandapore.pptx
 
Limbic system dr. arpit
Limbic system dr. arpitLimbic system dr. arpit
Limbic system dr. arpit
 
Limbic system by Dr.Mrs Sunita M Tiwale, Professor, Dept of Physiology, DYPM...
Limbic system  by Dr.Mrs Sunita M Tiwale, Professor, Dept of Physiology, DYPM...Limbic system  by Dr.Mrs Sunita M Tiwale, Professor, Dept of Physiology, DYPM...
Limbic system by Dr.Mrs Sunita M Tiwale, Professor, Dept of Physiology, DYPM...
 
Neurobiology of memory
Neurobiology of memoryNeurobiology of memory
Neurobiology of memory
 
Functions of basal ganglia thalamus limbic system and central cortex
Functions of basal ganglia thalamus limbic system and central cortexFunctions of basal ganglia thalamus limbic system and central cortex
Functions of basal ganglia thalamus limbic system and central cortex
 
Limbic.system
Limbic.systemLimbic.system
Limbic.system
 
Pyramida and extrapyramidal tracts
Pyramida and extrapyramidal tractsPyramida and extrapyramidal tracts
Pyramida and extrapyramidal tracts
 
thalamus.pptx
thalamus.pptxthalamus.pptx
thalamus.pptx
 
Limbic system and it's psychiatric aspects
Limbic system  and it's psychiatric aspectsLimbic system  and it's psychiatric aspects
Limbic system and it's psychiatric aspects
 
Positionig system of the brain(noble prize in medicine 2014)
Positionig system of the brain(noble prize in medicine 2014) Positionig system of the brain(noble prize in medicine 2014)
Positionig system of the brain(noble prize in medicine 2014)
 
Physiology of memory and learning
Physiology of memory and learning  Physiology of memory and learning
Physiology of memory and learning
 
Nervous system
Nervous systemNervous system
Nervous system
 
17- Thalamus & Limbic System (3).ppt
17- Thalamus & Limbic System (3).ppt17- Thalamus & Limbic System (3).ppt
17- Thalamus & Limbic System (3).ppt
 
Limbic system brain
Limbic system brainLimbic system brain
Limbic system brain
 
Limbic system by dr m.hemalatha svs medical college, mahaboob nagar
Limbic system by dr m.hemalatha svs medical college, mahaboob nagarLimbic system by dr m.hemalatha svs medical college, mahaboob nagar
Limbic system by dr m.hemalatha svs medical college, mahaboob nagar
 
Limbicsystem
Limbicsystem Limbicsystem
Limbicsystem
 
Limbic system ppt slide share by dr m.hemalatha svs medical college, mahaboo...
Limbic system  ppt slide share by dr m.hemalatha svs medical college, mahaboo...Limbic system  ppt slide share by dr m.hemalatha svs medical college, mahaboo...
Limbic system ppt slide share by dr m.hemalatha svs medical college, mahaboo...
 
L20-Thalamus & Limbic System.ppt
L20-Thalamus & Limbic System.pptL20-Thalamus & Limbic System.ppt
L20-Thalamus & Limbic System.ppt
 
Limbic System and It's parts
Limbic System and It's partsLimbic System and It's parts
Limbic System and It's parts
 
Anatomy of Cerebellum(Part- 2)
Anatomy of Cerebellum(Part- 2)Anatomy of Cerebellum(Part- 2)
Anatomy of Cerebellum(Part- 2)
 

More from meducationdotnet

No Title
No TitleNo Title
Spondylarthropathy
SpondylarthropathySpondylarthropathy
Spondylarthropathy
meducationdotnet
 
Diagnosing Lung cancer
Diagnosing Lung cancerDiagnosing Lung cancer
Diagnosing Lung cancer
meducationdotnet
 
Eczema Herpeticum
Eczema HerpeticumEczema Herpeticum
Eczema Herpeticum
meducationdotnet
 
The Vagus Nerve
The Vagus NerveThe Vagus Nerve
The Vagus Nerve
meducationdotnet
 
Water and sanitation and their impact on health
Water and sanitation and their impact on healthWater and sanitation and their impact on health
Water and sanitation and their impact on health
meducationdotnet
 
The ethics of electives
The ethics of electivesThe ethics of electives
The ethics of electives
meducationdotnet
 
Intro to Global Health
Intro to Global HealthIntro to Global Health
Intro to Global Health
meducationdotnet
 
WTO and Health
WTO and HealthWTO and Health
WTO and Health
meducationdotnet
 
Globalisation and Health
Globalisation and HealthGlobalisation and Health
Globalisation and Health
meducationdotnet
 
Health Care Worker Migration
Health Care Worker MigrationHealth Care Worker Migration
Health Care Worker Migration
meducationdotnet
 
International Institutions
International InstitutionsInternational Institutions
International Institutions
meducationdotnet
 
Haemochromotosis brief overview
Haemochromotosis brief overviewHaemochromotosis brief overview
Haemochromotosis brief overview
meducationdotnet
 
Ascities overview
Ascities overviewAscities overview
Ascities overview
meducationdotnet
 
Overview of the Liver
Overview of the LiverOverview of the Liver
Overview of the Liver
meducationdotnet
 
Overview of Antidepressants
Overview of AntidepressantsOverview of Antidepressants
Overview of Antidepressants
meducationdotnet
 
Gout Presentation
Gout PresentationGout Presentation
Gout Presentation
meducationdotnet
 
Review of orthopaedic services: Prepared for the Auditor General for Scotland...
Review of orthopaedic services: Prepared for the Auditor General for Scotland...Review of orthopaedic services: Prepared for the Auditor General for Scotland...
Review of orthopaedic services: Prepared for the Auditor General for Scotland...
meducationdotnet
 
Sugammadex - a revolution in anaesthesia?
Sugammadex - a revolution in anaesthesia?Sugammadex - a revolution in anaesthesia?
Sugammadex - a revolution in anaesthesia?
meducationdotnet
 
Ophthamology Revision
Ophthamology RevisionOphthamology Revision
Ophthamology Revision
meducationdotnet
 

More from meducationdotnet (20)

No Title
No TitleNo Title
No Title
 
Spondylarthropathy
SpondylarthropathySpondylarthropathy
Spondylarthropathy
 
Diagnosing Lung cancer
Diagnosing Lung cancerDiagnosing Lung cancer
Diagnosing Lung cancer
 
Eczema Herpeticum
Eczema HerpeticumEczema Herpeticum
Eczema Herpeticum
 
The Vagus Nerve
The Vagus NerveThe Vagus Nerve
The Vagus Nerve
 
Water and sanitation and their impact on health
Water and sanitation and their impact on healthWater and sanitation and their impact on health
Water and sanitation and their impact on health
 
The ethics of electives
The ethics of electivesThe ethics of electives
The ethics of electives
 
Intro to Global Health
Intro to Global HealthIntro to Global Health
Intro to Global Health
 
WTO and Health
WTO and HealthWTO and Health
WTO and Health
 
Globalisation and Health
Globalisation and HealthGlobalisation and Health
Globalisation and Health
 
Health Care Worker Migration
Health Care Worker MigrationHealth Care Worker Migration
Health Care Worker Migration
 
International Institutions
International InstitutionsInternational Institutions
International Institutions
 
Haemochromotosis brief overview
Haemochromotosis brief overviewHaemochromotosis brief overview
Haemochromotosis brief overview
 
Ascities overview
Ascities overviewAscities overview
Ascities overview
 
Overview of the Liver
Overview of the LiverOverview of the Liver
Overview of the Liver
 
Overview of Antidepressants
Overview of AntidepressantsOverview of Antidepressants
Overview of Antidepressants
 
Gout Presentation
Gout PresentationGout Presentation
Gout Presentation
 
Review of orthopaedic services: Prepared for the Auditor General for Scotland...
Review of orthopaedic services: Prepared for the Auditor General for Scotland...Review of orthopaedic services: Prepared for the Auditor General for Scotland...
Review of orthopaedic services: Prepared for the Auditor General for Scotland...
 
Sugammadex - a revolution in anaesthesia?
Sugammadex - a revolution in anaesthesia?Sugammadex - a revolution in anaesthesia?
Sugammadex - a revolution in anaesthesia?
 
Ophthamology Revision
Ophthamology RevisionOphthamology Revision
Ophthamology Revision
 

Limbic System

  • 2. Outline 1) Neuroanatomy of the Limbic System 2) Circuits in the Limbic system 3) Functions of the Limbic System (plus HM and Kluver-Bucy syndrome) 4) Memory and amnesia- coming soon!
  • 3. Of rabid dogs and neuroanatomists
  • 4. Where is it? Limbic= border or edge (rim) 1) Medial aspect 2) Both Cortical and Sub-cortical structures 3) Involves parts of Frontal, Parietal and Temporal lobes 4) Highly interconnected
  • 5. Cortical Components 1) Frontal= Orbitofrontal and anterior cingulate cortex 2) Parietal= Posterior cingulate cortex 3) Temporal= Parahippocampal cortex
  • 6.
  • 7. Subcortical components 1) Hippocampus(partly) 2) Amygdala 3) Accumbens? 4) Septal and Basal nuclei
  • 8.
  • 9. Hippocampus 1) Intimately related to the ventricular system 2) Continuous with fornix- the output network 3) Fornix moves posterosuperiorly, and at the splenium it curves forwards suspended by the septum pellucidum. 4) Reach the mammillary body and septal nuclei (of the hypothalamus)
  • 10.
  • 11.
  • 12. Before we move on, 1) Where is the limbic system? 2) What are its cortical structures? 3) What are its subcortical structures? 4) Trace the course of the fornix
  • 13. Amygdala and the rest Amygdala= Collection of nuclei in the entorhinal cortex, follows on from the tail of caudate nucleus Output= stria terminalis, runs on the ROOF of inferior horn of the lateral ventricle (cf fornix) Terminates in the hypothalamus and septal nuclei
  • 14.
  • 15.
  • 16.
  • 17. Finally Accumbens nucleus= Terminal of mesolimbic pathway Septal nuclei= Under the septum pellucidum
  • 18.
  • 19.
  • 21.
  • 22.
  • 24. Functions of the Limbic System 1) Reward and punishment, via being involved in memory and learning 2) The ‘survival police’
  • 26. What do the bits and pieces do? As we said before 3 cortical components: 1) Orbitofrontal Cortex- Behaviour mods to avoid a future threat ie how to avoid negative stimulus. Involved in OCD. 2) Cingulate cortex- Anterior in two bits= rostral -> how to deal with pain, Caudal -> Quantify the severity (objectification) of pain. Posterior ?? Visuospatial memory? 3) Parahippocampal gyrus- Learning and memory!
  • 27. Understanding function through dysfunction The Famous case of HM: Had medial temporal lobe’s removed -> lost all his parahippocampal cortex and part of amygdala on both sides. Post- op: Severe anterograde amnesia with preserved STM.
  • 28.
  • 29. Lessons learned from HM Hippocampus is very important for memory, BUT not where memories are stored! Further studies, tell us that it allows for easy retrieval of memories and for proper transfer of experience into LTM. Also, not involved in learning or retrieving motor skills.
  • 30.
  • 31. Kluver Bucy Syndrome Bilateral removal of amygdala in monkeys, made them bonkers. Further studies showed that: It complements the hippocampus in labelling of experiences by identifying their emotional component.
  • 32.
  • 33. And finally, Septal and Basal Forebrain nuclei: Contain loads of Ach, project to the whole of the cortex, and are lost in AD. Their activity may allow strengthening of synapses/ consolidation of memory.
  • 34.
  • 35. So, Hippocampus labels information wrt place & date Amygdala labels wrt to emotional component Basal and septal nuclei consolidate the information