Module: [LIBR_01]_SIGE XIII_Method Prop to Design Radars
Topic: RESEARCH, DEVELOPMENT & INNOVATION
Subject: A Methodology Proposal to Design Radars - Systems Approach
Article by Antonio Sallum Librelato and Osamu Saotome, presented and published during the XIII SIGE. ITA, 27 a 30 de setembro de 2011.
Scope:
Abstract
I. INTRODUCTION
Motivations for the Systems Concepts Research (SCR) method
II. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE SCR METHOD
Principles of SCR
Phases of the SCR
Purposes of SCR
III. NRA - NEEDS AND REQUIREMENTS ANALYSIS
Purposes of NRA
Steps and Tasks of NRA
IV. SCE - SYSTEMS CONCEPTS EXPLORATION
Purposes of SCE
Steps and Tasks of SCE
V. SCD - SYSTEM CONCEPT DEFINITION
Purposes of SCD
Steps and Tasks of SCD
VI. SRAA - SYSTEMS RISKS AND ASSURANCE ANALYSIS
Purposes of SRAA
Steps and Tasks of SRAA
VII. CONCLUSIONS
REFERENCES
The main objective of this project is to avoid the congestion in the car parking area by implementing a parking management system. Normally at public places such as multiplex theaters, market areas, hospitals, function-halls, offices and shopping malls, one experiences the discomfort in looking out for a vacant parking slot, though it’s a paid facility with an attendant/ security guard. The parking management system is proposed to demonstrate hazel free parking for 32 cars, with 16 slots on each of the two floors. The proposed system uses 32 infrared transmitter-receiver pairs that remotely communicate the status of parking occupancy to the microcontroller system and displays the vacant slots on the display at the entrance of the parking so that the user gets to know the availability /unavailability of parking space prior to his/her entry into the parking place. In this system the users are guided to the vacant slot for parking using Bi-colored LEDs and the ultrasonic sensors enable the drivers to park the vehicle safely. The parking charges are automatically deducted from the user’s account using RFID technology. From security point of view a daily log-book of entry/exit along with the vehicle details is also registered in the computer’s memory.Implementation of concept of green communication and exception handling facility make the system concept unique and innovative.
Among the recent advancements in car safety technologies, the adaptive cruise control feature is one of the most important and useful. It greatly minimizes the pressure of the driver as it helps to control the speed of the car and maintains a safe distance from other cars to avoid a crash. But still, this adaptive control should not be used in bad weather conditions and in tunnels as they might not work efficiently. So, if you want to know all about the adaptive cruise control system in your car, then give some time to watch the following slide show.
While driving on highways, motorists should not exceed the maximum speed limit permitted for their vehicle. This speed checker will come handy for the highway traffic police as it will not only provide a digital display in accordance with a vehicle’s speed but also sound an alarm if the vehicle exceeds the permissible speed for the highway.
The main objective of this project is to avoid the congestion in the car parking area by implementing a parking management system. Normally at public places such as multiplex theaters, market areas, hospitals, function-halls, offices and shopping malls, one experiences the discomfort in looking out for a vacant parking slot, though it’s a paid facility with an attendant/ security guard. The parking management system is proposed to demonstrate hazel free parking for 32 cars, with 16 slots on each of the two floors. The proposed system uses 32 infrared transmitter-receiver pairs that remotely communicate the status of parking occupancy to the microcontroller system and displays the vacant slots on the display at the entrance of the parking so that the user gets to know the availability /unavailability of parking space prior to his/her entry into the parking place. In this system the users are guided to the vacant slot for parking using Bi-colored LEDs and the ultrasonic sensors enable the drivers to park the vehicle safely. The parking charges are automatically deducted from the user’s account using RFID technology. From security point of view a daily log-book of entry/exit along with the vehicle details is also registered in the computer’s memory.Implementation of concept of green communication and exception handling facility make the system concept unique and innovative.
Among the recent advancements in car safety technologies, the adaptive cruise control feature is one of the most important and useful. It greatly minimizes the pressure of the driver as it helps to control the speed of the car and maintains a safe distance from other cars to avoid a crash. But still, this adaptive control should not be used in bad weather conditions and in tunnels as they might not work efficiently. So, if you want to know all about the adaptive cruise control system in your car, then give some time to watch the following slide show.
While driving on highways, motorists should not exceed the maximum speed limit permitted for their vehicle. This speed checker will come handy for the highway traffic police as it will not only provide a digital display in accordance with a vehicle’s speed but also sound an alarm if the vehicle exceeds the permissible speed for the highway.
In this project “RFID based Car Parking System” we have shown the concept of an automatic car parking system. As in the modern world everything is going automatic we have built a system which will automatically sense the entry and exit of cars through the gate and then display the number of cars in the parking lot.
Check-ins and check-outs will be handled in a fast manner without having to stop the cars so that traffic jam problem will be avoided during these processes. Since there won't be any waiting during check-ins and check-outs the formation of emission gas as a result of such waiting will be avoided. Therefore, by this project we develop a parking system for an organization to have automated parking system for making best use of space, decreasing the man power and providing authentication for the vehicles from avoiding the theft.
Even we can set a maximum capacity of cars .We have developed a microcontroller which is used to sense the movement of cars and depending upon whether there is a capacity of cars to enter, it either opens the gate or not. It is also possible to open a gate when any car enters in the parking lot or close the door when a car exits from the parking lot with help of RFID.
There are two sets of sensors: one on the first gate (entry gate) and one on the second gate (exit gate). When a car arrives at the door the microcontroller receives the signal from the entry sensors and then checks whether there is a capacity of cars to be accommodated. Simultaneously it will also display the number of cars present in the parking lot on a LCD screen and also opens the gate. When a car moves out of the parking area the microcontroller reduces the count displayed accordingly and also closes the gate .The sensing of entry and exit of cars is done with the help of Infrared transmitters and receivers. Before the door the Infrared transmitter is mounted on one side and the receiver is placed directly in front of the transmitter across the door. When a car arrives the Infrared beam is blocked by the car and the receiver is devoid of Infrared rays and its output changes. This change in output is sensed by the microcontroller and accordingly it increments the count and opens the door if there is some capacity. The procedure for the exit of the cars is similar as the entry.
Avionics 738 Adaptive Filtering at Air University PAC Campus by Dr. Bilal A. Siddiqui in Spring 2018. This lecture deals with introduction to Kalman Filtering. Based n Optimal State Estimation by Dan Simon.
Vehicle Speed detecter By PRAGYA AGARWALiamtheone5
The project mentioned here is “Speed checker and over speed detector for Highways”. This project is designed and developed by taking into consideration the problem mentioned above. We have used two sensors in this project. These sensors detect the vehicle speed. Condition is that, the two sensors should be installed at a distance of 100 meteres apart from one another.
Now-a-days we hear news about accidents on Highways very frequently. And in most of the cases main reason of accident is overspeed. Although all highways do have signboards indicating maximum speed limit for the sake of driver’s safety, but still people does not obey highway speed limit.
Floor cleaning robot report vatsal shah_ec_7th semVatsal N Shah
Households of today are becoming smarter and more automated. Home automation delivers convenience and creates more time for people. Domestic robots are entering the homes and people’s daily lives, but it is yet a relatively new and immature market. However, a growth is predicted and the adoption of domestic robots is evolving. Several robotic vacuum cleaners are available on the market but only few ones implement wet cleaning of floors. The purpose of this project is to design and implement a Vacuum Robot Autonomous and Manual via Phone Application. Vacuum Cleaner Robot is designed to make cleaning process become easier rather than by using manual vacuum. The main objective of this project is to design and implement a vacuum robot prototype by using Arduino Mega, Arduino Shield, LDR Sensor, Real Time Clock, Motor Shield L293D, Ultrasonic Sensor, and IR Sensor and to achieve the goal of this project. Vacuum Robot will have several criteria that are user-friendly.
"What Will It Take To Control TB?" Richard Chaisson, MDUWGlobalHealth
Dr. Richard Chaisson, Professor of Medicine, Epidemiology and International Health and Director of the Center for Tuberculosis Research at the Johns Hopkins University in Baltimore was the keynote Jan. 19 as part of the Washington Global Health Discovery Series. His talk was on ""What Will It Take To Control TB?"
In this project “RFID based Car Parking System” we have shown the concept of an automatic car parking system. As in the modern world everything is going automatic we have built a system which will automatically sense the entry and exit of cars through the gate and then display the number of cars in the parking lot.
Check-ins and check-outs will be handled in a fast manner without having to stop the cars so that traffic jam problem will be avoided during these processes. Since there won't be any waiting during check-ins and check-outs the formation of emission gas as a result of such waiting will be avoided. Therefore, by this project we develop a parking system for an organization to have automated parking system for making best use of space, decreasing the man power and providing authentication for the vehicles from avoiding the theft.
Even we can set a maximum capacity of cars .We have developed a microcontroller which is used to sense the movement of cars and depending upon whether there is a capacity of cars to enter, it either opens the gate or not. It is also possible to open a gate when any car enters in the parking lot or close the door when a car exits from the parking lot with help of RFID.
There are two sets of sensors: one on the first gate (entry gate) and one on the second gate (exit gate). When a car arrives at the door the microcontroller receives the signal from the entry sensors and then checks whether there is a capacity of cars to be accommodated. Simultaneously it will also display the number of cars present in the parking lot on a LCD screen and also opens the gate. When a car moves out of the parking area the microcontroller reduces the count displayed accordingly and also closes the gate .The sensing of entry and exit of cars is done with the help of Infrared transmitters and receivers. Before the door the Infrared transmitter is mounted on one side and the receiver is placed directly in front of the transmitter across the door. When a car arrives the Infrared beam is blocked by the car and the receiver is devoid of Infrared rays and its output changes. This change in output is sensed by the microcontroller and accordingly it increments the count and opens the door if there is some capacity. The procedure for the exit of the cars is similar as the entry.
Avionics 738 Adaptive Filtering at Air University PAC Campus by Dr. Bilal A. Siddiqui in Spring 2018. This lecture deals with introduction to Kalman Filtering. Based n Optimal State Estimation by Dan Simon.
Vehicle Speed detecter By PRAGYA AGARWALiamtheone5
The project mentioned here is “Speed checker and over speed detector for Highways”. This project is designed and developed by taking into consideration the problem mentioned above. We have used two sensors in this project. These sensors detect the vehicle speed. Condition is that, the two sensors should be installed at a distance of 100 meteres apart from one another.
Now-a-days we hear news about accidents on Highways very frequently. And in most of the cases main reason of accident is overspeed. Although all highways do have signboards indicating maximum speed limit for the sake of driver’s safety, but still people does not obey highway speed limit.
Floor cleaning robot report vatsal shah_ec_7th semVatsal N Shah
Households of today are becoming smarter and more automated. Home automation delivers convenience and creates more time for people. Domestic robots are entering the homes and people’s daily lives, but it is yet a relatively new and immature market. However, a growth is predicted and the adoption of domestic robots is evolving. Several robotic vacuum cleaners are available on the market but only few ones implement wet cleaning of floors. The purpose of this project is to design and implement a Vacuum Robot Autonomous and Manual via Phone Application. Vacuum Cleaner Robot is designed to make cleaning process become easier rather than by using manual vacuum. The main objective of this project is to design and implement a vacuum robot prototype by using Arduino Mega, Arduino Shield, LDR Sensor, Real Time Clock, Motor Shield L293D, Ultrasonic Sensor, and IR Sensor and to achieve the goal of this project. Vacuum Robot will have several criteria that are user-friendly.
"What Will It Take To Control TB?" Richard Chaisson, MDUWGlobalHealth
Dr. Richard Chaisson, Professor of Medicine, Epidemiology and International Health and Director of the Center for Tuberculosis Research at the Johns Hopkins University in Baltimore was the keynote Jan. 19 as part of the Washington Global Health Discovery Series. His talk was on ""What Will It Take To Control TB?"
Harder-to-treat and more lethal tubercle bacilli continue to emerge across the globe, especially in the African region. Together with HIV, these infectious killers continue to have profound effects on the productive workforce in different countries. The deck is a brief overview of developments in disease management and research, with an emphasis on medications and vaccines.
Tutorial for beginning graduate students. Some guidelines for composing the research proposal for an MS project. Also presents the perspective of advisor and committee.
Module: [LIBR_02]_SIGE XIII_SCR Applied to Radar Design
Topic: RESEARCH, DEVELOPMENT & INNOVATION
Subject: Systems Concepts Research Applied to Radar Design
Article by Antonio Sallum Librelato and Osamu Saotome, presented and published during the XIII SIGE. ITA, 27 a 30 de setembro de 2011.
Scope:
Abstract
I. INTRODUCTION
Principles of SCR
Motivations for SCR Applied for Radar Systems
Phases of the SCR
II. NEEDS AND REQUIREMENTS ANALYSIS FOR A RADAR SYSTEM
NRA1. VISION OF PROBLEM
NRA2. NEEDS ANALYSIS
NRA3. OPERATIONAL ANALYSIS
NRA4. FUNCTIONAL ANALYSIS
NRA5. FEASIBILITY DEFINITIONS
NRA6. NEEDS VALIDATION
NRA7. OPERATIONAL REQUIREMENTS SYNTHESIS
III. SYSTEMS CONCEPTS EXPLORATION FOR A RADAR SYSTEM
SCE1. OPERATIONAL REQUIREMENTS ANALYSIS
SCE2. PERFORMANCE REQUIREMENTS FORMULATION
SCE3. IMPLEMENTATION CONCEPTS EXPLORATION
SCE4. PERFORMANCE REQUIREMENTS VALIDATION
SCE5. PERFORMANCE REQUIREMENTS SYNTHESIS
IV. SYSTEM CONCEPT DEFINITION FOR A RADAR SYSTEM
SCD1. PERFORMANCE REQUIREMENTS ANALYSI
SCD2. FUNCTIONAL ANALYSIS AND FORMULATION
SCD3. IMPLEMENTATION CONCEPT SELECTION
SCD4. CONCEPT VALIDATION AND DESCRIPTION
SCD5. SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT PLANNING
V. SYSTEMS RISKS AND ASSURANCE ANALYSIS FOR A RADAR SYSTEM
SRAA1. SRAA DURING NRA
SRAA2. SRAA DURING SCE
SRAA3. SRAA DURING SCD
VI. CONCLUSIONS
REFERENCES
Suitability of Agile Methods for Safety-Critical Systems Development: A Surve...Editor IJCATR
Lately, agile methods have widely been used in large organizations. This contrasts to previous practice, where they were mainly
used for small projects. However, developers of safety critical systems have shied away from using these methods for the right and wrong
reasons. Adoption of agile methods for safety critical system development is low and there is need to find out why this is so especially
since agile methods allow a more relaxed approach towards documentation, flexible development lifecycle based on short iterations and
accommodates changing requirements. This paper presents a report of a detailed analysis of literature and aims to shed light on the
suitability of agile methods for developing safety critical systems .The findings indicate that many organizations are relying on traditional
methods to develop safety critical systems because they are familiar with them and have been thoroughly tested over time. However with
the advent of agile methods there is a paradigm shift by non safety critical system developers, nevertheless this is not happening with the
safety critical system developers and there is need to find out why.
A TAXONOMY OF PERFORMANCE ASSURANCE METHODOLOGIES AND ITS APPLICATION IN HIGH...IJSEA
This paper presents a systematic approach to the complex problem of high confidence performance
assurance of high performance architectures based on methods used over several generations of industrial
microprocessors. A taxonomy is presented for performance assurance through three key stages of a product
life cycle-high level performance, RTL performance, and silicon performance. The proposed taxonomy
includes two components-independent performance assurance space for each stage and a correlation
performance assurance space between stages.
Module: EThICS 039.CE06E.04_RDI_SCR_Syst Concepts Research_Method
Topic: RESEARCH, DEVELOPMENT & INNOVATION
Subject: Methodology of Systems Concepts Research.
Scope:
INTRODUCTION
Acronyms for SCR
Main Concept of SCR
Highlights of the SCR Method
Tactics of SCR
Purposes of SCR
Scope of SCR
Benefits of SCR
Motivations of SCR
Factors of Influence to SCR
ORGANIZATION OF SCR
Elements of the SCR Method
Main Phases of RDI of Systems and Products
Initial Steps of RDI of Systems and Products
Acronyms of RDI
Sequence of Steps of New Projects Engineering
Technologies of RDI
Integrated Steps and Tasks of SCR
Flux of Steps and Tasks of SCR
Steps of SCR - Finalities and Main Questions
NRA - NEEDS AND REQUIREMENTS ANALYSIS
Purposes ,Main Questions , Scope of NRA
NRA1: Vision of Problem
NRA2: Needs Analysis
NRA3: Operational Analysis
NRA4: Functional Analysis
NRA5: Feasibility Definitions
NRA6: Needs Validation
NRA7: Operational Requirements Definition
SCE - SYSTEMS CONCEPTS EXPLORATION
Purposes , Main Questions , Scope of SCE
SCE1: Performance Req Formulation
SCE2: Basic New System Architecture
SCE3: Alternative Concepts Exploration
SCE4: Alternative Concepts Evaluation
SCE5: Alternative
SCD - SYSTEM CONCEPT DEFINITION:
Purposes, Main Question, Scope of SCD
SCD1: New System Concept Selection
SCD2: New System Concept Definition
SCD3: New System Development Planning
SRAA - SYSTEMS RISKS & ASSURANCE ANALYSIS
Purposes, Main Questions , Scope of SRAA
SRAA1: SRAA during NRA
SRAA2: SRAA during SCE
SRAA3: SRAA during SCD
APPENDICES
References
Testing throughout the software life cycleyahdi sandra
YAHDI SANDRA
1143104752
Program Studi S1 Sistem Informasi
Fakultas Sains dan Teknologi
Universitas Islam Negeri Sultan Syarif Kasim Riau
http://sif.uin-suska.ac.id/
http://fst.uin-suska.ac.id/
http://www.uin-suska.ac.id/
An Introduction to Systems Engineering | DorlecoDorleControls
A methodical, all-encompassing approach to planning, creating, and overseeing complex systems at every stage of their existence is systems engineering.
Module: EThICS 039.BG01E.09_SPA_Systemic View
Topic: SYSTEMS AND PRODUCTS ASSURANCE
Subject: SPA - Systems and Products Assurance: Systemic View
Scope:
PURPOSE OF THE MODULE
INTRODUCTION
Acronyms
Motivations for SPA, from Customers and Users
Motivations for SPA, from Developers and Manufacturers
Why Design for Reliability (DFR)?
The Paradigms for Design for Reliability (DFR)
The Risk of Thinking Only on Averages
Fig. 1: The (In)Visibility of the Total Costs
Fig. 2: Model of the Composition of the LCC
Technologies of SPA
Fig. 3: Requirements for Projects of Systems
Scope of Technologies and Specialties of RDI
Scope of Technologies and Specialties of SPA
Main Objectives of SPA
Some Benefits of the SPA Technologies
Major Difficulties of SPA
INTEGRATED VISION OF SPA
Motivations for the Integration of RDI and SPA
Fig. 4: Simultaneous and Proactive Engineering of RDI and SPA
Fig. 5: Elementary Cycle of Project Validation and Assurance
Fig. 6: Integrated Organization of RDI and SPA Specialties
Fig. 7: Initial Steps of RDI of Systems and Products
Fig. 8: Integrated Steps and Tasks of SCR
Fig. 9: Technologies of Research, Development and Innovation
Fig. 10: Responsibilities of Management of SPA - Integration
Responsibilities of Management of SPA - Budget
Responsibilities of Management of SPA - Risks
Management of Information and Knowledge of SPA
Fig. 11: Management of Information and Knowledge of RDI
Fig. 12: Programs e Plans of SPA for Projects
APPENDICES
References
EThICS Engineering - Services and Areas of Action
Módulo: EThICS 907.002.01_Fundamentos Gerais
Tema: METEOROLOGIA RADAR
Assunto: Meteorologia Radar - Fundamentos Gerais
Escopo:
Objetivos e Destinação
Sumário do Conteúdo
1. PRINCÍPIOS GERAIS DE RADAR
Noções sobre Energia Eletromagnética
Forma de Onda e Espectro de Sinais
O Radar – O que é
Sistema Radar Meteorológico Doppler
Glossário dos Elementos do Sensor Radar
Sensor Radar Pulsado Doppler
Efeito Doppler
Ambiguidades nas Medidas de Posição
Ambiguidades nas Medidas de Velocidade
Deteção de Sinais e Extração de Informações
Apresentação e Disseminação das Informações
2. O RADAR COMO INSTRUMENTO DE MEDIDA
Medidas Usuais por Radar Meteorológico
Medidas de Localização
Medidas de Refletividade – A Equação Radar
Medidas de Refletividade - A Equação Radar Meteorológico
Noções de Cálculo Logarítmico
MDS - Mínimo Sinal Detetável
Medidas de Velocidade – Exemplos
Medidas de Velocidade – Barbelas de Vento
Medidas de Velocidade - Shear
Medidas de Largura Espectral
Parâmetros [Z], [V] e [W]
Relação entre [Z] e [R]
3. A ATMOSFERA TERRESTRE E O RADAR
Campos de Atuação de Radares Meteorológicos
Efeitos Inconvenientes de Propagação
Clutter Radar em Meteorologia
Alvos Não-Atmosféricos
Alvos Atmosféricos e Meteorológicos
Module: EThICS 039.P07E.04_My SlideShare_Guide to Viewers
Topics: MY SLIDESHARE
Subject: My SlideShare - Guide to Viewers
Scope:
INTRODUCTION
Motivations and Purposes of this Guide
Overview
TABLE OF CONTENTS
About EThICS Engineering
Organizational Strategy
Knowledge Management
Research, Development and Innovation
Radar Meteorology
APPENDIX
EThICS Engineering
Módulo: EThICS 039.CE06.05_PDI_PCS_Pesq Conc Sist_Metod
Tópico: PESQUISA, DESENVOLVIMENTO E INOVAÇÃO
Assunto: Pesquisa e Conceituação de Sistemas - Metodologia
Escopo:
PROPÓSITOS DO MÓDULO
INTRODUÇÃO
Acrônimos de PCS
Conceitos Principais sobre PCS
Destaques do Método de PCS
Táticas de PCS
Propósitos de PCS
Escopo de PCS
Benefícios de PCS
Motivações de PCS
Fatores de Influência para PCS
ORGANIZAÇÃO DE PCS
Elementos do Método PCS
Fases Principais de PDI de Sistemas e Produtos
Etapas Iniciais de PDI de Sistemas e Produtos
Acrônimos de PDI
Sequência de Etapas de Eng de Novos Projetos
Tecnologias de PDI
Etapas e Tarefas de PCS
Etapas e Tarefas de PCS: ANR e ECS
Etapas e Tarefas de PCS: DCS e ARGS
Etapas de PCS: Finalidades e Questões Básicas
ANR - ANÁLISE DE NEC E REQ
Propósitos ,Questões Principais e Escopo de ANR
ANR1: Visão do Problema
ANR2: Análise das Necessidades
ANR3: Análise Operacional
ANR4: Análise Funcional
ANR5: Definições de Exequibilidade
ANR6: Validação das Necessidades
ANR7: Definição dos Requisitos Operacionais
ECS - EXP CONCEITUAL DE SISTEMAS
Propósitos ,Questões Principais e Escopo de ECS
ECS1: Formulação dos Requisitos de Desempenho
ECS2: Arquitetura Básica do Novo Sistema
ECS3: Exploração dos Conceitos Alternativos
ECS4: Avaliação dos Conceitos Alternativos
ECS5: Validação dos Conceitos Alternativos
DCS - DEF CONCEITUAL DO SISTEMA
Propósitos ,Questões Principais e Escopo de DCS
Etapas e Tarefas de DCS
DCS1: Seleção do Conceito do Novo Sistema
DCS2: Definição do Conceito do Novo Sistema
DCS3: Planej para o Desenv do Novo Sistema
ARGS - ANÁLISE RISC E GAR DE SIST
Propósitos ,Questões Principais e Escopo de ARGS
ARGS1: ARGS durante ANR
ARGS2: ARGS durante ECS
ARGS3: ARGS durante DCS
APÊNDICES
Referências
Módulo: EThICS 903.030.01
Tópico: ESTRATÉGIA RGANIZACIONAL
Assunto: Planejamento Estratégico - Conceitos, Princípios e Métodos
Escopo:
PROPÓSITOS DO MÓDULO
INTRODUÇÃO
Qual é o Problema?
Motivações
Forças Motivacionais e Transformadoras
A Questão do Conhecimento
Estratégia Organizacional
Mentalidade Estratégica
Planejamento Estratégico: O Que Não É e O Que É
Planejamento Estratégico: Para Quê?
Dinâmica do Uso Estratégico do Conhecimento
Megatendências (Algumas...!)
ELEMENTOS BÁSICOS
Conceitos Gerais sobre Planejamento
Princípios Comuns às Empresas Longevas
As 5 Disciplinas das Organizações que Aprendem
Pensamento Estratégico
Gestão Estratégica
Modelo Sistêmico do Processo de Gestão Estratégica
Ambiente das Organizações: Segmentação
Ambiente das Organizações: Cenário
Etapas e Elementos Estratégicos
Elementos Estratégicos Duradouros
Elementos Estratégicos Mutáveis
Análise SWOT
MODELOS SISTÊMICOS DE PLANEJAMENTO
Dinâmica do Planejamento Estratégico
Etapas e Elementos do Planejamento Estratégico
Hierarquia de Planejamento
Ciclo Integrado de Planejamento, Ação e Revisão
PLANEJAMENTO ESTRATÉGICO INTEGRADO
Seqüência do Planejamento Estratégico Integrado
Elementos da Estrutura de Estratégia (SM/BSC)
SM/BSC na Seqüência do Planejamento Estratégico
A Estrutura da Metodologia SM/BSC
Mapas Estratégicos: Modelo de Criação de Valores
Mapa Estratégico: Como Criar Valor
BSC – Medindo e Controlando
APÊNDICES
E Daí? O Que Fazer?
Referências
EThICS Engineering
Módulo: EThICS 904.003.00_GIC_Compet em Centros de Inform
Tema: GESTÃO DO CONHECIMENTO
Assunto: Competências em Centros de Informação
1º Seminário de Gestão do Conhecimento em Educação e Tecnologia de Informação
"Multidisciplinaridade em Ciência e Tecnologia de Informação na Organização do Conhecimento em Educação"
Faculdade de Educação - UNICAMP
MESTRADO Biblioteconomia e Ciência da Informação - PUC/Campinas
Campinas, 28/29 Janeiro 2002
Escopo:
Tendências Evolutivas de Organizações de Informação
Ambiente e Contexto Organizacional do CI
Cenário Ambiental da Empresa
Relações Funcionais no CI
Serviços de um Centro de Informação
Funções do CI
Capacitadores e Fases da Criação do Conhecimento
Desenvolvimento de Competências
Competências e Campos de Atuação
Principais Competências Requeridas
À Guisa de Conclusão
Artigo: Observações de Algumas Estruturas Meteorológicas por Radar
Anais VII Congresso Brasileiro de Meteorologia - São Paulo - SP, Sociedade Brasileira de Meteorologia
September 1992
Observations of Some Meteorological Structures by Radar
Annals of the VII Brazilian Congress of Meteorology, Sep 28th to Oct 2nd, 1992. São Paulo- SP, Brazil. Vol 2, p 748-752.
The observations of some meteorological structures were possible using a conventional magnetron weather radar system with a digital radar processor and a 386 PC as remote radar workstation. The station is used as a radar system development bench and is operated by engineers.
Module: EThICS 903.029.00_Dynam of Meetings
Topic: ORGANIZATIONAL STRATEGY
Subject: Dynamics of Meetings - Workgroups
Scope:
PURPOSES OF THE MODULE
INTRODUCTION
Classes of Meetings
MEETINGS OF WORKGROUPS
Purposes
Participants
Organization of Phases
Etiquette
Pitfalls and Difficulties
Lack of Objectivity
Indiscipline
Demotivation
Disorganization
PLANNING AND EXECUTION OF MEETINGS
Phase of Preparation
Definitions
Support
Coordination
Phase of Execution
Starting
Development
Conclusion
Phase of Monitoring and Control
Elaboration of the Minutes
Monitoring of Actions and Results
APPENDICES
References
EThICS Engineering
Module: EThICS 039.BC02E.07_LCPP_Conc & Princ_LCC & Effectiv
Topic: LIFE CYCLE OF PROJECTS AND PRODUCTS
Subject: Concepts and Principles of Life Cycle Cost (LCC) and Effectiveness
Scope:
PURPOSES OF THE MODULE
INTRODUCTION
Acronyms
Motivations for LCC and Effectiveness
Standards for LCC
BASIC CONCEPTS OF LCC
Elements of Life Cycle:
Life Cycle
Fig. 1: Model of Life Cycle of Projects and Products
Fig. 2: Initial Steps of RDI of Systems and Products
Acronyms of RDI
Elements of Life Cycle Cost:
Cost Driver
Cost Profile
CBS – Cost Breakdown Structure
Recurrent Costs
Non-Recurrent Costs
Fig. 3: Elements of Life Cycle Costs
LCC – Life Cycle Cost
Life Cycle Costing
TLC - Through-Life Cost
WLC - Whole-Life Cost
WLCC - Whole-Life Cycle Costing
TCO – Total Cost of Ownership
TCA – Total Cost of Acquisition
COO – Total Cost Of Operations
LAC - Life Acquisition Cost
LOC - Life Ownership Cost
LLC - Life Loss Cost
LCCA – Life Cycle Cost Analysis
CONCEPTS OF EFFECTIVENESS
Elements of Effectiveness
Effectiveness Analysis
System Effectiveness
Fig. 4: FOM - Factors Of Merit
MOE - Measure Of Effectiveness
Operational Effectiveness
Elements of Operational Effectiveness
Operational Suitability
MOS - Measure Of Suitability
Operational Availability
Operational Utility
Cost Effectiveness
CONCEPTS OF PERFORMANCE
Elements of Performance
Performance
System Performance
Level of Performance
Categories of Performance
Objective Performance
Subjective Performance
System Attributes
Attributes of Operational Performance
Physical Attributes
Functional Attributes
MOP - Measures Of Performance
MODELS OF LCC
Fig. 5: Summary Vision of Total Costs of the Life Cycle
Model of the Composition of the LCC
Fig. 6: The (In)Visibility of the Total Costs
Fig. 7: The Proportions of the Elements of the LCC
Considerations about R&D Methods, Costs and Assurance
Fig. 8: Elementary Cycle of Project Validation and Assurance
Fig. 9: The Impact on Costs Due to Method Change
Fig. 10: The Impact of Changes of |Method on Costs
Fig. 11: The Balance of Factors of Cost-Effectiveness
Fig. 12: The Factors of Effectiveness and the Costs of the Systems
APPENDICES
References
EThICS Engineering - Services and Areas of Action
Module: EThICS 039.BC01E.10_LCPP_General View
Topic: LIFE CYCLE OF PROJECTS AND PRODUCTS
Subject: General and Systemic View of Life Cycle of Projects and Products
Scope:
PURPOSES OF THE MODULE
INTRODUCTION
Acronyms of EVCN/LCPP
Antonio Sallum Librelato - Director – EThICS Engineering - January - 2013
20/1/2013 Intellectual Property of EThICS Engineering 1
Strategic Motivations
Concepts of Customer Needs
Concepts of Enterprise Vision
Concepts of Life Cycle of Projects and Products
INTEGRATED VISION
Model of Enterprise Vision and Customer Needs
Model of Life Cycle of Projects and Products
APPENDICES
References
EThICS Engineering - Services and Areas of Action
Módulo: EThICS 907.F03.00_Usos e Aplicações de Radares_sl
Tema: METEOROLOGIA RADAR
Assunto: Usos e Aplicações de Radares
Escopo:
Uso de Radares em Meteorologia: Vantagens
Uso de Radares em Meteorologia: Desvantagens e Restrições
Principais Finalidades do Sistema Radar Doppler
Algumas Aplicações de Radares Meteorológicos
Pesquisa e previsão meteorológicas.
Pesquisa climática.
Pesquisa e previsão hidrológicas.
Apoio às operações agrícolas.
Apoio à defesa civil.
Transportes terrestre, marítimo e aéreo.
Produção e distribuição de energia.
Logística de eventos esportivos, cívicos, artísticos, etc.
Logística da construção civil.
Logística da manutenção de infra-estruturas.
Modificação de precipitações.
Aplicações Científicas
Pesquisa da atmosfera
Pesquisa de tecnologias de radares
Pesquisa de propagação de rádio-freqüências
Aplicações Operacionais em Meteorologia
Previsão do Tempo
Defesa Civil
Planejamento Agrícola
Combate ao Granizo
Monitoração da Poluição do Ar
Segurança do Tráfego Aéreo
Aplicações Operacionais em Hidrologia
Defesa Civil
Controle de Recursos Hídricos
Semeadura Dinâmica de Nuvens
Previsão Hidrológica
Esforços Atuais em Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento
Módulo: EThICS 903.012.01_Dinâmica de Reuniões
Tópico: ESTRATÉGIA ORGANIZACIONAL
Assunto: Dinâmica de Reuniões - Grupos de Trabalho
Escopo:
SUMÁRIO
Tipos de Reuniões
Finalidades de Reuniões de Grupos de Trabalho
Papéis dos Participantes
Etiqueta de Reuniões de Trabalho
Planejamento e Execução de Reuniões de Trabalho
Preparativos
Execução
Acompanhamento e Controle
Armadilhas e Dificuldades
Módulo: EThICS 903.007.03_Aprend Sobr Evol Séc XXI
Tópico: ESTRATÉGIA ORGANIZACIONAL
Assunto: Aprendendo a Sobreviver e a Evoluir no Século XXI
Escopo:
QUAL É O PROBLEMA?
Algumas Empresas Longevas
Princípios Comuns às Empresas Longevas
Organização Como Ser Vivo
Organizações que Aprendem
As 5 Disciplinas das Organizações que Aprendem
PENSAMENTO ESTRATÉGICO
Planejamento Estratégico: O Que Não É e O Que É
Planejamento Estratégico: Para Quê ?
Hierarquia de Planejamento
Ciclo Integrado de Planejamento, Ação e Revisão
Etapas e Elementos do Planejamento Estratégico
Segmentação Ambiental das Organizações
Cenário Ambiental da Empresa
Públicos Relevantes da Organização
Análise SWOT
Megatendências (algumas...)
E Daí?
Módulo: EThICS 039.A01.01_PDI_Acrônimos
Tópico: PESQUISA, DESENVOLVIMENTO E INOVAÇÃO - PROGRAMA DE ESTUDOS EM METODOLOGIA INTEGRADA DE CVPP, PDI E GSP
Assunto: Acrônimos para PDI e GSP
Escopo:
Relação de siglas e abreviaturas mais usadas em estudos e documentos sobre Pesquisa, Desenvolvimento e Inovação, integrados com a Garantia de Sistemas e Produtos.
Módulo: EThICS 039.B01.03_PDI & GSP_Ref Bibliog - Janeiro, 2013.
Tópico: PESQUISA, DESENVOLVIMENTO E INOVAÇÃO - TEMAS SOBRE METODOLOGIA DE PDI & GSP
Assunto: Relação Geral de Referências Bibliográficas de PDI e GSP
Escopo:
1. INTRODUÇÃO
1.1. Propósito deste Documento
1.2. Acrônimos
1.3. Motivações
1.4. Referências sobre PDI & GSP
2. REFERÊNCIAS SOBRE GESTÃO DE PDI & GSP
2.1. Ciclo de Vida de Projetos, Sistemas e Produtos
2.2. Custos do Ciclo de Vida de Projetos, Sistemas e Produtos
2.3. Gestão de Pesquisa, Desenvolvimento e Inovação
2.4. Gestão de Garantia de Sistemas e Produtos
2.5. Gestão de Riscos
2.6. Gestão de Configuração
2.7. Gestão da Garantia de Software
2.8. Gestão de Direitos e Penalidades de Garantias
2.9. Gestão da Informação e do Conhecimento
2.10. Aprendizado Organizacional
2.11. Criatividade e Inovação
2.12. Inteligência Tecnológica e Competitiva
3. REFERÊNCIAS SOBRE ENGENHARIA DE PDI & GSP
3.1. Engenharia de Sistemas
3.2. Engenharia de Requisitos
3.3. Engenharia de Garantia da Qualidade
3.4. Engenharia de Garantia de Confiabilidade
3.5. Engenharia de Dependabilidade de Sistemas
3.6. Engenharia de Mantenabilidade
3.7. Engenharia de Segurança de Sistemas
3.8. Engenharia de Proteção de Sistemas
3.9. Engenharia de Fatores Humanos
3.10. Engenharia de Suportabilidade e Logística
3.11. Engenharia de Sustentabilidade de Sistemas e Produtos
3.12. Engenharia de Verificação e Validação
3.13. Engenharia de Produção
3.14. Engenharia de Resiliência
Móduloo: EThICS 039.BC02.08_CVPP_Conc e Princ_LCC & Efetiv
Tema: CICLO DE VIDA DE PROJETOS E PRODUTOS
Assunto: Custo do Ciclo de Vida (LCC) e Efetividade: Conceitos e Princípios.
Escopo:
PROPÓSITOS DO MÓDULO
INTRODUÇÃO
Acrônimos
Motivações para LCC e Efetividade
Normas sobre LCC
CONCEITOS BÁSICOS DE LCC
Elementos de Ciclo de Vida
Life Cycle (Ciclo de Vida)
Fig. 1: Modelo de Ciclo de Vida de Projetos e Produtos
Fig. 2: Etapas de PDI de Sistemas e Produtos
Acrônimos de PDI
Elementos de Custos do Ciclo de Vida
Cost Driver (Agente de Custo)
Cost Profile (Perfil de Custo)
CBS – Cost Breakdown Structure (Estrutura de Desdobramento do LCC)
Recurrent Costs (Custos Recorrentes)
Non-Recurrent Costs (Custos Não-Recorrentes)
Fig. 3: Elementos de Custos do Ciclo de Vida
LCC – Life Cycle Cost (Custo do Ciclo de Vida)
Life Cycle Costing (Custeio do Ciclo de Vida)
TLC - Through-Life Cost (Custo ao Longo da Vida)
WLC - Whole-Life Cost (Custo da Vida Completa)
WLCC - Whole-Life Cycle Costing (Custeio do Ciclo de Vida Completo)
TCO – Total Cost of Ownership (Custo Total de Propriedade)
TCA – Total Cost of Acquisition (Custo Total de Aquisição)
COO – Total Cost Of Operations (Custo Total de Operações)
LAC - Life Acquisition Cost (Custo de Vida de Aquisição)
LOC - Life Ownership Cost (Custo de Vida de Propriedade)
LLC - Life Loss Cost (Custo de Vida de Perdas)
LCCA – Life Cycle Cost Analysis (Análise do LCC)
CONCEITOS DE EFETIVIDADE
Elementos de Efetividade
Effectiveness Analysis (Análise de Efetividade)
System Effectiveness (Efetividade de Sistema)
Fig. 4: FOM - Factors Of Merit (Fatores de Mérito de Efetividade)
MOE - Measure Of Effectiveness (Medidas da Efetividade)
Operational Effectiveness (Efetividade Operacional)
Elementos da Efetividade Operacional
Operational Suitability (Adequabilidade Operacional)
MOS - Measure Of Suitability (Medidas de Adequabilidade)
Operational Availability (Disponibilidade Operacional)
Operational Utility (Utilidade Operacional)
Cost Effectiveness (Efetividade de Custo)
CONCEITOS DE DESEMPENHO
Elementos de Desempenho
Performance (Desempenho)
System Performance (Desempenho de Sistema)
Level of Performance (Nível de Desempenho)
Categorias de Desempenho
Desempenho Objetivo
Desempenho Subjetivo
Atributos de Sistema
Attributes of Operational Performance (Atributos de Desempenho Operacional)
Physical Attributes (Atributos Físicos)
Functional Attributes (Atributos Funcionais)
MOP - Measures Of Performance (Medidas de Desempenho)
MODELOS DE LCC
Fig. 5: Visão Sumária dos Custos Totais do Ciclo de Vida
Modelo de Composição de LCC
Fig. 6: A (In)Visibilidade dos Custos Totais
Fig. 7: As Proporções dos Elementos do LCC
Considerações sobre Métodos, Custos e Garantias de P&D
Fig. 8: Ciclo Elementar de Validação e Garantia de Projetos
Fig. 9: O Impacto nos Custos Devi
Módulo: EThICS 903.015.00_Estrat Organiz_Plan, Conhec e Capacit
Tópico: ESTRATÉGIA ORGANIZACIONAL
Assunto: Planejamento, Conhecimento & Capacitação
Escopo:
QUAL É O PROBLEMA?
A Questão do Conhecimento
As Empresas Longevas e as Organizações Que Aprendem
As Mais Longevas
Os 4 Princípios Comuns às Empresas Longevas
As 5 Disciplinas das Organizações que Aprendem
Hierarquia de Planejamento
PENSAMENTO ESTRATÉGICO
Modelo Sistêmico do Processo de Gestão Estratégica
Planejamento Estratégico: O Que Não É e O Que É
Planejamento Estratégico: Para Quê ?
Forças Motivacionais e Transformadoras
O que é Conhecimento?
O Valor Agregado pelo Conhecimento
Os Conhecimentos e os Negócios
O que é a Gestão do Conhecimento?
O que a Gestão do Conhecimento NÃO é
O Que é a Gestão da Informação?
O Que é a Inteligência Competitiva?
Ciclo Integrado de Planejamento, Ação e Revisão
Etapas e Elementos do Planejamento Estratégico
Dinâmica do Planejamento Estratégico
Segmentação Ambiental das Organizações
Cenário Ambiental da Empresa
Públicos Relevantes da Organização
Dinâmica da Aplicação Estratégica do Conhecimento
Análise SWOT
Desenvolvimento de Competências
Desenvolvimento Pessoal
Desenvolvimento de Grupos de Trabalho
Competências Pessoais e Campos de Atuação
A Resposta à Questão do Conhecimento
E Daí? O Que Fazer?
Módulo: 908 MENT_PEV_ART FACESM_V3
Tópico: ESTRATÉGIA ORGANIZACIONAL
Assunto: Mentoreação para o Planejamento Estratégico de Vida
Artigo publicado na revista da FACESM (Itajubá, MG)
Escopo:
RESUMO
ABSTRACT
1. INTRODUÇÃO
2. CONCEITOS
3. ATITUDE REATIVA X ATITUDE PROATIVA
3.1. Modelo Reativo
3.2. Modelo Proativo
4. ROTEIRO DO PEV
5. ETAPAS DE PLANEJAMENTO DO PEV
5.1. Etapa 1: Preparativos
5.2. Etapa 2: Diagnóstico da Situação Atual
5.3. Etapa 3: Delineamento do Novo Paradigma
5.4. Etapa 4: Desenvolvimento do PEV
5.5. Etapa 5: Programação das Ações
6. ETAPAS DE EXECUÇÃO, CONTROLE, AVALIAÇÃO E REVISÃO DO PEV
6.1. Etapa 6: Execução do PEV
6.2. Etapa 7: Controle, Avaliação e Revisão do PEV
7. CONSIDERAÇÕES FINAIS
8. BIBLIOGRAFIA
Módulo: EThICS 904.007.00_Táticas, Métodos e Processos
Tópico: GESTÃO DO CONHECIMENTO
Assunto: Táticas, Métodos e Processos para a Gestão do Conhecimento
Escopo:
O que é Conhecimento?
Capacitação para o Conhecimento: Premissas Básicas
Tipos de Conhecimento: Tácito x Explícito
Modos de Conversão do Conhecimento
O Arquétipo do Conhecimento
Ciclo Integrado de Planejamento, Ação e Revisão
Cenário Ambiental da Empresa
O que é a Gestão do Conhecimento?
Processos para o Conhecimento
Reunindo o Conhecimento Existente
Compartilhando o Conhecimento já Existente
Criando Novos Conhecimentos
Diferenças entre os Contextos Organizacionais
Solicitude e Contexto Capacitante
Contexto Capacitante – o “ba”
Referencial Estratégico para o Conhecimento
Processos Individuais de Criação do Conhecimento
Processos Sociais de Criação do Conhecimento
Fases da Criação do Conhecimento
Fases da Criação do Conhecimento
Ações Capacitadoras do Conhecimento
Ações Capacitadoras do Conhecimento
Capacitação para o Conhecimento
Ações Estratégicas para o Conhecimento
Módulo: EThICS 904.006.00_Motivações Estratégicas
Tópico: GESTÃO DO CONHECIMENTO
Assunto: Motivações Estratégicas para a Gestão do Conhecimento
Escopo:
A Revolução Noolítica
A Era do Conhecimento
As Bases do Pensamento
Forças Motivacionais e Transformadoras
Efeitos da Evolução das TICs
A Geografia e a Topologia da Rede
O Valor Agregado pelo Conhecimento
Temas Dominantes da Atenção da Alta Administração
Os Conhecimentos e os Negócios
O que é Conhecimento?
Capacitação para o Conhecimento: Premissas Básicas
Tipos de Conhecimento: Tácito x Explícito
Desenvolvimento de Competências Pessoais
Competências Pessoais e Campos de Atuação
O que é a Gestão do Conhecimento?
Desafios e Respostas
Dinâmica da Aplicação Estratégica do Conhecimento
Ciclo Integrado de Planejamento, Ação e Revisão
Cenário Ambiental da Empresa
Modelo de Desenvolvimento da Empresa na Criação do Conhecimento
Processos Evolutivos para a Capacitação
Objetivos e Processos Estratégicos
Exemplos de Aplicações Estratégicas
Referencial Estratégico para o Conhecimento
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A Methodology Proposal to Design Radars - Systems Approach
1. ISSN: 1983 7402 ITA, 27 a 30 de setembro de 2011
A Methodology Proposal to Design Radars -
Systems Approach
Antonio Sallum Librelato1 and Osamu Saotome2
1 EThICS Engineering - Rua Prof. Maria Lima Cesar, 181, Ap. 12 - CEP 12216-141 - São José dos Campos - SP - Brasil
2 Instituto Tecnológico de Aeronáutica - Praça Marechal Eduardo Gomes, 50 – Vila das Acácias – São José dos Campos – SP - Brasil
Abstract When creating new systems, it is In the reference [2], the system engineering processes
recommended that, before starting the engineering comprehend mainly the definition of the problem, needs,
development phases of the project, the concept phase be feasibility, functional and performance analysis, the
executed. The proposed Systems Concepts Research (SCR) operational and logistical requirements, resulting on the
method was structured by one of the authors1 and refers to system synthesis, analysis and design optimization.
the concept phase of the project life cycle, in special when The reference [3] presents the System Architecture
applied to systems based on complex and critical Development, comprising requirements, operations, behavior
technologies, like radar systems. Additionally to the usual and physical elements of systems.
specialized tasks of systems development, this method Reference [4] considers the importance of the systems
integrates the specialized tasks of systems and products and products assurance technologies, like quality, reliability
assurance. The objectives of this article are: safety, maintainability, and others, considering also their
• To present the steps and tasks of the SCR method; combined effects and influence on the system cost-
• To reinforce the advantages of doing it before the effectiveness and risks.
system development phase; and The reference [5] presents a methodology for radar
• The convenience and advantages of the integrated systems analysis, considering the systems, requirements, and
and simultaneous execution of the analysis of risks, parameters for the development of new radars.
cost-effectiveness and system assurance, as part of There is a consensus among those references that the
the SCR method. phase of system concept definition must be executed before
Keyword research, assurance, radar. the beginning of the phase of system development, and that,
doing so, it will result on reducing costs and risks, with better
I. INTRODUCTION effectiveness of systems. Nevertheless, none of the
mentioned references establishes a clear integrated method to
Motivations for the Systems Concepts Research (SCR) do this, and that is the purpose of the present work..
method: The proposed SCR method was structured to create an
The project of complex and critical systems, like radars, is appropriate framework to permit the practical benefits of
submitted to challenging factors presented by the current those principles, by:
environment. These factors are the main motivations to adopt • Comprising all the tasks usually recommended by the
the SCR method, as follows [2]: references for the concept phase, as above, and
• Increasing systems complexities. • Additionally integrating the tasks necessary to assure
• Evolving technology changes. best results on the cost-effectiveness of systems,
• Extended systems life cycles. comprising:
• Shorter technologies life cycles. Management of:
• Constantly changing requirements. Systems and Products Assurance,
• More emphasis on “systems” (versus components). Risks,
Cost-effectiveness,
• Greater utilization of commercial off-the-shelf
Configuration,
(COTS) products.
Software Assurance,
• Higher overall life-cycle costs.
Rights and Penalties of Assurance and
• Increasing demand for mitigation and control of Warranties.
uncertainty and hazard risks during the development
• Engineering of:
phase, mainly when based on new and not well mature Quality,
technologies [4]. Reliability,
In the reference [1], the main tasks of the concept
Maintainability,
development comprise needs analysis, concepts exploration
Safety,
and definition. Security,
A. S. Librelato, a.sallum@uol.com.br, Tel +55-12-39418277. O. Saotome,
osaotome@ita.br, Tel +55-12- 39475818.
2. ISSN: 1983 7402 ITA, 27 a 30 de setembro de 2011
Human Factors, • Assure that a real and valid need exists, with at least
Supportability and logistics, one feasible solution to attend it.
Sustainability, • Define a valid set of operational, functional and
Verification and Validation, and performance requirements to be attended by the
Other analogous. concept.
By acting in advance to the development of systems and • Explore technologies and systems capable to fulfill the
products, the SCR creates opportunities for: needs and requirements.
• Consolidating the requirements, since the beginning of • Select the system concept that best accomplish the
the project studies. established needs, requirements, restrictions,
• Active participation of the main stakeholders on the assurances, and balance of cost-effectiveness.
project. • Planning the subsequent phases of development,
• Reduction of the future life cycle costs of the system. production, support, usage and discard of the selected
• Reduction of hazard and uncertainty risks. concept.
• Improvement of the effectiveness of solutions.
• Analysis and evaluation of the required and available III. NRA - NEEDS AND REQUIREMENTS ANALYSIS
knowledge and technologies for the execution of the
project. Purposes of NRA:
• Conscious and comparative selection of the most • Understand what the problem to be solved by the
adequate solution, from distinct alternatives. future system is.
• Reduction of the management and engineering efforts • Establish that a necessity for a new system really
to develop the system. exists and is valid.
• Direction and recommendation of actions to mitigate • Establish that the desired system is technically and
and control of risks, costs, and systems assurance. economically feasible.
• Elicit and analyze the requirements applied to the
II. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE SCR METHOD project and to the system.
Principles of SCR: Steps and Tasks of NRA:
The SCR method comprises a series of interactive tasks. • Vision of Problem:
It will require specialized knowledge and skills on Description of the motivations, nature, magnitude,
management and engineering of systems, requirements, risks, and context of the main problem to be solved.
product assurance, costs and project planning and product Evaluation of the risks derived if the problem will
development. Depending on the specific conditions of not be solved.
procurement and supply of systems, the work share between • Needs Analysis:
client and manufacturer (or supplier) will vary. Anyway, the Description of the needs, goals and objectives to
complete composition of tasks is practically the same. be attended.
The SCR method brings great benefits on obtaining the Description of the suppositions and restrictions to
best solution for the needs, reduction of time and costs, be considered by the project of the system.
increase on the system assurance, performance and Identification of the system stakeholders and
effectiveness, and better satisfaction of customers, users and definition of interests, responsibilities and
producers [1] [4]. authorities.
Definitions about the required system life cycle,
Phases of the SCR: use start date, useful life span, and operation and
The method here presented consists of four steps, where maintenance cycles.
the specialized tasks of systems, requirements and systems • Operational Analysis:
assurance engineering are integrated and executed, as follow: Analysis of the objectives and goals of the
• NRA - Needs and Requirements Analysis operations.
• SCE - Systems Concepts Exploration Description, dimensioning and scenery profiling of
• SCD - System Concept Definition the system mission.
• SRAA - Systems Risks and Assurance Analysis Description of the system operational concepts.
Description and space and time values of the
Purposes of SCR: environmental conditions, during the operations.
As part of the life cycle of projects, the SCR aims to: Architecture concept of the system and
• Create a clear definition about which system concept subsystems, and their space distributions for the
shall be developed, according to which plans and operations.
conditions, to well attend the needs, requirements and Definitions about internal and external interfaces
cost-effectiveness established for the project and among systems and subsystems.
system. Statement of the main expected benefits.
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• Functional Analysis: Evaluation of performance and cost-effectiveness
Description of the system functional concepts and characteristics of each alternative.
requirements: Definition, integration and validation of the
Translation of operational objectives into performance characteristics.
system functions. • Performance Requirements Synthesis:
List and flux of functions (specific, primary Description, classification and qualification of
and secondary). each alternative.
Reasons to exert each function.
Description of why, when, where, duration V. SCD - SYSTEM CONCEPT DEFINITION
and frequency of the functions.
Allocation of functions to the system and Purposes of SCD:
subsystems elements. • Select the best solution of system concept to attend the
Simulation of the functions isolated and combined. established requirements and restrictions.
• Feasibility Definitions: • Select a preferable (most attractive) system concept.
Description, analysis and evaluation of the • Define its basic architecture and functional
currently available solutions. characteristics.
Comparison of the available solutions with the • Develop a detailed plan to the subsequent phases of
system concepts requirements. system and product development, manufacturing and
Evaluation of feasibility of each system functional implementation.
concept.
• Needs Validation: Steps and Tasks of SCD
Characterization and validation of the needs to be • Performance Requirements Analysis:
satisfied, presenting their evidences. Analysis and refinement of the performance and
• Operational Requirements Synthesis: functional requirements.
Elicitation, analysis and validation of all • Functional Analysis and Formulation:
operational requirements and constraints. Definition and simulation of the functional
components.
IV. SCE - SYSTEMS CONCEPTS EXPLORATION Modeling and demonstrations with prototypes of
the alternatives.
Purposes of SCE: • Implementation Concept Selection:
• Present a variety of alternatives as solutions of system Selection and justification of the preferred system
concepts, which will attend the established concept.
requirements and restrictions. • Concept Validation and Description:
• Explore which are the potential concepts of systems Modeling of system concept and its environment.
that may attend the needs. Functional and architectonic specifications of the
• Formulate and validate a set of system performance system concept.
requirements for each of the system concepts. System concept validation and description.
• System Development Planning:
Steps and Tasks of SCE: Planning for the system development, production,
• Operational Requirements Analysis: support, use and discard.
Critical analysis of the operational objectives.
Detailed revision and analysis of the operational VI. SRAA - SYSTEMS RISKS AND ASSURANCE
concept and requirements. ANALYSIS
Feasibility analysis of the operational
requirements. Purposes of SRAA:
• Performance Requirements Formulation: • Assure and validate that the requirements and
Derivation of subsystems functions and restrictions of systems assurance and cost-
performance requirements. effectiveness could be attended by the selected system
Formulation of performance characteristics. concept.
• Implementation Concepts Exploration: • Evaluation of risks and cost-effectiveness.
Assessment and analysis of technologies and • Validation of system assurance requirements.
systems possibilities. • Recommendations for mitigation and control of risks,
Formulation of alternatives of implementation costs and system assurance, for each alternative of
concepts. system concept.
Execution of proof-of-concepts experiments, to • Execute this step in parallel and simultaneously with
evaluate the exequibility of the alternatives. the other three steps of the SCR.
• Performance Requirements Validation:
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Steps and Tasks of SRAA Detailed recommendations for the achievement of
• During the Needs and Requirements Analysis system assurance and cost-effectiveness elements
(NRA): of the selected system concept.
Risks classification and analysis criteria.
Assessment and evaluation of the potential risks VII. CONCLUSIONS
for the project, the system, and the operations.
Assessment, limits characterization, and evaluation The main structure of steps and tasks of the Systems
of the main system assurance requirements, Concepts Research (SCR) method was presented, ready to be
comprising: applied to a general radar project case. As it is a generic
Configuration management, software framework, it will be necessary to adequate the terminology
assurance, rights and penalties of assurance, to each specific application, according to types of systems
verification and validation. and technologies, to apply to other cases.
Quality, reliability, maintainability, safety, The level of details and assessment shall also be tailored
security, human factors, supportability and to each case, in conformance with the degree of uncertainty,
logistics, sustainability, and other analogous. difficulty and newness.
Preliminary evaluation and analysis of the TCO - The four steps of the SCR method comprise the most
Total Cost of Ownership perceived by the market. common tasks recommended for the concept of systems, as
Go-No Go decision. well as to include and integrate the risks, cost-effectiveness
• During the Systems Concepts Exploration (SCE): and assurance disciplines, simultaneous with the systems and
Characterization, evaluation and comparison of requirements engineering tasks.
risks and system assurance parameters of each Taking radar systems as a goal of systems concept, the
alternative of system concept. SCR method will permit a structured and complete analysis
Analysis and evaluation of each trade-off and synthesis, including the flexibility to look for the most
solutions. recent technologies available for radar systems, like the
Analysis of viability of accomplishment of the Software Defined Radio (SDR) technology and method.
system assurance requirements and of the cost-
effectiveness balance. REFERENCES
Go-No Go decision.
Recommendations for the mitigation and control [1] A. Kossiakoff; W. N. Sweet. Systems Engineering - Principles
and Practice. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley, 2003.
of risks.
[2] S. Blanchard. System Engineering Management. 4th ed.
Recommendations for the provisioning of systems Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley, 2008.
assurance and cost-effectiveness. [3] S. Wasson. System Analysis, Design, and Development -
• During the System Concept Definition (SCD): Concepts, Principles and Practices. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley,
Detailed analysis and revision of the terms of 2006.
assurance and cost-effectiveness. [4] G. Raheja; A. Allocco. Assurance Technologies Principles and
Practices. 2nd ed. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley, 2006.
Go-No Go decision.
[5] J. Bogush, Jr. Radar and the Atmosphere. Norwood, MA: Artech
Detailed recommendations for mitigation and House, 1989.
control of risks for the selected system concept.
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