The document is a lesson plan submitted by two nursing students. It includes objectives, an introduction defining lesson plans, their purpose and principles. It outlines the steps of lesson planning, advantages, limitations and characteristics of good lessons. It discusses approaches like Herbartian and RCEM, and formats. Resources used include books, internet and teacher consultants.
1. It explains about how to organise team teaching in side the school with cooperation of other teachers.
2. It enhance the teachers with commitment, comprehensive, creative, concern towards the students
"Lecture cum demonstration Method" is one of the Teacher centered approach. this PPT is useful for B.Ed, M.Ed and Dl.Ed students & also useful for teacher educators as a reference
TNTEU - B.Ed New Syllabus - Pedagogy of Mathematics - Semester 1 - Code BD1MA - Unit III Approaches for teaching - Unit plan- Meaning - Elements - steps in unit plan - types of unit plan - principles involved in unit plan Advantages and Disadvantages - Example of Unit plan - Format of a Unit plan - Conclusion
1. It explains about how to organise team teaching in side the school with cooperation of other teachers.
2. It enhance the teachers with commitment, comprehensive, creative, concern towards the students
"Lecture cum demonstration Method" is one of the Teacher centered approach. this PPT is useful for B.Ed, M.Ed and Dl.Ed students & also useful for teacher educators as a reference
TNTEU - B.Ed New Syllabus - Pedagogy of Mathematics - Semester 1 - Code BD1MA - Unit III Approaches for teaching - Unit plan- Meaning - Elements - steps in unit plan - types of unit plan - principles involved in unit plan Advantages and Disadvantages - Example of Unit plan - Format of a Unit plan - Conclusion
Discussion involves two-way communication between participants.
In the classroom situation a teacher and students all participate in discussion.
During discussion, the teacher spends some time listening while the students spend sometimes talking.
The discussion is, therefore, a more active learning experience for the students than the lecture.
Pre-service teacher training starts with microteaching skills. This presentation is about black board writing skill. Student teachers will get idea about how to use black board and why to use black board. By using effective blackboard writing skill teacher can reinforce her/his ideas easily.
Heuristic Method, Introduction of Heuristic method, Principles of Heuristic Method, Techniques to adopt in heuristic method, Role of teacher, Merits, Limitation, suggestions, conclusion
Team teaching
Team teaching involves a group of two or more teachers working together to plan, conduct, and evaluate the learning activities for the same group of learners.
What is peer tutoring and how you will develop peer tutoring in your own classroom?
My masterals presentation will present you a simple but educated presentation of Peer Tutoring.
PROGRAMMED INSTRUCTION
Introduction:
Programmed Instruction method of teaching is an autocratic and individualised
strategy. Its main focus is to bring desirable change in the cognitive domain of the learner‟s
behaviour. The responses of the learner are strictly controlled by the programmer. Susan
Markle Susan Meyer Markle (1928–2008) was an American psychologist defines it as “a method of designing a reproducible sequence of instructional events to
produce a measurable and consistent effect on behaviour of each and every acceptable
student”.
The origin of modern programmed instruction is from the psychology of learning and
not from technology. It is an application of „operant conditioning‟ learning theory to teaching
–learning situations. It got historical momentum only after the publication of “The Science of
Learning and Art of teaching” articles by B.F. Skinner in 1954.
Programmed Instruction is a highly individualised instructional strategy for the
modification of behaviour. Besides instructional purpose, it can also be employed as a
mechanism of feedback device for improving teaching efficiency. Under this mode of
instruction, the student is active and proceeds at his own result. However, the Physical
presence of teacher is not essential in this strategy.
Definition:
“A progressively monitored, step-by-step teaching method, employing small units of information or learning material and frequent testing, whereby the student must complete or pass one stage before moving on to the next.”
“A method of teaching in which the information to be learned is presented in discrete units, with a correct response toeach unit required before the learner may advance to the next unit.”
Major objectives of Programmed Instructions are:-
• To help the student to learn by doing.
• To provide the situation to learn at his own pace.
• To help student to learn without the presence of a teacher.
• To present the content in a controlled manner and in logically related steps.
Purpose of programmed instructions are:-
• To manage human learning under controlled conditions.
• To promote learning at the pace of the learner.
• To present the material in small pieces.
• To provide quicker response
Major principles of Programmed Instruction are:-
1) Principle of Small Step.
2) Principle of Active Responding
3) Principle of Immediate confirmation.
4) Principle of Self - Pacing
5) Principle of Student - Testing.
This model guides teachers to go to the depth of the content. And helps students to attain new concepts. So the model has a great attribute on teaching -learning process.
A lesson plan is a teacher's detailed description of the course of instruction or "learning trajectory" for a lesson. A daily lesson plan is developed by a teacher to guide class learning. Details will vary depending on the preference of the teacher, subject being covered, and the needs of the students
Discussion involves two-way communication between participants.
In the classroom situation a teacher and students all participate in discussion.
During discussion, the teacher spends some time listening while the students spend sometimes talking.
The discussion is, therefore, a more active learning experience for the students than the lecture.
Pre-service teacher training starts with microteaching skills. This presentation is about black board writing skill. Student teachers will get idea about how to use black board and why to use black board. By using effective blackboard writing skill teacher can reinforce her/his ideas easily.
Heuristic Method, Introduction of Heuristic method, Principles of Heuristic Method, Techniques to adopt in heuristic method, Role of teacher, Merits, Limitation, suggestions, conclusion
Team teaching
Team teaching involves a group of two or more teachers working together to plan, conduct, and evaluate the learning activities for the same group of learners.
What is peer tutoring and how you will develop peer tutoring in your own classroom?
My masterals presentation will present you a simple but educated presentation of Peer Tutoring.
PROGRAMMED INSTRUCTION
Introduction:
Programmed Instruction method of teaching is an autocratic and individualised
strategy. Its main focus is to bring desirable change in the cognitive domain of the learner‟s
behaviour. The responses of the learner are strictly controlled by the programmer. Susan
Markle Susan Meyer Markle (1928–2008) was an American psychologist defines it as “a method of designing a reproducible sequence of instructional events to
produce a measurable and consistent effect on behaviour of each and every acceptable
student”.
The origin of modern programmed instruction is from the psychology of learning and
not from technology. It is an application of „operant conditioning‟ learning theory to teaching
–learning situations. It got historical momentum only after the publication of “The Science of
Learning and Art of teaching” articles by B.F. Skinner in 1954.
Programmed Instruction is a highly individualised instructional strategy for the
modification of behaviour. Besides instructional purpose, it can also be employed as a
mechanism of feedback device for improving teaching efficiency. Under this mode of
instruction, the student is active and proceeds at his own result. However, the Physical
presence of teacher is not essential in this strategy.
Definition:
“A progressively monitored, step-by-step teaching method, employing small units of information or learning material and frequent testing, whereby the student must complete or pass one stage before moving on to the next.”
“A method of teaching in which the information to be learned is presented in discrete units, with a correct response toeach unit required before the learner may advance to the next unit.”
Major objectives of Programmed Instructions are:-
• To help the student to learn by doing.
• To provide the situation to learn at his own pace.
• To help student to learn without the presence of a teacher.
• To present the content in a controlled manner and in logically related steps.
Purpose of programmed instructions are:-
• To manage human learning under controlled conditions.
• To promote learning at the pace of the learner.
• To present the material in small pieces.
• To provide quicker response
Major principles of Programmed Instruction are:-
1) Principle of Small Step.
2) Principle of Active Responding
3) Principle of Immediate confirmation.
4) Principle of Self - Pacing
5) Principle of Student - Testing.
This model guides teachers to go to the depth of the content. And helps students to attain new concepts. So the model has a great attribute on teaching -learning process.
A lesson plan is a teacher's detailed description of the course of instruction or "learning trajectory" for a lesson. A daily lesson plan is developed by a teacher to guide class learning. Details will vary depending on the preference of the teacher, subject being covered, and the needs of the students
Introduction
Objectives
Need of Lesson Planning
Approaches to Lesson Planning
Course and Unit Planning
Daily and Weekly Planning
Steps in Lesson Planning
The Lesson Plan Format
Self-Assessment Questions
References
Curriculum is one of the most important things that an aspiring teacher needs to know. This will help teacher identify different types of curriculum to be able to give a quality education to learners.
This PPT Aims to provide knowledge and understanding about the concept Phases of Teaching, Pre-Active Phase of Teaching, Interactive Phase of Teaching, Post-Active Phase of Teaching, Components of Planning Phase, Steps of Planning Phase, Steps of Inter-Active Phase, Activities of Post-Active Phase of Teaching and So on.
Icterus neonatorum presentation for studentsNehaNupur8
Introduction
Definition
Metabolism and excretion of bilirubin
Causes
Symptoms
Types
Physiological jaundice
Pathological jaundice
Breast milk jaundice
Neo natal jaundice is a yellow discoloration of the white part of the eyes and skin in a newborn baby due to high bilirubin level.
Neo natal jaundice becomes apparent at serum bilirubin concentration of 5-7mg / dL.
Shoulder and trunk 8-10mg/dl
Lower body – 10-12mg/dl.
Entire body 12-15 mg /DL
Pregnancy with fibroid uterus gyne presentation NehaNupur8
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incidence
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Now a days India become free, from some disease because several measures have been taken by the National government to improve the health of people.
Prominent among this measures are the national health programmes, which have been launched by the Central Government for the control of communicable diseases, improvement of environmental sanitation ,control of population etc.Improving the quality of services.
Improving the implementation of programs
.Arranging appropriate training for the workers to increase their capabilities & skill.
Ensuring the supply of required resources forthe implementation of program.
Increasing the awareness about NHPS through IEC activities.
Filling the gap between infrastructure & thehealth personnel
Health index in contrast of maternal healthNehaNupur8
Health index
Characteristics of maternal indicators
Commonly used maternal health indicators
Maternal mortality rate
Fertility rate
Perinatal mortality rate
Neonatal mortality rate
Postneonatal mortality rate
Infant mortality rate
Health index also called health indicators depending on the measure, a health indicators may be defined for a specific population, place, or geographic area.
Indicators are defined as “variable which help to measure changes
The union ministry of health and family welfare is instrunmental and responsible for implementation of various programmes on national scale in the areas of health, prevention and control of major communicable disease and promotion health
Various programmes are……
School health sevices is an important aspect of community, it possibles to increase the health level of community and achieve growth in health of future generation through school health srvices
ENVIRONMENTAL SANITATION HEALTH EDUCATION VITAL STATISTICSNehaNupur8
Sanitation means hygiene. Keeping the environmental clean and adopting hygienic practice can prevent us from many disease that occur due to unhygienic practices and environment.
A clean environment, open defecation free areas, personal hygiene practices, proper solid and liquid waste management, safe drinking water determines the health of individual as well as the community.
National leprosy eradication program CHNNehaNupur8
Acute Respiratory Infection Control Programme was initiated as a pilot project in 14 districts in year 1990. The programme was incorporated in child survival and safe motherhood (CSSM) programme in the year 1992 later on with Reproductive and Child Health (RCH) phase I in year 1997. Now ARI control is one of the components of RCH phase II.
Women empowerment women abuse, child abuseNehaNupur8
Empowerment is a multidimensional process
that helps people gain control over their own
lives.
◦
Empowerment refers to the increasing the
spiritual, political, social or economic strength
of individuals and communities.
◦
Women Empowerment is the process and the
outcome of the process by which women
challenge gender based discrimination in every
institution and structures of the society
National leprosy eradication program CHNNehaNupur8
Leprosy is a chronic infectious disease caused by ‘Mycobacterium Leprae’ an acid fast , rod shaped bacillus.
The disease mainly affects the skin , the peripheral nerves , mucosa of the upper respiratory tract and also eyes.
Cardinal Features:-
° Hypopigmented patch
° Loss of cutaneous sensation
° Thickened Nerve
° Acid fast bacilli
Leprosy has been regarded by tbe community as a contagious , mutilating and incurable disease.
Leprosy is curable and treatment provided in the early stages averts disability.
Multidrug Therapy (MDT) treatment has been made available by WHO free of charge to all patients worldwide since 1995, and provides a simple yet highly effective cure for all typesof leprosy.
Female foeticide & commercial sex workers , CHNNehaNupur8
Abortion of female foetus after undergoing a sex determination test is known as female foeticide .
Dowry system ,preference for a male child, low status of women , etc are the few reasons for female foeticide. Consequences of which are skewed sex ratio, female trafficking, rape & women exploitation.
Laws have been enacted to stop female foeticide .
Commercial sex workers are females , males , trans genders who receive money or goods in exchange of sexual services .HIV infection is more prevalent in them due to indulging in such work. Measures are now been taken to improve their sexual health and self esteem.
Alternative health care system and referral system, community health nursingNehaNupur8
Alternative systems of health include various healing approaches that originate from around the world and that are not based on conventional western medicine. There therapies are called alternative system of health as they are used alone as complementary medicine or these can be used with conventional medicine.
this contain detailed information about introduction, definition, causes, risk factor,treatment, medical and surgical management, nursing care given to the patient ,patient teaching.
this slides contain about the detailed information about the definition, introduction, classification, types, concept of aging, chronologic aging, biological aging, psychological aging, social aging, cognitive aging.
this slide contain inteoduction, definition, causes, risk factor, clinical manifestaion, types , treatment, medical management, nursing management, nursing care given in the intial stage, in case of emergency .
cancer of breast , this slide cointains detailed information about the breast cancer that is definition, causes and risk factor, sign and symptoms, management of patient with cancer , giving psychological support .treatment
Safalta Digital marketing institute in Noida, provide complete applications that encompass a huge range of virtual advertising and marketing additives, which includes search engine optimization, virtual communication advertising, pay-per-click on marketing, content material advertising, internet analytics, and greater. These university courses are designed for students who possess a comprehensive understanding of virtual marketing strategies and attributes.Safalta Digital Marketing Institute in Noida is a first choice for young individuals or students who are looking to start their careers in the field of digital advertising. The institute gives specialized courses designed and certification.
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A workshop hosted by the South African Journal of Science aimed at postgraduate students and early career researchers with little or no experience in writing and publishing journal articles.
Exploiting Artificial Intelligence for Empowering Researchers and Faculty, In...Dr. Vinod Kumar Kanvaria
Exploiting Artificial Intelligence for Empowering Researchers and Faculty,
International FDP on Fundamentals of Research in Social Sciences
at Integral University, Lucknow, 06.06.2024
By Dr. Vinod Kumar Kanvaria
2. SUBMITTEDTO :
MRS LEHALI BALA
SUBJECT COORDINATOR
COMMUNICATION, EDUCATIONAND
TECHNOLOGY
SUBMITTED BY :
NEETU KUMARI
ROLL NO. – 12
SHIWANI KUMARI
ROLL NO. – 37
2nd year Basic BSC Nursing, College of
nursing, RIMS, RANCHI
3. CONTENTS
■ Objectives
■ Introduction
■ Definition
■ Purpose
■ Principle
■ Steps of lesson plan
■ Advantage of lesson plan
■ Limitation of lesson plan
■ Characteristics of good lesson
■ Approaches to lesson plan
■ Resources used
■ Bibliography
4. OBJECTIVES
Presenting Information Clearly And In An Organized Manner.
Uses Learner Centered Activities.
Begins Class On Time.
Integrating Scans Strategies.
Displaying Objectives.
Planning Lessons Based On Learner Goals And Needs
Assessment.
Teaching is an Environment which is Comfortable For Learning.
5. INTRODUCTION
A Lesson Plan is a Teacher's Detailed Description Of the
course of Instruction or "Learning Trajectory" for a lesson.
A Daily Lesson Plan is Developed by a Teacher to
Guide class Learning.
A Lesson Plan is the Teacher's Guide for running particular
Lesson, and it includes the Goal (What the student are
Supposed to Learn), How the Goal will be reached (The
Method, Procedure) and a way of measuring how well the goal
was reached (Test, Worksheet, Homework etc.)
6. Definition
A Lesson Plan is actually a plan of action. It includes: Working Philosophy
of a teacher, his information about and understanding of learners, his
comprehension of the objectives of education, his knowledge of the
material to be taught, his ability to use effective methods of education.
- (Lester B. Stands)
7. Purposes of lesson plan
Helps To Achieve The Goal And Objectives
Keeps The Teacher On The Track
Helps In Effective Teaching
Prevents Waste Of Time
It Gives The Teacher The Greater Confidence And Freedom In
Teaching
Helps The Teacher To Delimit The Teaching Field According To
The Content
It Helps To Avoid Repetition
8. Principles of lesson plan
Flexible Planning
Teacher Must Be Fully Conversant With
New Methods
Teacher Must Have Mastery
Psychological And Logical Fashion
Active Student Participation
9. STEPS FOR LESSON PLANNING
Steps to Prepare an Exciting and Effective lesson plan
■ Step 1 – Choose realistic learning goals. ...
■ Step 2 – Pick exciting topics or learning contexts. ...
■ Step 3 – Know your students' needs and talents. ...
■ Step 4 – Use a range of teaching approaches and methods. ...
■ Step 5 – Select appealing resources. ...
■ Step 6 – Fair assessment. ...
■ Step 7 – Evaluation.
10. Advantages of lesson planning
■ lesson plan affects the teacher’s skill, intelligence, ability and his
personality. Following are the chief functions of planning:
■ It delimits the field of work of the teacher as well as of the students
and provides a definite objective for each day’s work
■ It tends to prevent wandering from the subject and going off the way.
It serves as a check on the possible wastage of time and energy of the
teachers and students. It makes teaching systematic, orderly and
economical
■ Planning helps to avoid needless repition
■ Planning helps the teacher to overcome the feeling of nervousness
and insecurity. It gives him confidence to face the class.
11. ■ Lesson planning enables the teacher to link the new
knowledge with the previous knowledge acquired by
students
■ Lesson planning enables the teacher to prepare a suitable
scheme of selection and organization of subject-matter,
materials and activities
■ Lesson planning enables the teacher to provide for
suitable summaries
■ Lesson planning provides for an adequate checking of the
outcomes of instruction
12. Limitations of lesson planning
■ 1. In new or odd situations teacher feels himself helpless.
■ 2. Sometimes simple matters become complicated.
■ 3. More time is required to plan a lesson.
■ 4. Teacher cannot work/teach independently.
■ 5. There is lack of flexibility in lesson-planning.
■ 6. The teaching process becomes more difficult.
13. Chief characteristics of good lesson
■ It should be written
■ It should have clear aims.
■ It should be linked with previous knowledge.
■ It should show techniques of teaching.
■ It should show the illustrative aids.
■ It should contain appropriate subject matter.
■ It should be divided into units
14. Approachesto lessonplan
1. Herbartian Approach
German Philosopher and educationist John Fedrick Herbart (1746-1841) developed
a psychological procedure in the field of lesson planning. His approach indicates
more towards teacher‟s presentation rather than the student‟s behaviour. Herbart
proposed four steps:
a) Clearness b) Association c) System d) Method
These steps were further modified by Herbart as:
a) Preparation
In this step, previous knowledge is explored so that the students become motivated
to gain new knowledge.
b) Presentation
In this step, the content is presented in an effective manner. Active participation of
the students is an essential part of presentation
15. c) Association or Comparison
This step is related with the task of strengthening the content presented in the
second step.Teacher compares the previous knowledge with new knowledge and
thus the students establish a link between them.
d) Generalisation
After comparison, students learn to simplify the content. Rules, principles,
characteristics, objectives, importance and limitations etc. are drawn in this step.
e) Application
Students learn to apply the knowledge in similar situations.
f) Recapitulation
Teacher asks questions related to the content to check how much the students have
understood.
16. 2. RCEM Approach
This approach to lesson planning has been developed at Regional College of
Education, Mysore. It is named as RCEM approach.This approach makes use of
Systems Approach to education.The main steps involved in this approach are:
a) Input
In this step, the entry level behaviour of the students is examined. Instructional
objectives are specified in behavioural terms.
b) Process
This step is concerned with the presentation of content matter. It corresponds to
interaction process of the classroom. Activities of teacher and students are involved in
this process.
17. c) Output
This is the evaluation phase of the lesson.Teacher uses various evaluation
techniques to know the extent of achievement of instructional objectives.
3. Morrison or Unit Approach
This approach is associated with the name of the professor H. C. Morrison (1871-
1945) of the University of Chicago. According to this approach, the teaching-
learning process must result into the mastery of the content matter of a unit.The
teacher moves to the second unit only when she thinks that the students have
acquired mastery over the subject matter of the unit and are capable of generalising
and applying the ideas of learned materia
18. Morrison proposed five steps:
a) Exploration
In this step, the teacher tries to know the students‟ entry level behavior (previous
knowledge).
b) Presentation
The overview of the subject matter is given and the structure of the whole unit is
discussed with the students.
c) Assimilation
In this step, the students study the subject matter deeply and try to understand it.
d) Organisation
The students present the acquired knowledge in a systematic manner in written form.
19. e) Recitation
This step is related with the students verbal expression of the subject manner which
is learned by them.
22. BIBLIOGRAPHY
■ Sheeba k. Tryphena and Prasanna M. Laxmi textbook of
communication and educational technology 2nd edition frontline
publication
■ Dr. Sharma Suresh k. Sharma Reema textbook of
communication and educational technology 2nd edition Elesvier
publication
■ www.shareslide.com
■ www.wikipedia.com