The document discusses the six key elements of computer and communication systems: 1. People, who use and operate computers for a variety of tasks as either professionals or end-users. 2. Procedures, which are step-by-step instructions for using hardware, software, and data. 3. Data, which includes text, numbers, sounds, images and video that are input and processed into useful information. 4. Hardware, which are the physical machines and equipment like CPUs, keyboards and monitors that require software to function. 5. Software, which are the instructions that process data and give computers flexibility through application and system programs. 6. Connectivity, which allows computers to be connected

1. LESSON 4.0: ELEMENTS OF
COMPUTER AND
COMMUNICATION SYSTEM
COMPUTER CONCEPTS WITH INTERNET
INSTRUCTOR: SIR JOSHUA HERNANDEZ

2. COMPUTER AND COMMUNICATION SYSTEM
• Since the computer industry shares with communications
systems many elements in a common technology, there is a
widespread inclination to anticipate a convergence of the two
industries. Because this assumption has shaped public policies
regulating them, it is useful to understand the ways in which
communications systems and computers mirror one another.
• A system is a group of related components and operations that
interact to perform a task.

3. 6 ELEMENTS OF COMPUTER AND
COMMUNICATION SYSTEM
1. People
• People are the most important element of a computer
system. They use and operate the computer. People use
computers for variety of applications. Computer engineers
study computer hardware design and they build and
improve computers. Computer programmers write the
programs to come up with desired output from a set of
input data.

4. 6 ELEMENTS OF COMPUTER AND
COMMUNICATION SYSTEM
1. People
• Two types of Users
1. Professionals - An Information Technology (IT) professional who
had formal education in the technical aspect of using a computer
and communication system. Ex. Computer Programmer.
2. End-users - Someone without much technical knowledge of IT who
uses computers for entertainment, education or work related task.

5. 6 ELEMENTS OF COMPUTER AND
COMMUNICATION SYSTEM
2. Procedure
• Descriptions of how things are done, steps for
accomplishing a result
• Procedures are step by step instructions to follow when
using hardware, software, and data. The procedure are
normally written by computer specialists and are shipped
together with the computer product in printed or electronic
form.

6. 6 ELEMENTS OF COMPUTER AND
COMMUNICATION SYSTEM
3. Data
• Data includes texts and numbers, sounds, images, and video that we
input into the computer for processing. Raw data are normal inputs
entered into the computer. The software that the user decides to operate
on them determine largely the resulting output. Processed data are
called information and they are useful to people.
• A computer system’s data/information storage capacity is represented
by:
-> Kilobyte (KB) equivalent to approximately 1000 bytes.
-> Megabyte (MB) about 1 million bytes
-> Gigabyte (GB) about 1 billion bytes

7. 6 ELEMENTS OF COMPUTER AND
COMMUNICATION SYSTEM
4. Hardware
• Consists of all the machinery and equipment in a computer system
• Hardware are the physical equipment that you can feel and touch.
Hardware include the CPU, mouse, keyboard, printer, speaker,
microphone, and the monitor. The hardware need software to function
properly. Hardware come in variety of shapes, size, price and computing
power.

8. 6 ELEMENTS OF COMPUTER AND
COMMUNICATION SYSTEM
4. Hardware
• Four types of Computer Hardware
A.Input Hardware
B. Output Hardware
C.Primary Storage Hardware
D.Secondary Storage Hardware

9. 6 ELEMENTS OF COMPUTER AND
COMMUNICATION SYSTEM
A. INPUT HARDWARE
• Keyboard
• Mouse
• Scanner
• Microphone
B. OUTPUT HARDWARE
• Monitor
• Printer
• Speaker
• Headphone
4. Hardware

10. 6 ELEMENTS OF COMPUTER AND
COMMUNICATION SYSTEM
C. PRIMARY STORAGE
HARDWARE
• the computer’s “work space”
where data and programs for
immediate processing are
held.
• Ex: RAM, CMOS
D. SECONDARY STORAGE
HARDWARE
• consists of devices that store
data and programs
permanently.
• Ex. Diskette, Hard Disk,
Optical Disk
4. Hardware

11. 6 ELEMENTS OF COMPUTER AND
COMMUNICATION SYSTEM
5. Software
• Consist of the step by step instructions that tell the computer how to
perform a task.
• The purpose of software is to process data into useful information for
people. Software gives flexibility to computers. Computers become tool
for typing using word processing program, they become a drawing tool
with a graphics program and a music or video player with a media player
program.

12. 6 ELEMENTS OF COMPUTER AND
COMMUNICATION SYSTEM
5. Software
• Two Major Types of Software:
A.Application Software
B. System Software

13. 6 ELEMENTS OF COMPUTER AND
COMMUNICATION SYSTEM
A. APPLICATION SOFTWARE
• defined as software that can
perform useful work on
general purpose task.
• Ex: MS Word, iTunes, Google
Chrome, World of Warcraft,
VLC Media Player, Adobe
Photoshop
B. SYSTEM SOFTWARE
• have direct control and access
to your computer hardware ,
and memory locations . They
perform I/O operations on
various memory locations , and
control the hardware , to make
the application software do a
task.
5. Software

14. 6 ELEMENTS OF COMPUTER AND
COMMUNICATION SYSTEM
6. Connectivity
• Connectivity means that a computer must be connected to other
computers specially through the internet. Using the internet, people cam
share and access data and greatly expand ones capability and reach.