Latitude and longitude are coordinates that define locations on Earth. They are measured in degrees, minutes, and seconds, where degrees indicate lines on a map or globe, minutes are 1/60 of a degree, and seconds are 1/60 of a minute. Scale refers to the ratio of distances on a map compared to actual distances on Earth, such as 1 centimeter on a map representing 1 kilometer on the ground. It allows distances on maps to be measured and is constant throughout a given map or blueprint. Professions like mapmaking, engineering, and advertising use scale in their work.

1. Latitude, Longitude, and Scale

2. Latitude and Longitude Where do these Numbers Come From??

3. Latitude and Longitude cont. Latitude and Longitude are basically a giant coordinate system. Map of Michigan Practice Questions

4. Degrees, Minutes, and Seconds Degree – degrees are marked on a map/globe by the solid lines The distance between all lines of longitude is approximately 69 miles The distance between lines of latitude are approximately 69 miles at the equator and 0 miles at the poles

5. Degrees, Minutes, and Seconds cont. Minutes – 1 minute = 1/60 of a degree Seconds – 1 second = 1/60 of a minute Like in time: 60 seconds in a minute; 60 minutes in an hour (degree) The units are subdivided like scale on a graph Could go by 100’s, 10’s, 1’s, etc. Could be divided further into tenths, hundredths, and thousandths (like in decimals)

6. Scale Scale is the relationship between distances on a map and distances on the earth’s surface Represented as a fraction (1/20) or a ratio (1:20) What does this mean?

7. Scale and the Real World • Other than mapmakers, what professions use scale? • Scale is constant for a given piece - Ex: a map has the same scale for the entire map or a blueprint has the same scale for the whole blueprint

8. Scale and the Real World cont. Hot Wheels Clip Advertising Clip What kind of math did the people in these videos use? What did they have in common?

9. Large Scale vs. Small Scale Large Scale – small area is covered with a large amount of detail Ex: 1:10 Detailed map of the ATA Small Scale – large area is covered with a small amount of detail Ex: 1: 1,000,000 A Globe