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Geography_Map Skills .pptx
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- 2. What is amap? • A generalized view of an area, usually some portion of Earth’s surface, as seen from above at a greatly reduced size • Any geographical image of the environment • A two-dimensional representation of the spatial distribution of selected phenomena
- 3. What’s on amap? • Maps have a lot of information, but you need to know how to read them. There are several parts to a map which explain details and help you really see where you are and where you're going.
- 4. Why make maps? •To represent a larger area than we can see • To show a phenomenon or process we can’t see with our eyes • To present information concisely • To show spatial relationships
- 5. How do weread maps? • Maps are selective views of reality • Size of the map relative to reality (scale) • What’s on the map (symbolization) • Shape of the map (projection)
- 6. Relative Location • Describesa place in comparison to other places around it
- 7. Orientation • Direction --usually shown on a map using a compass rose or directional indicator
- 8. Pie Chart • Usedto show parts of a whole or percentages
- 9. Bar graph • Usedto show items in relation to others
- 10. Line Graph • Usedto show loss or gain or information over several time frames
- 11. Legend • Maps oftenhave symbols to represent such features as highways, small roads, campgrounds, and rest areas. These symbols are listed in the legend.
- 12. Scale • Shows theratio between a unit of length on a map and a unit of distance on the earth
- 13. Scale ►Maps are madeto scale; that is, there is a direct connection between a unit of measurement on the map and the actual distance. ►For example, each inch on the map represents one mile on Earth. So, a map of a town would show a mile-long strip of fast food joints and auto dealers in one inch.
- 14. Scale • The scalehelps you measure the distance betweeen two places. When you know the distance you can calculate how long the trip will take.
- 15. Map scale • Ratioof the distance on the map to the distance on the ground • Scale is a fraction • Larger area covered means larger denominator • Larger denominator means smaller fraction • So a large-scale map covers a small area
- 16. Map scale • Ratioof the distance on the map to the distance on the ground 1. Graphic: • Stays the same when photocopied • Might not be right for the whole map
- 17. Map scale Verbal: 1 inchequals 10 miles • Easy to understand • Can change if photocopied
- 18. Map scale 1. Representativefraction or ratio: 1:24,000 • Units don’t matter • Can change if photocopied • Ratio of the distance on the map to the distance on the ground • Scale is a fraction
- 19. Map symbolization • Symbolsare a code instead of text • Three kinds: point, line, area • Consider shape, size, orientation, pattern, color, value
- 20. The World Political •Political maps show how people have divided places on the Earth into countries, states, cities and other units for the purpose of governing them.
- 21. The World Physical •Physical maps show what the surface of the Earth looks like.
- 22. Oceans of theWorld • The world has four major oceans. • Atlantic • Pacific • Arctic • Indian • Southern Pacifi c ocean Atlanti c ocean Arctic ocean Indian ocean
- 23. Lines of Longitude •Imaginarylines that measure distance east and west of the Prime Meridian
- 24. Lines of latitude •Imaginary lines that measure distance north and south of the equator
- 25. Latitude and Longitude ►Theearth is divided into lots of lines called latitude and longitude.
- 26. Lines ►Longitude lines runnorth and south. ►Latitude lines run east and west. ►The lines measure distances in degrees. Latitude Longitude
- 27. Where is 0degree? ►The equator is 0 degree latitude. ►It is an imaginary belt that runs halfway point between the North Pole and the South Pole. Equator
- 28. Where is 0degree? ►The prime meridian is 0 degrees longitude. This imaginary line runs through the United Kingdom, France, Spain, western Africa, and Antarctica. P R I M E M E R I D I A N
- 30. Hemispheres ►By using theequator and prime meridian, we can divide the world into four hemispheres, north, south, east, and west.
- 32. Compass • The compass showsthe directions on a map: north, south, east, and west.
- 33. Compass ►A compass isa tool that helps the user know what direction one is headed. ►On a map, a compass or a compass rose helps the user locate these directions.
- 34. Compass Rose ►The needleon a compass is magnetized to point to the earth's north magnetic pole. Thus with a compass, a person can roughly tell which direction they are headed. Source:
- 35. Directions ►The cardinal directionsare north, south, east, and west. ►The intermediate directions are northeast, southeast, southwest and northwest. ►They help describe the location of places in relation to other places.
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- 37. Time Zones ►The Earthis divided into 24 time zones, corresponding to 24 hours in a day. ►As the earth rotates, the sun shines in different areas, moving from east to west during the course of a day. ►Places that have the same longitude will be in the same time zone.
- 38. Map Legends ►The legendis the key to unlocking the secrets of a map. Objects or colors in the legend represent something on the map. Religions Legend
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