This document discusses language varieties and standards. It notes that every language user has an accent or dialect influenced by their region and social group. It also discusses bilingualism, pidgins, and creoles. Pidgins develop for trade but may become creoles if passed to children. When a country is bilingual, language planning includes standardization through elaboration, selection, codification, and acceptance to establish a standard variety used in public life.

1. Languag
e
Varieties
Maria Francisca
Rojas Victoriano

2. The Standard
Language
Newspapers and
which Taught at schools
books
Forms the basis So it is
of printed
English
Used to teach
Used in Mass
Associated with English as a
media
second language
Education and Easily described in
Written
broadcasting language
In the
In the
UK
US
Standard Standard
British American
English English

3. Grammar
Every Accent & Dialect describes Vocabulary
language-user Aspects of
has an accent pronunciation
Technically both
referring to where
Need to be distinguished
Aspects of Differences in
pronunciation vocabulary are
Which
easily recognized
but
Identifies where regionally
both Variations in meaning
someone is from and
of grammatical
socially constructions are less
frequent

4. The dialect We are referring to
continuum Bilingualism
meaning
As in
A dialect existing English-
Which was an
without ‘breaking’ speaking
Canada
country
between regions
With a
while
where
Someone speaks one
People who use French- language and learns
the ‘dominant
variations of a speaking
language’, in order to
minority
dialect between take part in the society
regions
are
When people use two
Bidialectal but
different languages

5. Most of the population
‘implementation’
use the Standard as their where
and finally
official language, playing ‘acceptance’
Language a very important part in
planning their identities
Next is
Used ‘elaboration’ where
Standard variety is
when developed for use in
all aspects of social
It follows
life
A country is
bilingual
Basic grammars,
Standard
To
dictionaries and
so
variety establish
written models are
used
where
An official language through then
must be chosen ‘selection’ ‘codification’

6. Form the
Pidgin Its origin is
Chinese word Creole is
‘business’
Is a
It develops as
A Pidgin
Vocabulary developed
Variety of elements of it
language beyond its role
can become
grammatical
Developed to
elements
Trade among The first language
Creoles have so
of pidgin-speakers’
groups of people
more native children
who
speakers
Did not know each
other’s languages

7. The Post-Creole
continuum
Processes
creolization where decreolization
Development Leads to the It leaves a basic
from pidgin external so
variety of Creole
to Creole standard model
Known as Known as
This processes of
Creole evolution is arolect Between them:
basilect
called: Post-Creole
continuum mesolects