Language choice in multilingual communities
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This document discusses language choice in multilingual communities. It describes the concept of variety codes, which refers to the different linguistic codes a person has and uses depending on the social context or domain of interaction. Domains include factors like the addressee, setting, topic, and function. Code choice is also influenced by other social factors like social distance, status relationship, and formality. The document then discusses concepts like diglossia, where two varieties of the same language are used depending on social context, and polyglossia, where three or more language varieties are present in a community. It also addresses how stable diglossia can be, with high varieties sometimes being displaced by low varieties over time. Finally, it covers the
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Sociolinguistics is the study of how language and society interact. A key concept is that we alter our language based on social factors like the setting, participants, and topic of conversation. Pidgins develop as languages of contact between groups without a shared language, using simplified grammar and vocabulary from the source languages. If a pidgin is passed down to children as their primary language, it becomes a creole, a fully developed language with its own complex linguistic system. Code-switching and code-mixing occur when multilingual speakers blend elements of multiple languages in a single conversation for reasons of identity, emphasis, or lack of a word in one language.
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Reference :
" http://nongnia.blogspot.com/2013/04/sociolinguistic-language-maintenance.html "
" and other sources "
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Rapid lose and endangerment of languages is occurring on a global scale. What are some of the causes of this? What consequences might it have, especially for speakers of minority languages? Discuss some of the steps proposed for diagnosing, halting and reversing language shift. Identify a language that is facing extinction or endangered. Discuss what can be done to revitalize it.
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Language choice in multilingual communities
- 2. Variety code • Linguistic Repertoire It is the variety of linguistic codes that a person has stored and uses them depending on the different environments
- 3. Variety Code • Domains It is where the interaction takes place (Social context) Domain Addressee Setting Topic Code Family Friendship Religion Education Employment Parent Friend Priest Teacher Employer Home Beach Church School Workplace Planning a party Family How to play beach tennis Sunday liturgy Solving math problems Applying for promotions __________ __________ __________ __________ __________
- 4. Variety Code • Modeling Code Choice? Speakers model their code choice depending of the different factors (Domain, Addressee or Setting)
- 5. Variety Code • Other Factors that modify code choice Social Distance Status Relationship Formality Function
- 6. Diglossia “Classic Diglossia” • Same language, two varieties • Two varieties complement each other • H variety is not used in a daily basis
- 7. Diglossia • Attitudes towards different level varieties – H inspires respect – L is more relaxed and inspires comfort
- 8. Diglossia • Disglossia with/without Bilingualism DIGLOSSIA + - BILINGUALISM + - 1. Both diglossia and bilingualism 2. Bilingualism without diglossia 3. Diglossia without bilingualism 4. Neither diglossia nor bilingualism
- 9. Polyglossia Best described as the situation in which three or more varieties of the same language feature on a speech community
- 10. Diglossia…stability? • H varieties are displaced by L varieties – L varieties, converted in H, develop their L variety
- 11. Switching / Mixing • Participants, solidarity and status - Why switching from code to code? - Why mixing different codes?
- 12. Switching / Mixing • Topic - Topic = switching • Affective Functions - Affection/ rhetoric = switching
- 13. Switching / Mixing • Metaphorical switching - The way the author describes the code-mixing
- 14. Switching / Mixing • Lexical borrowing – This switching is used due the lack of vocabulary of the primary language used to describe something
- 15. Switching / Mixing • Linguistic constrains • Where? • When? • What for?
- 16. Switching / Mixing • Linguistic constrains – Equivalence Constrain – MLF (Matrix Language Frame)
Editor's Notes
- Diglossia is a characteristic of speech communities rather than individuals. It is to cover the community domains
- Related to formality
- Situational switch