Bahrain is developing an Intelligent Transportation System (ITS) to address traffic challenges. ITS uses information and communication technologies to improve mobility, reduce pollution, and increase safety with tight budgets. Bahrain faces increasing traffic volumes, with over 800,000 vehicle trips daily and vehicle registrations growing 10% annually. Congestion is a major issue, costing the economy millions annually in lost time and productivity. Bahrain's ITS strategy aims to enhance safety, reduce accidents, improve traffic flow, provide traveler information, and support efficient road network management through technologies like traffic monitoring and dynamic message signs. The goal is to increase average speeds by 40% and reduce accidents by 24% from 2014 levels.
Transport sectors projects are very political entities and governments are still held responsible should there be revenue short fall or distressed situation. further modes of transport do compete with each other but in a limited manner, however, global threats nowadays require certain redundancy in transport network, this affects PPP structure!
Also experience suggests that negotiations between public authorities and prospective concessionaires are rather asymmetrical, and lead to asymmetric risk sharing. Concessionaires have extraordinary bargaining powers as they know no competition exists after the concession is signed.
This document provides an overview of public-private partnerships (PPPs) for toll road projects. It discusses key elements for evaluating BOT project economics, including country environment, concession environment, public-private risk sharing, sponsor ability, and financial market environment. It also covers different tolling models and concepts, as well as critical risks and success factors for tolled PPP projects. The document aims to outline effective collaboration between the public and private sectors for delivering tolled bridge and highway projects.
This document discusses funding, financing, and implementing smart city projects. It provides an overview of challenges cities face, the evolution of smart city initiatives, and examples of smart city systems. It also covers stakeholders in smart city projects, financing tools and strategies for making projects bankable, data monetization opportunities, and combining different financing options based on project components and durations. The key challenges for cities are selecting the right financing tools and bringing together stakeholders and funding sources for complex, long-term smart city undertakings.
There is a huge need for infrastructure developments and service quality improvement at many airports markets, but public budgets are limited. PPPs can provide a solution when the resources of private and public partners are bundled where conventional privatizations are not possible. The uniqueness of each airport development requires always a tailored approach structuring a PPP.
PPPs with a fair allocation of risks and rewards provide a means to raise necessary funds and know-how on the basis of a realistic business case. Risk mitigation strategies have to be developed to protect the public and private partners, including e.g. re-definition of the airport value chain, tax advantages, direct subsidies, etc.
Financiang Infrastructural Development in ZimbabweVincent Mutsvene
There are 88,100 km of classified roads in Zimbabwe, 17,400 km of which are paved .About 5 percent of the network is classified as primary roads and has some of the most trafficked arterials that link Zimbabwe with its neighbors. A portion of the Pan-Africa Highway passes through Zimbabwe. This part of the road network plays a major role in the movement of the country’s imports and exports as well as transit freight.
However lately due to fiscal constraints and budgetary ills, the road network has rapidly deteriorated and can be described as in intensive care. There is need for rehabilitation, maintenance and construction of new roads especially the Beitbridge- Chirundu highway ( a transit corridor) linking South Africa and the upper parts of Africa. Road carnage have been prevalent and the busy road is narrow and can not contain the level of traffic flow operating there.
A developmental Imperative therefore presents itself on how to finance the road construction against compiling government developmental initiatives. A financing mechanism is therefore proposed in this presentation. This Innovative finance model ensure private capital investments funding development against government financing. This provides a breather to the government as they focus on other initiatives and the private sector wins through greater financial and social returns inherent in these financing structures.
ISMED Training: Assessing the PPP Option, presentation by IFCOECDGlobalRelations
This document discusses several public-private partnership projects related to river transport and ports. It begins with an overview of IFC's role in providing financing and advisory services to promote private sector development. It then discusses opportunities for private sector participation in Egypt's river transport sector to help address infrastructure needs. The document outlines the process for selecting PPP projects and preparing the necessary studies and contracts. It also provides examples of IFC's involvement in past port-related PPPs in various countries in the MENA region.
ISMED Training: PPP Fundamentals by Andrew Fitzpatrick, OECDOECDGlobalRelations
Presented at the Training Session on Public Private Partnerships organised by the MENA-OECD Investment Security in the Mediterranean (ISMED) Support Programme in September 2014.
Analytical comparision of BOT,BOOT and PPP modelsBhavin Sharma
This document provides an analytical comparison of different public-private partnership (PPP) models, including BOT, BOOT, and full privatization (FP). It discusses why PPPs are used for infrastructure projects, defines PPPs in India, and outlines the objectives and advantages of PPPs. It then describes the key characteristics and risk allocation of BOT, BOOT, and FP models. The document concludes by analytically comparing these three models and noting that BOT and BOOT models transfer more risk to the private sector but require a stable political and economic environment, while FP gives more control to the private sector.
Transport sectors projects are very political entities and governments are still held responsible should there be revenue short fall or distressed situation. further modes of transport do compete with each other but in a limited manner, however, global threats nowadays require certain redundancy in transport network, this affects PPP structure!
Also experience suggests that negotiations between public authorities and prospective concessionaires are rather asymmetrical, and lead to asymmetric risk sharing. Concessionaires have extraordinary bargaining powers as they know no competition exists after the concession is signed.
This document provides an overview of public-private partnerships (PPPs) for toll road projects. It discusses key elements for evaluating BOT project economics, including country environment, concession environment, public-private risk sharing, sponsor ability, and financial market environment. It also covers different tolling models and concepts, as well as critical risks and success factors for tolled PPP projects. The document aims to outline effective collaboration between the public and private sectors for delivering tolled bridge and highway projects.
This document discusses funding, financing, and implementing smart city projects. It provides an overview of challenges cities face, the evolution of smart city initiatives, and examples of smart city systems. It also covers stakeholders in smart city projects, financing tools and strategies for making projects bankable, data monetization opportunities, and combining different financing options based on project components and durations. The key challenges for cities are selecting the right financing tools and bringing together stakeholders and funding sources for complex, long-term smart city undertakings.
There is a huge need for infrastructure developments and service quality improvement at many airports markets, but public budgets are limited. PPPs can provide a solution when the resources of private and public partners are bundled where conventional privatizations are not possible. The uniqueness of each airport development requires always a tailored approach structuring a PPP.
PPPs with a fair allocation of risks and rewards provide a means to raise necessary funds and know-how on the basis of a realistic business case. Risk mitigation strategies have to be developed to protect the public and private partners, including e.g. re-definition of the airport value chain, tax advantages, direct subsidies, etc.
Financiang Infrastructural Development in ZimbabweVincent Mutsvene
There are 88,100 km of classified roads in Zimbabwe, 17,400 km of which are paved .About 5 percent of the network is classified as primary roads and has some of the most trafficked arterials that link Zimbabwe with its neighbors. A portion of the Pan-Africa Highway passes through Zimbabwe. This part of the road network plays a major role in the movement of the country’s imports and exports as well as transit freight.
However lately due to fiscal constraints and budgetary ills, the road network has rapidly deteriorated and can be described as in intensive care. There is need for rehabilitation, maintenance and construction of new roads especially the Beitbridge- Chirundu highway ( a transit corridor) linking South Africa and the upper parts of Africa. Road carnage have been prevalent and the busy road is narrow and can not contain the level of traffic flow operating there.
A developmental Imperative therefore presents itself on how to finance the road construction against compiling government developmental initiatives. A financing mechanism is therefore proposed in this presentation. This Innovative finance model ensure private capital investments funding development against government financing. This provides a breather to the government as they focus on other initiatives and the private sector wins through greater financial and social returns inherent in these financing structures.
ISMED Training: Assessing the PPP Option, presentation by IFCOECDGlobalRelations
This document discusses several public-private partnership projects related to river transport and ports. It begins with an overview of IFC's role in providing financing and advisory services to promote private sector development. It then discusses opportunities for private sector participation in Egypt's river transport sector to help address infrastructure needs. The document outlines the process for selecting PPP projects and preparing the necessary studies and contracts. It also provides examples of IFC's involvement in past port-related PPPs in various countries in the MENA region.
ISMED Training: PPP Fundamentals by Andrew Fitzpatrick, OECDOECDGlobalRelations
Presented at the Training Session on Public Private Partnerships organised by the MENA-OECD Investment Security in the Mediterranean (ISMED) Support Programme in September 2014.
Analytical comparision of BOT,BOOT and PPP modelsBhavin Sharma
This document provides an analytical comparison of different public-private partnership (PPP) models, including BOT, BOOT, and full privatization (FP). It discusses why PPPs are used for infrastructure projects, defines PPPs in India, and outlines the objectives and advantages of PPPs. It then describes the key characteristics and risk allocation of BOT, BOOT, and FP models. The document concludes by analytically comparing these three models and noting that BOT and BOOT models transfer more risk to the private sector but require a stable political and economic environment, while FP gives more control to the private sector.
The document discusses toll roads and provides information on various aspects of toll road projects. It defines toll roads as roads that can be used by vehicles upon payment of a toll fee. It notes the growth in vehicle numbers has led to increased use of toll roads to help fund road infrastructure projects. The document outlines key topics like the concept of toll roads, common project structures, activities involved in toll road projects, major risks, tolling aspects, and government support policies. It also briefly discusses newer developments in toll road projects.
Getting public-private partnerships going: good practices from the MENA regionOECDglobal
This document summarizes a presentation on public-private partnerships (PPPs) in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region. It provides examples of successful PPP projects in countries like Saudi Arabia, Bahrain, and the UAE. It also outlines some challenges to implementing PPPs in MENA countries, such as a lack of centralized PPP units and long-term planning. Key success factors for enhancing PPP delivery include developing viable bankable projects, establishing PPP laws and dedicated units, and educating decision-makers and the public. PPP laws from countries like Egypt and Kuwait that establish transparent procurement processes and define public and private sector risks are highlighted as international best practices.
Public-Private Partnerships - Business & Legal IssuesLou Milrad
This document discusses public-private partnerships (P3s) and provides an overview of their key aspects. It defines P3s as cooperative ventures between public and private sectors that allocate resources, risks, and rewards to best meet public needs. The document outlines various P3 models and their characteristics. It also addresses the advantages and challenges of P3s, how to allocate risks, examples of P3 experience in Canada and other countries, and generally positive public opinion of P3s.
This presentation by Elisabetta Iossa was made during a session on Competition in Public-Private Partnerships held at the 57th meeting of the Working Party 2 of the Competition Committee on 16 June 2014. Find out more at http://www.oecd.org/daf/competition/competition-public-private-partnerships.htm
Presented at the 4th Global Infrastructure Basel Summit 21 & 22 May 2014.
Read more about the world leading platform for Sustainable Infrastructure Finance at www.gib-foundation.org.
Next Summit: 27 & 28 May 2015 in Switzerland
This document discusses lessons learned from OECD countries' use of public-private partnerships (PPPs) for infrastructure investment. Key points include:
- PPPs are used to take advantage of private sector expertise, share risks, and introduce competitive pressures, but require higher transaction costs.
- Countries establish frameworks for deciding when PPPs are appropriate, conduct cost-benefit analyses, and account for fiscal implications.
- Contracts focus on output specifications, set minimum project values, allow international bidding, and specify risk allocation and quality standards.
- Risks like demand are borne by governments, while design and availability risks are borne by the private sector. Contracts establish conditions for review.
- Ensuring investment and
Public-private partnerships (PPPs) involve private entities participating in or supporting public infrastructure provision. Key characteristics include shared participants, resources, risks, and focus on long-term services. PPPs can occur at the project or policy level. Reasons for PPPs include budget deficits, aging infrastructure, efficiency gains, and introducing competition. Common PPP models include build-operate-transfer (BOT) where the private sector finances, builds, operates, then transfers ownership to the public sector. PPPs are suitable for transport, water, health, education, and other facilities if the right legal and political frameworks and private sector capacity exist. Benefits include risk allocation and value for taxpayers, while pitfalls include complexity and
The document discusses options for accelerating public-private partnership (PPP) procurement in emerging markets to deliver infrastructure projects faster while maintaining quality and value for money. It notes that the typical PPP project development cycle takes 2-3 years, posing a challenge given political pressures to deliver infrastructure quickly. Various acceleration options are presented, including standardized processes, pre-qualified consultants, model contracts, and annuity concession models that reduce revenue risk for private partners. The goal is to reduce timelines by 50% while increasing value and capacity through PPPs.
This document discusses road network development and management. It covers topics such as providing access through road networks, finding objective indicators to measure performance, improving existing road networks by reducing travel time delays, accidents, and vehicle operation costs. It also discusses generating income through road tolls and taxes to finance construction and maintenance costs. The main objectives for road authorities are to provide access, improve financial feasibility, expand networks to connect isolated areas, and reduce environmental impacts.
Public private partnerships (PPPs) combine the skills and resources of both the public and private sectors through sharing of risks and responsibilities. This enables governments to benefit from private sector expertise while focusing on policy, planning and regulation. For PPPs to be successful, a careful analysis of long-term objectives and risk allocation is essential, supported by an adequate legal framework that regulates outputs and services. Sample PPP agreements aim to clearly delineate risks and responsibilities informed by laws and best practices.
Public-Private Partnerships (PPP): Funding Infrastructure for GhanaA Hagan
The document discusses public-private partnerships (PPPs) for funding infrastructure projects in Ghana. It outlines the benefits of PPPs, including risk sharing between public and private sectors and leveraging private financing. It also discusses Ghana's economic sectors and priorities for infrastructure development in energy, environment, transportation and ICT. Key needs include increasing access to electricity, roads and expanding oil/gas production while ensuring sustainability. PPPs are presented as an approach to help meet Ghana's infrastructure investment needs.
A concession can be defined as a system through which a public authority grants specific rights to an organization (private or semi-public) to build, rehabilitate, maintain and operate an infrastructure for a given period. The BOT model (Build-Operate-Transfer) is a type of concession and should not be differentiated. Variations on the BOT include the BOOT (Build-Own-Operate-Transfer) and BOO (Build-Own-Operate). This brief addresses issues like the various concession mechanisms, the shadow toll principle and commercial & financial risks ppp’s involved in the transport sector. A section is also provided on emerging PPP telematics in transport sector.
Nj future redevelopment forum 2014 financing infrastructure mc monagleNew Jersey Future
This document from Ernst & Young provides an overview of public-private partnerships (P3s) and trends in the US P3 market. It notes that P3s can be an effective tool but are not suitable for all projects. The US P3 market is growing and includes availability payment models where payments are made based on meeting performance standards. While P3s transfer some risks to private partners, they require careful screening and structuring to ensure projects are viable and risks are appropriately allocated between public and private entities. Success requires credibility in both specific projects and the broader P3 program.
This presentation by Federico Antellini Russo was made during a session on Competition in Public-Private Partnerships held at the 57th meeting of the Working Party 2 of the Competition Committee on 16 June 2014. Find out more at http://www.oecd.org/daf/competition/competition-public-private-partnerships.htm
This document provides an introduction and overview of public-private partnerships (PPPs). It discusses popular PPP models including BOOT, DBFO, BLT, and BMT models. It outlines four main categories of risks in PPPs and how they are typically allocated between public and private sectors. Examples of PPP project sectors are also provided such as highways, airports, ports, power, hospitals, and more. The document concludes with a brief update on completed and ongoing PPP projects in the MENA region from 2010.
The World Bank's framework for assessing PIM systems - Anand Rajaram, World B...OECD Governance
The document summarizes a presentation on public investment management (PIM) systems given by Anand Rajaram of the World Bank. It discusses key questions around public investment and introduces a framework for assessing PIM systems. Examples are provided of advanced PIM systems in countries like the UK and emerging systems in countries like Vietnam and Sierra Leone. The document concludes that while calls for more public investment are growing, attention must also be paid to strengthening PIM institutions to ensure funds are well spent.
This ppt covers about public private partnerships in india and brics nations .The ppt covers in depth analysis of PPP in india and how ppp is done in brazil,russia,china,south africa .also laws and changes in fdi and rules for PP
Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS) use advanced technologies like wireless communications, computational technologies, and GPS to improve transportation efficiency, safety, and environmental impact. ITS applications provide real-time traffic and road condition information to drivers. This integrated approach collects information from vehicles and roadside sensors to optimize traffic flow, route guidance, and reduce accidents, congestion, and emissions. While ITS faces challenges in mixed traffic conditions and high costs, it can significantly reduce transportation problems if widely adopted with ongoing research and development.
The document discusses intelligent transportation systems (ITS) and their potential benefits for India. ITS uses information and communication technologies to improve transportation system efficiency and safety. Rapid economic growth and rising vehicle ownership in India are exacerbating issues like traffic congestion. ITS technologies like electronic toll collection, GPS, and transit information systems could help reduce congestion and travel times while improving the flow of traffic and traveler information. While ITS has benefits, there are also challenges to implementation like high costs and integration difficulties. Widespread adoption of ITS has the potential to boost economic development and quality of life in India by addressing transportation problems.
The document discusses toll roads and provides information on various aspects of toll road projects. It defines toll roads as roads that can be used by vehicles upon payment of a toll fee. It notes the growth in vehicle numbers has led to increased use of toll roads to help fund road infrastructure projects. The document outlines key topics like the concept of toll roads, common project structures, activities involved in toll road projects, major risks, tolling aspects, and government support policies. It also briefly discusses newer developments in toll road projects.
Getting public-private partnerships going: good practices from the MENA regionOECDglobal
This document summarizes a presentation on public-private partnerships (PPPs) in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region. It provides examples of successful PPP projects in countries like Saudi Arabia, Bahrain, and the UAE. It also outlines some challenges to implementing PPPs in MENA countries, such as a lack of centralized PPP units and long-term planning. Key success factors for enhancing PPP delivery include developing viable bankable projects, establishing PPP laws and dedicated units, and educating decision-makers and the public. PPP laws from countries like Egypt and Kuwait that establish transparent procurement processes and define public and private sector risks are highlighted as international best practices.
Public-Private Partnerships - Business & Legal IssuesLou Milrad
This document discusses public-private partnerships (P3s) and provides an overview of their key aspects. It defines P3s as cooperative ventures between public and private sectors that allocate resources, risks, and rewards to best meet public needs. The document outlines various P3 models and their characteristics. It also addresses the advantages and challenges of P3s, how to allocate risks, examples of P3 experience in Canada and other countries, and generally positive public opinion of P3s.
This presentation by Elisabetta Iossa was made during a session on Competition in Public-Private Partnerships held at the 57th meeting of the Working Party 2 of the Competition Committee on 16 June 2014. Find out more at http://www.oecd.org/daf/competition/competition-public-private-partnerships.htm
Presented at the 4th Global Infrastructure Basel Summit 21 & 22 May 2014.
Read more about the world leading platform for Sustainable Infrastructure Finance at www.gib-foundation.org.
Next Summit: 27 & 28 May 2015 in Switzerland
This document discusses lessons learned from OECD countries' use of public-private partnerships (PPPs) for infrastructure investment. Key points include:
- PPPs are used to take advantage of private sector expertise, share risks, and introduce competitive pressures, but require higher transaction costs.
- Countries establish frameworks for deciding when PPPs are appropriate, conduct cost-benefit analyses, and account for fiscal implications.
- Contracts focus on output specifications, set minimum project values, allow international bidding, and specify risk allocation and quality standards.
- Risks like demand are borne by governments, while design and availability risks are borne by the private sector. Contracts establish conditions for review.
- Ensuring investment and
Public-private partnerships (PPPs) involve private entities participating in or supporting public infrastructure provision. Key characteristics include shared participants, resources, risks, and focus on long-term services. PPPs can occur at the project or policy level. Reasons for PPPs include budget deficits, aging infrastructure, efficiency gains, and introducing competition. Common PPP models include build-operate-transfer (BOT) where the private sector finances, builds, operates, then transfers ownership to the public sector. PPPs are suitable for transport, water, health, education, and other facilities if the right legal and political frameworks and private sector capacity exist. Benefits include risk allocation and value for taxpayers, while pitfalls include complexity and
The document discusses options for accelerating public-private partnership (PPP) procurement in emerging markets to deliver infrastructure projects faster while maintaining quality and value for money. It notes that the typical PPP project development cycle takes 2-3 years, posing a challenge given political pressures to deliver infrastructure quickly. Various acceleration options are presented, including standardized processes, pre-qualified consultants, model contracts, and annuity concession models that reduce revenue risk for private partners. The goal is to reduce timelines by 50% while increasing value and capacity through PPPs.
This document discusses road network development and management. It covers topics such as providing access through road networks, finding objective indicators to measure performance, improving existing road networks by reducing travel time delays, accidents, and vehicle operation costs. It also discusses generating income through road tolls and taxes to finance construction and maintenance costs. The main objectives for road authorities are to provide access, improve financial feasibility, expand networks to connect isolated areas, and reduce environmental impacts.
Public private partnerships (PPPs) combine the skills and resources of both the public and private sectors through sharing of risks and responsibilities. This enables governments to benefit from private sector expertise while focusing on policy, planning and regulation. For PPPs to be successful, a careful analysis of long-term objectives and risk allocation is essential, supported by an adequate legal framework that regulates outputs and services. Sample PPP agreements aim to clearly delineate risks and responsibilities informed by laws and best practices.
Public-Private Partnerships (PPP): Funding Infrastructure for GhanaA Hagan
The document discusses public-private partnerships (PPPs) for funding infrastructure projects in Ghana. It outlines the benefits of PPPs, including risk sharing between public and private sectors and leveraging private financing. It also discusses Ghana's economic sectors and priorities for infrastructure development in energy, environment, transportation and ICT. Key needs include increasing access to electricity, roads and expanding oil/gas production while ensuring sustainability. PPPs are presented as an approach to help meet Ghana's infrastructure investment needs.
A concession can be defined as a system through which a public authority grants specific rights to an organization (private or semi-public) to build, rehabilitate, maintain and operate an infrastructure for a given period. The BOT model (Build-Operate-Transfer) is a type of concession and should not be differentiated. Variations on the BOT include the BOOT (Build-Own-Operate-Transfer) and BOO (Build-Own-Operate). This brief addresses issues like the various concession mechanisms, the shadow toll principle and commercial & financial risks ppp’s involved in the transport sector. A section is also provided on emerging PPP telematics in transport sector.
Nj future redevelopment forum 2014 financing infrastructure mc monagleNew Jersey Future
This document from Ernst & Young provides an overview of public-private partnerships (P3s) and trends in the US P3 market. It notes that P3s can be an effective tool but are not suitable for all projects. The US P3 market is growing and includes availability payment models where payments are made based on meeting performance standards. While P3s transfer some risks to private partners, they require careful screening and structuring to ensure projects are viable and risks are appropriately allocated between public and private entities. Success requires credibility in both specific projects and the broader P3 program.
This presentation by Federico Antellini Russo was made during a session on Competition in Public-Private Partnerships held at the 57th meeting of the Working Party 2 of the Competition Committee on 16 June 2014. Find out more at http://www.oecd.org/daf/competition/competition-public-private-partnerships.htm
This document provides an introduction and overview of public-private partnerships (PPPs). It discusses popular PPP models including BOOT, DBFO, BLT, and BMT models. It outlines four main categories of risks in PPPs and how they are typically allocated between public and private sectors. Examples of PPP project sectors are also provided such as highways, airports, ports, power, hospitals, and more. The document concludes with a brief update on completed and ongoing PPP projects in the MENA region from 2010.
The World Bank's framework for assessing PIM systems - Anand Rajaram, World B...OECD Governance
The document summarizes a presentation on public investment management (PIM) systems given by Anand Rajaram of the World Bank. It discusses key questions around public investment and introduces a framework for assessing PIM systems. Examples are provided of advanced PIM systems in countries like the UK and emerging systems in countries like Vietnam and Sierra Leone. The document concludes that while calls for more public investment are growing, attention must also be paid to strengthening PIM institutions to ensure funds are well spent.
This ppt covers about public private partnerships in india and brics nations .The ppt covers in depth analysis of PPP in india and how ppp is done in brazil,russia,china,south africa .also laws and changes in fdi and rules for PP
Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS) use advanced technologies like wireless communications, computational technologies, and GPS to improve transportation efficiency, safety, and environmental impact. ITS applications provide real-time traffic and road condition information to drivers. This integrated approach collects information from vehicles and roadside sensors to optimize traffic flow, route guidance, and reduce accidents, congestion, and emissions. While ITS faces challenges in mixed traffic conditions and high costs, it can significantly reduce transportation problems if widely adopted with ongoing research and development.
The document discusses intelligent transportation systems (ITS) and their potential benefits for India. ITS uses information and communication technologies to improve transportation system efficiency and safety. Rapid economic growth and rising vehicle ownership in India are exacerbating issues like traffic congestion. ITS technologies like electronic toll collection, GPS, and transit information systems could help reduce congestion and travel times while improving the flow of traffic and traveler information. While ITS has benefits, there are also challenges to implementation like high costs and integration difficulties. Widespread adoption of ITS has the potential to boost economic development and quality of life in India by addressing transportation problems.
Worldwide, traffic management technologies have been developed to address problems like travel delays, parking issues, and safety concerns. Solutions involve demand management through policies like carpooling as well as supply improvements like expanded public transit. Signaling systems now dynamically adjust based on real-time traffic data. Incident detection and driver information systems also help reduce congestion. London implemented a congestion charging zone using technology to monitor vehicles and charge fees, resulting in a 30% drop in traffic and faster, more reliable journeys.
INTELLIGENT TRANSPORTATION SYSTEM(ITS) PRESENTATION Mr. Lucky
It is a brief presentation on the topic of INTELLIGENT TRANSPORTATION SYSTEM(ITS). This is made by final year students of civil branch pursuing their B.tech. from Abdul Kalam Technical University.
In this presentation we try to include the basic methodologies and emerged technologies now a days in transportation system, and also the new concepts of blind turn safety and Spikes on roads at Traffic Signals.
Traffic Management And Information Control Centre (TMICC)WaseemAhmad186
The document discusses the objectives and components of a Traffic Management and Information Control Centre (TMICC) in India. The TMICC aims to manage traffic, enforce traffic rules, disseminate travel information to the public, and analyze traffic data. It contains central application software, hardware like video walls and servers, field equipment like traffic signals and CCTV cameras, and utilities like air conditioning. The benefits of a TMICC include improved traffic flow, time savings for commuters, reduced congestion, and lower emissions. Intelligent transportation systems can also be used for applications like electronic toll collection, traffic monitoring, and traveler information systems.
This document presents an overview of Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS) by Thakkar Jayshiv M. It discusses problems with current transportation systems like traffic congestion and accidents. ITS uses technologies like GPS, electronic toll collection, and vehicle sensors to provide real-time traffic information and improve safety. The presentation covers various ITS applications, benefits like reduced congestion and costs, and challenges including high equipment costs. It concludes that implementing ITS can help solve India's growing transportation problems.
This document provides an overview of Intelligent Transport Systems (ITS) including a brief history, applications, and examples of ITS implementations in India. Some key points:
- ITS apply information technologies like sensors and computers to improve transport network operations, acquiring data on traffic and using it to guide traffic, enhance safety, and reduce costs.
- Common ITS applications include traffic monitoring, traveler information systems, vehicle control systems, and public transport management.
- Early ITS development began in the 1960s with systems in the US and Europe, with many countries now implementing ITS technologies and applications.
- India has piloted various ITS such as automatic traffic control systems in major cities, travel
The document discusses intelligent transportation systems (ITS), which use advanced technologies like electronics, computers, communications, and sensors to provide travelers with important information and improve transportation safety and efficiency. It outlines several ITS technologies including wireless communications, vehicle detection methods, and applications such as electronic toll collection, variable message signs, automatic enforcement, collision avoidance systems, traveler information services, and emergency management. The benefits of ITS include time savings, improved safety, reduced costs and crashes, while the challenges include costs, mixed traffic difficulties, and maintenance expenses. Projected ITS infrastructure benefits from 2000-2020 include substantial savings in accidents, time, fuel, and operating costs.
Increasing traffic in major urban regions leads to congestion which challenges cities and urban regions in terms of mobility, pollution and safety. ITS is application of information and communications technology (ICT) to the transport sector in the interests of safer, more sustainable & more efficient movement of goods & people.
The integration of intelligent infrastructure and intelligent vehicles had gained wide acceptance yet understanding the various options without incurring unnecessary expenditure is core in ITS planning and implementation. The presentation explains various ITS portfolios, value chain and life-cycle management with focus on the appropriate level of integration.
Why it’s Needed?
Traffic congestion-insufficient road development-growing number of vehicles.
Low speed, increased accident rates, increased fuel consumption, and increased pollution.
Impossible to build enough new roads or to meet the demand.
These explore the concepts that treat highway systems and the vehicles that use them as integrated system. Among them is the concept of Intelligent Transportation Systems.
The goal of I T S is to improve the transportation system to make it more efficient and safer by use of information, communications and control technologies.
India is going through a period of drastic change in the transportation area due to:
Rapidly growing economy.
Insufficient and inadequate public transportation system.
Rising vehicle ownership levels.
ITS PARTS
I T S ARCHITECTURE
· Framework for planning, defining, and integrating intelligent transportation systems.
Benefits of Architecture
Reduces time and resources required to integrate the technologies to local needs
Helps identify agencies and jurisdictions & seeks their participation
COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS
Effective and efficient operation of transit systems relies on a communications infrastructure and vehicle-based communications technologies.
Communications systems are used to transmit voice and data between transit vehicles and operation centers, and to transmit commands between operators and technologies.
Transit communications systems are comprised mostly of wireless technologies and applications.
FLEET MANAGEMENT AND OPERATIONS
These includes separate technologies often are combined in various software packages, which allow for the integration of many different transit functions.
GIS allows transit agencies to accurately track where demand is located in their service area.
APPLICATIONS OF I T S
ELECTRONIC TOLL COLLECTION(E T C)
GLOBAL POSITIONING SYSTEM(G P S)
ADVANCED TRAVELLER INFORMATION SYSTEM(ATIS)
IN-VEHICLE TRANSIT INFORMATION SYSTEM
AUTOMATIC PASSENGER COUNTER
ADVANTAGES OF I T S
Improved safety
Better traffic flow
Lower travel cost
Better environmental quality
Increased business activity
Greater user acceptance
Better travel information
Better planning information
DISADVANTAGES OF I T S
Difficult to use in mixed traffic
Preliminary difficulties in understanding
ITS equipments costly
The control system software could be hacked by hackers
www.wikipedia.com
www.answers.com
www.howstuffworks.com
www.tech-faq.com
www.thetravelinsider.info
http://www.itsoverview.its.dot.
http://www.transport systems.com
http://www.mountain-plains.org
Importance of GIS and Remote Sensing in Modern Intelligent Transport SystemKam Raju
Technology has been driving the developments in the realm of transportation from the times of industrial revolution to the present day digital revolution
Road traffic congestion is a recurring problem worldwide.
In India, a fast growing economy, the problem is acutely felt in almost all major cities.
The document discusses intelligent transportation systems (ITS). It begins with an introduction to ITS and its benefits, including improved safety, efficiency, and traveler information. It then outlines various ITS technologies like wireless communications, sensors, and video detection. Applications are explored such as electronic tolling, traveler information, and emergency management. The document concludes that ITS applies advanced technologies to improve transportation infrastructure and vehicles.
This document discusses Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS) and how they aim to enhance transportation efficiency and safety. ITS uses sensors, communication technologies, and traffic control to gather data on traffic volume, vehicle classification, speed, delays, and more. This data is then used to manage traffic flow and provide travelers with real-time transportation information. Floating car data is also discussed, which uses GPS or mobile phones in vehicles to anonymously collect location and speed data to monitor traffic conditions across road networks. The goals of ITS include improving safety, reducing congestion, providing travel/transit information to the public, saving costs, and lowering environmental impacts.
The document discusses Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS). ITS uses advanced technologies like electronics, computers, communications and sensors to improve transportation safety and efficiency. It describes several ITS technologies like wireless communications, computational technologies, and sensing technologies. It also discusses ITS applications such as electronic toll collection, emergency notification, congestion pricing, automatic enforcement, collision avoidance and traveler information. Finally, it outlines benefits of ITS such as time savings, improved safety, reduced costs and emissions.
The document provides a summary of the final report of the Connected Cruise Control project. The project aimed to develop a system that provides drivers with tactical driving advice based on integrating in-vehicle systems with roadside traffic data. The project addressed questions related to the system architecture, data fusion within vehicles, the impact on traffic flow, functionalities of speed/headway/lane advice, and human-machine interface design. The project resulted in a demonstration system, models for estimating traffic flow, and HMI recommendations. The system architecture is designed to be open, interoperable and flexible to integrate current and future components.
Investgation of Intelligent Transportation TechnologiesMuhammed Affan
ITS uses information and communication technologies to improve transportation systems. It integrates technologies like sensors, wireless communication, and microchips into vehicles and infrastructure to make them intelligent. This allows different elements to communicate and improve safety, mobility, and environmental performance. The primary goals of ITS are to reduce congestion and accidents while increasing efficiency and sustainability. It has applications like electronic tolling, traveler information, and traffic management that provide benefits like time savings, lower emissions, and increased satisfaction.
This document provides an overview of Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS). It discusses the necessity of ITS in India due to rapid economic growth and increasing traffic. The main components of ITS include transportation infrastructure, vehicles, and traffic management. ITS aims to provide innovative services to different modes of transportation. Some applications of ITS mentioned are electronic toll collection, GPS, advanced traveler information systems, and automatic passenger counters. While ITS can improve safety, traffic flow and reduce costs and pollution, challenges include high equipment costs and potential hacking of control systems.
Traffic demand management aims to reduce single-occupancy vehicle travel and redistribute travel demand. Managing traffic demand at junctions is important to reduce accidents, pollution, wasted time and money, and improve public transportation options. Several methods can be used for traffic demand management at junctions, including traffic surveys, educating the public, enforcing traffic laws, improving junction infrastructure with signs, flyovers, traffic lights, and pedestrian crossings, implementing bicycle infrastructure, congestion pricing, active traffic management, and integrated demand management. Case studies demonstrate how these strategies can be applied using existing traffic control systems.
Contractor’s ability to mitigate damages can be limited if coupled with uncertainty of the duration of the delay. HOOH is recoverable in certain prolonged delay situations and has been granted by courts and amicable settlements for more than half a century. The Contractor may recover the return that he would have achieved on other work had his resources not been detained on the Works due to the delay. The presentation highlights the different formulae used in the calculations and conditions precedent to do so.
Many countries are embarking to rehabilitate its aging sewer & water network where sewer infiltration and water loss can reach 50%. The presentation highlights the strategies to tender and implement efficient rehabilitation program with a preview of trenchless technologies in rehabilitation while highlighting the technical and contractual challenges.
The document discusses various trenchless technologies for installing new underground pipes including horizontal directional drilling (HDD), microtunneling, pipe jacking, pipe ramming, and perforator/auger boring. It provides details on each method, including their typical application ranges, suitable soil conditions, and the basic process involved. Microtunneling is described as using a remotely controlled tunnel boring machine and pipe jacking to provide continuous support to the excavation face. Key components of a basic microtunneling system are also outlined.
Renewable Energy comes from sources that do not deplete over years such as sun, wind, oceans and plants. There are numerous ways to convert primary energy forms into consumable forms of energy including heat and electricity; however, due to the intermittent nature of many renewable sources, the issue of storing electricity is of particular importance. Further its worth to note renewable energy technologies do NOT necessarily compete with each other purely based on price. It depends on geographic location, availability of space, capital costs, operational costs, and environmental concerns.
The housing crisis continues to worsen as cities are increasingly falling behind in building housing solutions. As Cities become denser, bringing the modules in by crane and dropping them atop the podium may be sometimes the only solution.
With the right use of Modular technology the gap between aesthetics and affordability can be closed.
A bridge is the key element in a transportation system; it controls both the volume and weight of the traffic. Balance must be achieved between handling future traffic volume and loads and the cost of heavier and wider bridge structure. Economic Analysis and comparisons against competing alternatives is required as Bridges are the most expensive part of a road transportation network. Monetized & Non-Monetized Benefits that will accrue like time savings to road users, benefits to business activities (and to the economy in general) and salvage value benefits like Right-of-Way and substructure use need to be assessed as well.
The document discusses facility management best practices. It covers topics such as defining facility management, planning facilities, designing workplaces, delivering FM services, building operations and maintenance, measuring performance, technology, evolving markets, and the prospects of the FM industry. Facility management aims to integrate support services to enhance organizational performance. Effective FM requires understanding how work environments impact productivity and enabling flexible, efficient operations.
Railways are undergoing major industry changes with management and business planning at the forefront that encompasses operational, customer and intermodal competition issues with innovative technologies removing earlier barriers. The presentation highlights trends in engineering, operations, stations design, passengers’ expectations and ticketing & collection while touching on issues like network capacity, demand forecasting & fare policies.
World Bank estimated, in 2025 the production of municipal solid waste will be 2.2 billion tones worldwide. With this amount, we are more and more polluting our own environment. Seven to eight percent of the total greenhouse gas emissions arise from continued landfilling. EfW (WtE) does not only decrease the volume of waste, it also protects natural resources like land and water. There is no additional need for landfills, where leakage can occur and pollute our tap water. It also protects air and climate because the regulations by law for EfW are more stringent than for coal fired power plants or any other industry. EfW plants decrease the greenhouse gases which come from landfill.
Constructions projects have become of increasing technological complexity with relationships of those involved are also more complex and contractually varied. Additionally global trends are dramatically impacting contracting activity. Success depends on new and innovative ways to manage uncertainty and complexity.
This document provides a summary of Loay Ghazaleh's career experience and qualifications. It includes:
- Over 25 years of experience in technical, legal, financial, and general management roles related to public-private partnerships (PPPs), project finance, infrastructure, and construction in several countries in the Middle East, Asia, Europe, and South America.
- An MBA in finance from the University of Arizona and a bachelor's degree in civil engineering from the same university.
- Current role as an Undersecretary Advisor on major infrastructure and PPP projects at the Ministry of Works in Bahrain since 2010, where responsibilities include strategy formation, governance, auditing, and advising on mega projects
Warming is believed to be caused by increasing concentrations of greenhouse gases produced by human activities such as the burning of fossil fuels and deforestation. The effects of an increase in global temperature include a rise in sea levels and a change in the amount and pattern of precipitation, as well a probable expansion of subtropical deserts.
With the façade embodying up to 35% of the construction costs as well as being hugely accountable for the buildings' response to climate change, it has never been so important to understand which façade solutions deliver not only a cost effective and sustainable façade, but also one that is aesthetically pleasing and technically performing.
The document provides an overview of changes to FIDIC contracts, specifically the 2017 editions of the Yellow, Silver, and Red Books (the "Rainbow Suite"). Key changes include an increased emphasis on dispute avoidance through enhanced project management procedures and the establishment of standing Dispute Avoidance/Adjudication Boards. The role of the Engineer is revised to act neutrally rather than for the Employer. Additional changes aim to improve processes for extensions of time, variations, payments, and claims handling.
The high rates of non-communicable diseases combined with large expatriate populations leads GCC countries to use different strategies to control healthcare expenditure among which is the PPP solution. This presentation highlights the formula for PPP success based on international cases.
Methodology of economic corridors modelling is examined to assess the economic impact of corridor investments so that policy makers and stakeholders can purse measurable outcomes can assess progress and outcomes of investments.
Climate-responsive (passive) design is key to green buildings design and is based on the way a building moderates the climate for human good and well-being. Solar energy and wind energy can be effectively combined with climate-responsive design to produce electrical power by photovoltaic (PV) and wind turbines (WT). Today, urbanization and the increasingly dense populations of the world’s largest cities are pushing architects to reach for new heights in sustainable building skyscraper designs. But, there are a few green buildings in this world that capture the eye. This presentation provides a preview of Modern “eco-scrapers” that are bridging the gap between breathtaking building design and clean technological ingenuity .
The Middle East has allocated nearly $250bn to various railway projects over the next 10 years with ambitious plan to build around 67,000km of railway tracks throughout the region. The region has the opportunity to build the world’s most advanced passenger and freight transport systems. The presentation touches on all aspects of railway development and strategies in the region including different Public private Partnership (PPP) models and financing / funding advice to better develop rail projects as a sustainable means of transport.
Starting with MENA Infrastructure market highlights, a concise yet detailed review of MENA projects provided in areas of rail, renewable solar and wind affordable housing and PPP projects in various sectors. The presentation provides open opportunity for Investors, Contractors and Engineering Consultancy Firms to participate in MENA / GCC infrastructure projects.
The renewable energy sector offers enormous potential in terms of growth perspectives, jobs and domestic value creation, yet policies and legal frameworks, financial risk instruments and are still lagging behind. The MENA region offers high potential for Solar Energy that could supply up to 45% of the world’s clean energy with MENA solar investments expected to reach one USD trillion over the next decade. This presentation highlights market driven approaches towards investments frameworks in clean energy.
Electric vehicle and photovoltaic advanced roles in enhancing the financial p...IJECEIAES
Climate change's impact on the planet forced the United Nations and governments to promote green energies and electric transportation. The deployments of photovoltaic (PV) and electric vehicle (EV) systems gained stronger momentum due to their numerous advantages over fossil fuel types. The advantages go beyond sustainability to reach financial support and stability. The work in this paper introduces the hybrid system between PV and EV to support industrial and commercial plants. This paper covers the theoretical framework of the proposed hybrid system including the required equation to complete the cost analysis when PV and EV are present. In addition, the proposed design diagram which sets the priorities and requirements of the system is presented. The proposed approach allows setup to advance their power stability, especially during power outages. The presented information supports researchers and plant owners to complete the necessary analysis while promoting the deployment of clean energy. The result of a case study that represents a dairy milk farmer supports the theoretical works and highlights its advanced benefits to existing plants. The short return on investment of the proposed approach supports the paper's novelty approach for the sustainable electrical system. In addition, the proposed system allows for an isolated power setup without the need for a transmission line which enhances the safety of the electrical network
Harnessing WebAssembly for Real-time Stateless Streaming PipelinesChristina Lin
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A SYSTEMATIC RISK ASSESSMENT APPROACH FOR SECURING THE SMART IRRIGATION SYSTEMSIJNSA Journal
The smart irrigation system represents an innovative approach to optimize water usage in agricultural and landscaping practices. The integration of cutting-edge technologies, including sensors, actuators, and data analysis, empowers this system to provide accurate monitoring and control of irrigation processes by leveraging real-time environmental conditions. The main objective of a smart irrigation system is to optimize water efficiency, minimize expenses, and foster the adoption of sustainable water management methods. This paper conducts a systematic risk assessment by exploring the key components/assets and their functionalities in the smart irrigation system. The crucial role of sensors in gathering data on soil moisture, weather patterns, and plant well-being is emphasized in this system. These sensors enable intelligent decision-making in irrigation scheduling and water distribution, leading to enhanced water efficiency and sustainable water management practices. Actuators enable automated control of irrigation devices, ensuring precise and targeted water delivery to plants. Additionally, the paper addresses the potential threat and vulnerabilities associated with smart irrigation systems. It discusses limitations of the system, such as power constraints and computational capabilities, and calculates the potential security risks. The paper suggests possible risk treatment methods for effective secure system operation. In conclusion, the paper emphasizes the significant benefits of implementing smart irrigation systems, including improved water conservation, increased crop yield, and reduced environmental impact. Additionally, based on the security analysis conducted, the paper recommends the implementation of countermeasures and security approaches to address vulnerabilities and ensure the integrity and reliability of the system. By incorporating these measures, smart irrigation technology can revolutionize water management practices in agriculture, promoting sustainability, resource efficiency, and safeguarding against potential security threats.
Introduction- e - waste – definition - sources of e-waste– hazardous substances in e-waste - effects of e-waste on environment and human health- need for e-waste management– e-waste handling rules - waste minimization techniques for managing e-waste – recycling of e-waste - disposal treatment methods of e- waste – mechanism of extraction of precious metal from leaching solution-global Scenario of E-waste – E-waste in India- case studies.
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### How TDM Works
1. **Time Slots Allocation**: The core principle of TDM is to assign distinct time slots to each signal. During each time slot, the respective signal is transmitted, and then the process repeats cyclically. For example, if there are four signals to be transmitted, the TDM cycle will divide time into four slots, each assigned to one signal.
2. **Synchronization**: Synchronization is crucial in TDM systems to ensure that the signals are correctly aligned with their respective time slots. Both the transmitter and receiver must be synchronized to avoid any overlap or loss of data. This synchronization is typically maintained by a clock signal that ensures time slots are accurately aligned.
3. **Frame Structure**: TDM data is organized into frames, where each frame consists of a set of time slots. Each frame is repeated at regular intervals, ensuring continuous transmission of data streams. The frame structure helps in managing the data streams and maintaining the synchronization between the transmitter and receiver.
4. **Multiplexer and Demultiplexer**: At the transmitting end, a multiplexer combines multiple input signals into a single composite signal by assigning each signal to a specific time slot. At the receiving end, a demultiplexer separates the composite signal back into individual signals based on their respective time slots.
### Types of TDM
1. **Synchronous TDM**: In synchronous TDM, time slots are pre-assigned to each signal, regardless of whether the signal has data to transmit or not. This can lead to inefficiencies if some time slots remain empty due to the absence of data.
2. **Asynchronous TDM (or Statistical TDM)**: Asynchronous TDM addresses the inefficiencies of synchronous TDM by allocating time slots dynamically based on the presence of data. Time slots are assigned only when there is data to transmit, which optimizes the use of the communication channel.
### Applications of TDM
- **Telecommunications**: TDM is extensively used in telecommunication systems, such as in T1 and E1 lines, where multiple telephone calls are transmitted over a single line by assigning each call to a specific time slot.
- **Digital Audio and Video Broadcasting**: TDM is used in broadcasting systems to transmit multiple audio or video streams over a single channel, ensuring efficient use of bandwidth.
- **Computer Networks**: TDM is used in network protocols and systems to manage the transmission of data from multiple sources over a single network medium.
### Advantages of TDM
- **Efficient Use of Bandwidth**: TDM all
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A review on techniques and modelling methodologies used for checking electrom...
ITS in Bahrain
1. ITS in
Bahrain
ITS is at the
forefront of
Bahrain
Road
network
Development
strategy
1
2. Intelligent Information Systems (ITS)
2
Cities’ and urban regions are faced with challenges to Improve
Mobility, Reduce Pollution and Increase Safety ,; All within Tight
Budgets.
ITS allows support travelers of all classes and to assist in road
network management and performance by using systems for
information, communication, and control, to provide improved safety
and an enhanced traveling experience.
3. Contents
ITS Scope & Management
Why ITS in Bahrain (Traffic Overview)
Bahrain ITS Developments
Conclusion & Takeaways
3
5. In the US, average delay of passengers increased by 50% over the last ten
years
In European Union, road traffic accounts for one fifth of the total CO2
emissions.
Worldwide, 1.2 million people killed and 50 million injured every year
(over 3,000 deaths a day)
In Bahrain, Personal income loss with congestion delays amounts to BD
21.7M per annum for all 19 major routes **
Also in Bahrain, The trend of Number of Fatal & Serious Accidents are off the
Desired. At the end of 2014 the Desired Reduction was -24% but the actual
was +11.5%! (Desired 411 accidents, Actual 601)
Examples On the Need For ITS
** Source MOW = Peak Hour Traffic Volume [X] Congestion Loss Time (in Hours) per vehicle [X] 2.5 BD
Hour [X] Number of Peak Hours per day [X] 225 working days per annum / 60
6. ITS
Deployment
Areas
Road Safety
Traffic
Management
Traveller
Information
Freight and
logistics
Public Transport
“The application of information and
communications technology (ICT) to the
transport sector in the interests of safer, more
sustainable & more efficient movement of goods
& people”.
“The integration of information and
communications technology with transport
infrastructure, vehicles and users”
“IITS = Intelligent Infrastructure + Intelligent
Vehicles + (People) ”
6
ITS is about Delivering Outcomes,
not Implementing Technologies
Intelligent Transport Systems (ITS)
Most Common Definitions
7. Data collection for
traffic management
Wireless networks
Systems &
Applications (e.g.
travel time, air
quality, etc.)
Congestion charging
Electronic Toll
charging
7
Features of
Intelligent
Infrastructure
Enhance Safety
Reduce Traffic Accidents
Smoother Traffic
Lower Congestion
Reliable Journey Times
Accurate Travel Information
Improved Customer Satisfaction
Informed Public
Typical Strategic National ITS
Programs Objectives
8. Why Safety:
Provides consistent
level of quality
Reflective of cost-
effectiveness
Protection from
legal claims
Traffic
Information
has to be:
Immediately
available
Universally
understood
Triggers intuitive
reaction
8
Automatic Incident Detection
Travel data dynamic message signs
Variable speed limits
Fog warning and dust storm warning
Lane use management
Automatic enforcement /police dispatch
systems
Real-time warning
Spot speed enforcement
Average speed enforcement
Navigation systems
Parking guidance
Connected Vehicles technologies
Emergency vehicle priority systems
Animal and pedestrian presence detectors
Examples of ITS Tools Employed to
Improve Safety
ITS & Safety
9. Factors Causing
Crashes:
Drivers
Vehicles
Roadway condition
Environment
Accident Causes:
Poor visibility
High traffic volume
Inappropriate speed
Missing attention
Missing information
Speed reduction is an
indicator for drivers:
Risk awareness
Increased attention
Adaption to traffic flow
Safety Goals Adopted ITS Strategy
Reduce
Emergency
Response Time
Signal prioritization systems for
emergency vehicles
Improve Speed
Limit
Compliance
Speed warning systems using detectors
and electronic warning signs on
approach to curves on highways
Reduce
Accidents
Deployment of “Warning Signs - VMS”
and speed cameras
Reduce
Secondary
Crashes
Eliminate crashes within coverage area
as well as employing response routing
system (Traffic Diversion)
Reduce Incident
Duration
Coordinated Highway Action Response
(Clearing of Accident Areas)
9
Safety Goals & ITS Strategies
10. ITS Stage Implementation in GCC
ConstructNetwork
Expand
network
Signaling
OptimizeNetwork
Add
Control
Rooms
Operation
Control
Systems
IncreasePublicOffering
Invest in
mass
transit
(incl. Bus
Rapid
Transit)
Passenger
Comfort
Systems
ManagePrivateDemand
Traffic
Charging
systems
Dynamic
Pricing
(off peak
versus
peak
pricing)
QatarBahrain UAE
10
Typical ITS
Sub Programs
Public Transport
Program (e.g. Fleet
Management
Systems)
National
Transportation
Management
Centers (e.g. IT
Connected Vehicle
Program)
Smart Zones
Programs (e.g.
Integrated Toll
Payment
Mechanism)
Roadway Incident
Management (e.g.
ITS Parking
Management
Program)
11. Roles of ITS Contact Centers;
Solve / reduce customer inconvenience as a result of the
implementation of ITS initiatives.
Demonstrate empathy and reduce customer, fear,
distress, irritation or anger.
Increase accessibility to useful , responsive and dynamic
traffic service / travel information.
Communicate route and diversion planning.
Reduce traffic congestion by communicating relevant
initiatives.
Reasons Customers Contact ITS Centers;
To make complaints about;
Traffic and travel impacts
Project construction travel delays
Environmental impacts
To make a payment of fines and license renewals
To request help in an emergency.
To provide / request general information.
11
ITS Contact
centers are
key to
success full
ITS
initiatives.
ITS Contact Centers
Citizens may not
empathize with
Country’s long term
ITS vision if they
are experiencing
inconvenience.
12. 12
ITS is Implemented in a step-by-step
process
ITS National Master Plan is needed to prioritize
implementation of ITS to meet stated objectives.
Adoption of ITS standards to ensure systems
inter-operability (systems compatibility).
Engaging all stakeholders to agree on respective
roles.
Managing the supply chain of business partners
/ products providers.
Developing ITS procurement capability based on
product fit for purpose, best technology and life
cycle costs.
Maintaining future operational needs of the
whole transport network.
Standards for IT
Connected vehicles
Integration Across
ITS Systems
Inter-operability
Across ITS Systems
Smart Cities
(Linking to wider
social objective)
Social Media as
Means to Change
Traffic Behavior
Potential of
Smartphones for
ITS Data Collection
ITS for Older
Demographic
Current ITS
Implementation
Issues
ITS Implementation Roadmap
14. Tendering ITS –
(Typical RFP
Technology
Packages)
Software systems
Detection
technologies
Information
provision
technologies
Parking and access
control systems
Traffic signals
Payment systems
Security and safety
systems
Telecommunications
technology
IT Connected vehicle
program
14
ITS Life Cycles Cost Categories
Research Cost of up-front evaluation study
Cost of up-front proof of concept
Acquisition Cost of Software
Cost of Customization for business needs
Cost of Integration (to current platform)
Integration Cost of Migration (to current platform)
Cost of Training
Cost of Process and Best Practice change
Usage Cost of Support services – in house
Cost of Support services – contracted
Cost of Maintenance and Upgrades
Software scaling (user / transactions)
Retirement Hardware and software exit costs
Exit costs (system change, re-training)
ITS costs incurred in Bahrain ITS program
15. 15
The General Directorate of Traffic accounted
for 500,000 cars by the end of 2015
compared to 220,000 cars in 2002, a growth
rate of about 10% per annum, which
confirms that it will exceed the ceiling of 550
thousand cars by the end of 2016.
The volume of traffic inside and outside the
capital Manama reaches more than 800,000
vehicles a day
With ITS (Scott System) it was possible to
reduce the waiting time by 20% on King
Faisal Avenue and Government Avenue and
the intersection of the Al Fartha Avenue and
Salmaniya Interchange.
Needs for ITS
Bahrain
Congestions
Examples
16. Vehicle Registration Versus Population
Growth in Bahrain
Average of 1 car for every two persons, 2000 cars registered every month
17. Congestion Index
Index-
2013
Rank
Route-7 Janabiya Highway/Wali Al Ahed Highway 3.52 19
Route-16 Ave-13/Ave23, Tubli 3.46 18
Route-15 Kuwait Avenue 2.84 17
Route-8 Khalifa Al Kabeer Highway 2.78 16
Route-11 Palace Avenue-Salmaniya Ave- Highway 35 2.77 15
Route-12 Sh. Zayed Highway/16th December Highway 2.56 14
Route-6 Budaiyah Highway 2.5 13
Route-9 Inner Manama Loop (Isa Al Kabeer Avenue) 2.32 12
Route-5 Sh. Salman Highway 2.32 11
Route-14 Aradous Highway 2.29 10
Route-18 Muharraq Ave/ Um Al Nassan Ave 2.19 9
Route-17 Amman Ave/Ave-77 2.18 8
Route-13 Dry Dock Highway 2.16 7
Route-4 Al Estiglal Highway 1.71 6
Route-1 King Faisal Highway/ Sh. Khalifa Bin Salman 1.65 5
Route-10 Zallaq Highway/Al Muaskar Highway 1.61 4
Route-3 Al Fateh Highway/SJAS Highway 1.46 3
Route-2 Sh. Isa Bin Salman Highway 1.46 2
Route-19 Sh. Hamad Avenue 1.09 1
17
Most Congested To Least Congested Roads in Bahrain
Congestion Index is
the ratio of travel
times in peak hour
and off-peak hour
18. 18
2013 - Traffic Volume / Day On Major Routes
These are Average
Daily Traffic , Not
Peak / Off Peak
Traffic
Route Name
Traffic /
day
Route-1 King Faisal Highway/ Sh. Khalifa Bin Salman 138,953
Route-2 Sh. Isa Bin Salman Highway 99,160
Route-3 Al Fateh Highway/SJAS Highway 83,662
Route-4 Al Estiglal Highway 71,210
Route-5 Sh. Salman Highway 73,682
Route-6 Budaiyah Highway 56,446
Route-7 Janabiya Highway/Wali Al Ahed Highway 43,020
Route-8 Khalifa Al Kabeer Highway 64,326
Route-9 Inner Manama Loop (Isa Al Kabeer Avenue) 37,058
Route-10 Zallaq Highway/Al Muaskar Highway 44,635
Route-11 Palace Avenue-Salmaniya Ave- Highway 35 50,340
Route-12 Sh. Zayed Highway/16th December Highway 39,836
Route-13 Dry Dock Highway 61,082
Route-14 Aradous Highway 18,456
Route-15 Kuwait Avenue 54,076
Route-16 Ave-13/Ave23, Tubli 55,275
Route-17 Amman Ave/Ave-77
Route-18 Muharraq Ave/ Um Al Nassan Ave 41,398
Route-19 Sh. Hamad Avenue 29,944
19. Bahrain
Average
Traffic Flow
on the
Strategic Road
Network
Average growth
in traffic is 3%
per annum on
major roads
corridors.
Average growth
in registered
vehicles amounts
to 8%
19
Note: Volume Traffic Data For years 2013 on wards grew consistently at 3%
58231
60371 59561
64057 65978
67957
69995
0
10000
20000
30000
40000
50000
60000
70000
80000
2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015
Average Daily Traffic Flow
Pattern along All Routes
20. Bahrain
Congestion
Index (2.4)
Compared
Worldwide
for 2012-13
Average Congested
Time in Peak
Hours- 9.85Min
(~10Min) per
vehicle
Wage loss with
Congestion delays
for road users
amounts to near
BD 187,500 per
day (or BD 42M
per annum)
0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
Paris
Moscow
Bahrain
London
Vienna
Stockholm
Sydney
Berlin
Copenhagen
Dublin
Istanbul
Vancouver
LosAngeles
SanFransisco
Toronto
NewYork
Johannesburg
1.36
1.65
2.4
1.29 1.27
1.36 1.35 1.28 1.21 1.25
1.57
1.36 1.35 1.32 1.27 1.26 1.31
Source: http://www.tomtom.com/en_gb/trafficindex/
20
Congestion Index is the ratio of travel times in
peak hour and off-peak hour
21. Bahrain
Targeted
Speed Compare
d to Current
Speed
on Strategic
Road Network
The goal is to
increase the trip
speed by 40% by
Q4 - 2015 through
the
implementation of
the mitigation
strategies of
congestion
The average speed
at rush hour is
targeted at 80% of
the speed limit on
roads corridors
21
7.5% increase in journey speeds from 40kph to
43kph (2009-2014) for the 10 key routes is
observed, i.e. average 1.5% increase per annum.
22. Bahrain
National Road
Safety Strategy
The trend of
Number of Fatal &
Serious Accidents
are still off from
the Desired
Bahrain National
Strategy target
At the end of 2014
the Desired
Reduction was -
24% but the actual
was +11.5%
22
Note: Accident data for year 2015 is not available
23. Number of
Fatalities per
100,000 People
(2013) – Bahrain
& Arab Countries
Fatality Rates of
Bahrain are lowest
compared to other
Arab Countries,
8.0 per 100,000
Population
Source: World Health Organization, Global Status Report On Road Safety 2015
23
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
8
12.8
20.2 20.8 21.5
22.6
23.8 24.3 24.4
26.3
Rate
Road Fatalities / 100,000 Population
( Arabian Countries )
24. Number of
Fatalities per
100,000 People
(2013) –
Worldwide
Comparison
As per World
Health
Organization
report data from
180 countries,
Bahrain ranks 44
for the lowest
fatalities per
100,000
population
Source: World Health Organization, Global Status Report On Road Safety 2015
24
0
5
10
15
20
25
2.8 3.4 3.6
4.3 4.7
8
8.7 9.1
10.6
15.3
16.6
23.4 24
Rate
Road Fatalities / 100,000 Population
( Global Countries )
25. Number of
Fatalities per
100,000 People
(2013) –
Bahrain & GCC
Fatality Rates of
Bahrain are lowest
compared to other
GCC Countries,
8.0 per 100,000
Population.
Source: World Health Organization, Global Status Report On Road Safety 2015
25
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
Bahrain United
Arab
Emirates
(UAE)
Qatar Kuwait Oman Saudi
Arabia
8
10.9
15.2
18.7
25.4
27.4
Rate
Road Fatalities / 100,000 Population
( GCC Countries )
27. 6 Arterial Roads
1. Sh.Khalifa Bin Salman Highway
2. Sh. Isa Bin Salman Highway
3. Al Fateh Highway/ Sitra
Causeway/ Sh. Jaber Al Ahmed Al
Sabah Highway
4. Estiglal Highway
10. Al Zallaq Highway/ Al Muaskar
Highway
13. Dry Dock Highway
7 Collector Roads
5. Shaikh Salman Highway
6. Budaiyah Highway
7. Janabiya Highway
8. Al Ghous Avenue/ Khalifa Al
Kabeer Ave/ Al Hidd Highway
12. Shaikh Zayed Highway
15. Kuwait Avenue
18. Muharraq Avenue/ Um Al
Nassan Avenue
6 Distributor Roads
9. Inner Manama Loop Road
11. Palace Avenue/ Salmaniya
Avenue
14.Aradous Highway/ Avenue-20
16.Avenue-13/ Avenue-23 in Tubli
19. Shaikh Hamad Avenue,
Hamad Town
27
Bahrain; 19 Key Road Corridors of 247km length
28. Bahrain
ITS
Program
ITS Program will be
implemented in three
stages
Total Cost & O&M for
5 years;
BD11.5Million (~USD
30Million)
Permanent Traffic
Control Center (TCC)
to be at Salmabad
(Temporary TCC at
MoW)
Bahrain ITS Program Goals;
Focus on real time traffic monitoring
and control using (CCTV Cameras,
Intelligent traffic signals, Speed Cameras,
Incident Detection Devices, Electronic
Variable Message Signs (VMS) etc.)
Provide Innovative Mobility Solutions
Establish Collaborative Partnerships
Develop and Adopt ITS Standards
Challenge ; Limited land space and
increasing population and increasing
travel demand.
Approach ; Utilizing public transport
systems and using technology to optimize
existing roads
29. Sh. Khalifa Bin
Salman Port
To KSA
Bahrain
International
Airport
Stage-2
SKBS South
Stage-3
King Hamad
Highway
Integrated TCC at Salmabad
Temporary TCC at MoW
Secondary (GDT)
Control Center @Isa
Town
Phase -1 shall focus
on:
Sh. Isa Bin Salman
H/way,
Al Fateh H/way
Sh. Salman H/way
Stage-1 ITS
30. Equipping 28 Kms of Sh.
Khalifa Bin Salman
Highway (between Al
Fateh Highway and
Bahrain International
Circuit ) with:
52 CCTV/ AID Cameras
39 VMS (variable
messaging signs)
30 sets of cameras
56 communication
cabinets
Potential to extend ITS
works by additional 8km
to connect to Bahrain
International Airport.
30
Sh. Khalifa Bin
Salman Port
To KSA
Bahrain
International
Airport
Stage-2
SKBS South
Stage-3
King Hamad
Highway
Integrated TCC at Salmabad
Temporary TCC at MoW
Secondary (GDT)
Control Center @Isa
Town
Stage-2 ITS
31. Equipping 20km of King
Hamad Highway
(between Alba
Roundabout & Durrat Al
Bahrain ) with;
30 CCTV/ AID
Cameras
30 VMS (variable
messaging signs)
30 Sets of cameras
25 Communication
cabinets
Potential to extend ITS
works by 10km to connect
with stage-1 network
(with Sh. Isa Bin Salman
(SIBS) Highway).
31
Stage-3 ITS
32. Current ITS
Developments
in Bahrain:
1- Developing existing
fiber optic
communication
systems
2- Developing Urban
Traffic Control
(SCOOT) Signals.
3- Introduce Traveller
Information
Systems
Expand Fibre
Optic
Communication
Network
Expand
Centrally
Controlled
Traffic Signals
Network
Introduce
Traveller
Information
Systems
32
33. 33
- Routes where
ducts for OFC are
available
- Routes where
ducts for OFC
available but need
checking
- Routes where
ducts for OFC are
proposed
- Routes where
ducts for OFC are
under
construction
- Sections where
the duct caps need
to be filled.
Bahrain’s Fibre
Optic Network1- Status of
Optic Fiber
Cable (OFC)
Ducts
The OFC network is
used for connecting
traffic signal
controllers & ITS
systems.
The Objective is to
expand existing OFC
communication
network in phases.
Mission is to connect
all traffic signal
controllers using OFC
for control &
monitoring.
34. 2- Centralized
Control of
Traffic Signals
Bahrain uses Split
Cycle Offset
Optimisation
Technique (SCOOT)
for centralised control
and monitoring of
signalised junctions.
34
Existing SCOOT Regions:
Manama Region – 13 junctions
Airport Avenue Region - 5 junctions
Salmaniya Region - 3 junctions
SCOOT Regions Being Developed:
Al Fateh Highway Region– 9 junctions
Palace Avenue Region– 4 junctions
Airport Avenue Region Salmaniya Region Manama Region
35. 3- Traveller
Information
System
Once the Variable
Message Sign (VMS)
project is successful,
Phase 1 expansion will
commence.
VMS will be programmed
remotely for:
Strategic diversion
messaging,
Incident and
congestion warning,
Traffic regulatory
sign display including
speed limit,
Directional messaging
etc.
35
Examples
36. 36
Conclusions & Takeaways
Traffic
Efficiency
•Reliability
•System Condition
•Operational
Efficiency
•Mobility
Safety
•Accidents
•Direct Impact
•In Direct Impact
Social
Inclusion &
Land Use
•Accessibility
•Special Groups
•Total Covered
Area
Pollution
Reduction
•Motor Vehicles
•Electric Vehicles