This ppt covers about public private partnerships in india and brics nations .The ppt covers in depth analysis of PPP in india and how ppp is done in brazil,russia,china,south africa .also laws and changes in fdi and rules for PP
Public private partnerships are becoming increasing important as governments harness the expertise and flexibility of the private sector to make investments they could not otherwise afford. The long-term nature of these partnerships makes them different from conventional procurements or privatisation. Both partners, government and private business, must learn new methods to maximize the value for investors and taxpayers.
This ppt was prepared for educational purpose, and to teach about PUBLIC PRIVATE PARTNERSHIP scheme and their models for using this scheme. Many projects now days are using this method with help of gov. parties or private parties. This methods helps in decreasing load on construction and infrastructure, and road development load from government, as they are not participating in finance of project but let the construction firm, construct the project and run by their names to recover their cost and profit for predetermined time period and on predetermined rate of recovery, either by tolling system or annuity system.
This presentation was delivered by S. Brian Samuel, PPP Coordinator, CDB at a High-Level PPP Workshop of the Caribbean Growth Forum on June 15, 2015 in Saint Lucia. For more information about PPPs in the Caribbean, visit www.caribank.org.
With the increase in public debt, 100% privately funded initiatives are now re-emerging yet experience had shown earlier that early successes of privatization programs were short lived and led later to bailouts / subsidy by Governments. PPP,s are likely to remain a better way to allocate the risks based on each entity’s ability to manage , mitigate and absorb risks. This brief highlights various aspects of PPP’s in terms of explaining the various PPP’s models and PPP’s transactions types, fiscal risks in PPP’s, PPP’s best practices and how to create an enabling PPP Environment. Major MENA PPP’s projects preview of is highlighted.
Public private partnerships are becoming increasing important as governments harness the expertise and flexibility of the private sector to make investments they could not otherwise afford. The long-term nature of these partnerships makes them different from conventional procurements or privatisation. Both partners, government and private business, must learn new methods to maximize the value for investors and taxpayers.
This ppt was prepared for educational purpose, and to teach about PUBLIC PRIVATE PARTNERSHIP scheme and their models for using this scheme. Many projects now days are using this method with help of gov. parties or private parties. This methods helps in decreasing load on construction and infrastructure, and road development load from government, as they are not participating in finance of project but let the construction firm, construct the project and run by their names to recover their cost and profit for predetermined time period and on predetermined rate of recovery, either by tolling system or annuity system.
This presentation was delivered by S. Brian Samuel, PPP Coordinator, CDB at a High-Level PPP Workshop of the Caribbean Growth Forum on June 15, 2015 in Saint Lucia. For more information about PPPs in the Caribbean, visit www.caribank.org.
With the increase in public debt, 100% privately funded initiatives are now re-emerging yet experience had shown earlier that early successes of privatization programs were short lived and led later to bailouts / subsidy by Governments. PPP,s are likely to remain a better way to allocate the risks based on each entity’s ability to manage , mitigate and absorb risks. This brief highlights various aspects of PPP’s in terms of explaining the various PPP’s models and PPP’s transactions types, fiscal risks in PPP’s, PPP’s best practices and how to create an enabling PPP Environment. Major MENA PPP’s projects preview of is highlighted.
Digital transformation in the construction industryJulien Gaidot
To cope with global urbanization, we need to build faster, cheaper and with a high quality. However, construction is one of the least digitized sector of the economy.
A public–private partnership (PPP) is a government service or private business venture which is funded and operated through a partnership of government and one or more private sector companies
The PPP projects are good as it do not put financial implications on union and states and creating better infrastructural facilities to the people
Panchayats have been the backbone of the Indian villages since the beginning of recorded history. Gandhiji, the father of the nation, in 1946 had aptly remarked that the Indian Independence must begin at the bottom and every village ought to be a Republic or Panchayat having powers. Gandhiji dream has been translated into reality with the introduction of the three-tier Panchayati Raj system to ensure people’s participation in rural reconstruction.
An integrated local area plan, based on specific needs of each area, was stressed upon from the beginning of plan development process in 1950s. However, despite several reports and studies, there were only sporadic efforts and isolated cases of such planning.
The passage of the Constitution (73rd Amendment) Act, 1992 marks a new era in the federal democratic set up of the country and provides constitutional status to the Panchayati Raj Institutions (PRIs). These PRIs are empowered to function as institutions of Self Government and to prepare plans for economic development and social justice and their empowerment. The PRIs constitute the bedrock for the implementation of most of Rural Development Programmes.
Panchayati Raj system of governance provides a 3-tier structure of local governance in which Gram Panchayats are the basic units of administration. The three-tiers include the following: Gram Panchayat, Block Panchayat, and District Panchayat. Panchayats are responsible for the preparation of plans for economic development and social justice; implementation of national schemes; and to levy and collect appropriate taxes, duties, tolls and fees.Govt. of India has elaborated a detailed picture of District Planning through their publication "Manual for Integrated District Planning". This manual will provide guidance in the task of preparing District Plans that are based on a long-term vision, reflect the needs of the people and provide a framework for convergence of programmes and resources so that implementation of the plan yields optimal outcomes and helps address regional imbalances, with a view of bringing all areas of the country into a twenty-first century vision of development.
“District Planning” is the process of preparing an integrated plan for the Local Government in a District taking into account the resources available and covering the sectoral activities and schemes assigned to the district level below and those implemented through local governments in the state.” It ensures better delivery of services and efficient use of resources
Public Private Partnership in Affordable HousingJIT KUMAR GUPTA
Presentation is an attempt to showcase the need and methods of promoting public sector involvement in the Housing to achieve the goal of housing for all by 2022
Digital transformation in the construction industryJulien Gaidot
To cope with global urbanization, we need to build faster, cheaper and with a high quality. However, construction is one of the least digitized sector of the economy.
A public–private partnership (PPP) is a government service or private business venture which is funded and operated through a partnership of government and one or more private sector companies
The PPP projects are good as it do not put financial implications on union and states and creating better infrastructural facilities to the people
Panchayats have been the backbone of the Indian villages since the beginning of recorded history. Gandhiji, the father of the nation, in 1946 had aptly remarked that the Indian Independence must begin at the bottom and every village ought to be a Republic or Panchayat having powers. Gandhiji dream has been translated into reality with the introduction of the three-tier Panchayati Raj system to ensure people’s participation in rural reconstruction.
An integrated local area plan, based on specific needs of each area, was stressed upon from the beginning of plan development process in 1950s. However, despite several reports and studies, there were only sporadic efforts and isolated cases of such planning.
The passage of the Constitution (73rd Amendment) Act, 1992 marks a new era in the federal democratic set up of the country and provides constitutional status to the Panchayati Raj Institutions (PRIs). These PRIs are empowered to function as institutions of Self Government and to prepare plans for economic development and social justice and their empowerment. The PRIs constitute the bedrock for the implementation of most of Rural Development Programmes.
Panchayati Raj system of governance provides a 3-tier structure of local governance in which Gram Panchayats are the basic units of administration. The three-tiers include the following: Gram Panchayat, Block Panchayat, and District Panchayat. Panchayats are responsible for the preparation of plans for economic development and social justice; implementation of national schemes; and to levy and collect appropriate taxes, duties, tolls and fees.Govt. of India has elaborated a detailed picture of District Planning through their publication "Manual for Integrated District Planning". This manual will provide guidance in the task of preparing District Plans that are based on a long-term vision, reflect the needs of the people and provide a framework for convergence of programmes and resources so that implementation of the plan yields optimal outcomes and helps address regional imbalances, with a view of bringing all areas of the country into a twenty-first century vision of development.
“District Planning” is the process of preparing an integrated plan for the Local Government in a District taking into account the resources available and covering the sectoral activities and schemes assigned to the district level below and those implemented through local governments in the state.” It ensures better delivery of services and efficient use of resources
Public Private Partnership in Affordable HousingJIT KUMAR GUPTA
Presentation is an attempt to showcase the need and methods of promoting public sector involvement in the Housing to achieve the goal of housing for all by 2022
Decoding Changes in the PPP Regulatory Regime.pdfAHRP Law Firm
Recently, the Minister of National Development Planning revoked the longstanding Minister of National Development Planning Regulation Number 4 of 2015 on the Mechanism for the Implementation of PPP Scheme for Infrastructure Procurement, as amended by Minister of National Development Planning Regulation Number 2 of 2020. This change stems from the issuance of Minister of National Development Planning Regulation Number 7 of 2023 on the Mechanism for the Implementation of PPP Scheme.
Notable changes include: (i) an amendment to the scope of infrastructure that could be procured through PPP; (ii) simplification of PPP stages; (iii) introduction of requirements for the conversion of PPP initiatives; (iv) simplification of the institutional aspect of PPP; and (v) the introduction of a small-scale PPP scheme
CII has been strongly advocating for an Action Agenda towards creating an enabling and integrated policy & regulatory framework, the impact of which could facilitate considerable investments in the Infrastructure sector thus taking India’s Infrastructure story forward.
This issue of Policy Watch takes an in-depth look at the sectoral issues and has outlined some specific recommendations to reinvigorate the growth momentum in the sector.
Study on Public-Private Partnerships with Reference to Indian Infrastructural...inventionjournals
International Journal of Business and Management Invention (IJBMI) is an international journal intended for professionals and researchers in all fields of Business and Management. IJBMI publishes research articles and reviews within the whole field Business and Management, new teaching methods, assessment, validation and the impact of new technologies and it will continue to provide information on the latest trends and developments in this ever-expanding subject. The publications of papers are selected through double peer reviewed to ensure originality, relevance, and readability. The articles published in our journal can be accessed online.
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The EPC market in India has evolved over the last few years with increased project size and complexity. This has increased private clients and entry of several foreign players.
International Journal of Business and Management Invention (IJBMI) is an international journal intended for professionals and researchers in all fields of Business and Management. IJBMI publishes research articles and reviews within the whole field Business and Management, new teaching methods, assessment, validation and the impact of new technologies and it will continue to provide information on the latest trends and developments in this ever-expanding subject. The publications of papers are selected through double peer reviewed to ensure originality, relevance, and readability. The articles published in our journal can be accessed online
A
Two-Way
Street
Public-private
partnership projects
can help emerging
economies fill
infrastructure gaps—
if governments
define a clear ROI.
BY SARAH FISTER GALE
ILLUSTRATION BY PETER AND MARIA HOEY
A
W M
f i m / /k
\ v $
11 M■■
■ jii Jia
nfrastructure projects help nations
build a better future. Emerging
economies need upgrades to roads,
railways, energy grids and broadband
networks in order to sustain
domestic growth. But these countries
face a particular conundrum: how
to build highways, power plants and
ports that will stimulate economic
development when public funds are
in short supply.
To make ends meet, many governments are
turning to public-private partnerships (PPPs). PPPs
allow the public sector to leverage private funding
and expertise to more rapidly plan, launch and
deliver infrastructure projects. In exchange, private-
sector partners are given long-term maintenance
and operation contracts that tu rn a profit.
“O n the face of it, PPPs are a great project model
to fill in the funding gaps these countries face,"
says Andy North, a former senior vice president of
strategic development and management in Kuala
Lumpur, Malaysia, for AECOM, a global design,
engineering and construction firm.
The global gaps are staggering. According to
McKinsey & Co., an estimated US$57 trillion will be
needed to finance infrastructure development around
the world through 2030, with much of that invest
ment needed in developing countries. Latin America
and the Caribbean, for example, will need more than
US$700 billion to double power-generation capac
ity by 2030, according to the U.S. Energy Informa
tion Administration. And sub-Saharan Africa needs
US$93 billion per year to address its infrastructure
shortfall, according to The World Bank.
Given these urgent needs, PPP projects hold
huge potential. But governments m ust clarify proj
ect roles, risks and ROI before private organizations
will be prepared to foot the bill.
A m o u n t t h a t w ill be nee d ed t o fin an c e
in fra s tru c tu re d e v e lo p m e n t aro u n d th e
w o r ld th r o u g h 2 0 3 0 , w it h m uch o f t h a t
in v e s tm e n t nee d ed in d e v e lo p in g c ou n trie s
Source: M c K fjS e y ifib o .
! trillionyear
A in o u n t s u b -S a h a ra n A fric a needs to
address its in fra s tru c tu re s h o rtfa ll
1 _ .Scarce TheWoild Bank : ,,V
"In a lot of cases, the private investors cannot
see how they will get the full cost recovery,” Mr.
North says.
PAVING THE WAY
To attract private-sector investments, governments
must paint a clear picture of what they bring to
the table. But this will be easier for some projects
than others. While energy and toll road initiatives
may offer a distinct ROI, projects to generate clean
drinking water or treat wastewater have less obvi
ous revenue streams once construction is complete.
Indeed, power projects are among the most
common types o ...
this ppt is made on transition of indian forex market from era of fera regulations to fema regulations .This ppt does not have updated data on various sector fdi .
International business ppt on cases studies on JV of godrej & p&g and allianc...Sagar Srivastava
This ppt is a case study of Joint ventures between Godrej and P&G and alliances in airlines industry .This ppt for international business subject of MMS.
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Bills have a main role in point of sale procedure. It will help to track sales, handling payments and giving receipts to customers. Bill splitting also has an important role in POS. For example, If some friends come together for dinner and if they want to divide the bill then it is possible by POS bill splitting. This slide will show how to split bills in odoo 17 POS.
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We all have good and bad thoughts from time to time and situation to situation. We are bombarded daily with spiraling thoughts(both negative and positive) creating all-consuming feel , making us difficult to manage with associated suffering. Good thoughts are like our Mob Signal (Positive thought) amidst noise(negative thought) in the atmosphere. Negative thoughts like noise outweigh positive thoughts. These thoughts often create unwanted confusion, trouble, stress and frustration in our mind as well as chaos in our physical world. Negative thoughts are also known as “distorted thinking”.
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Ethnobotany and Ethnopharmacology:
Ethnobotany in herbal drug evaluation,
Impact of Ethnobotany in traditional medicine,
New development in herbals,
Bio-prospecting tools for drug discovery,
Role of Ethnopharmacology in drug evaluation,
Reverse Pharmacology.
5. SECTORWISE PPP PROJECTS APPROVED BY
PPAC AND THEIR STATUS
SECTOR PROJECTS
APPROVED BY
PPAC
OF WHICH
AWARDED
IMPLEMENTATION STATUS
COMPLETED UNDER
IMPEMENTATION
No Cost
No
Cost No Cost No Cost
ROADS 232 255 158 163 18 10 140
(>85%)
153
PORTS 32 38 22 21 6 3 16 16
OTHERS 17 16 2 1 - - 2 1
TOTAL 281 309 182 185 24 13 158 170
*Source: Department of Economic Affairs/NITI
Since January 2006, PPPAC has approved 281 PPP projects in Central sector
involving investment of Rs.3.09 lakh crore. Out of these, 182 projects with an
investment of Rs.1.85 lakh crore have been awarded
(Cost in thousand crores)
6. STATE NO COST OF WHICH
ROAD PROJECTS OTHER PROJECTS
No Cost
(Rs in Crs)
No Cost
ANDHRA
PRADESH
4 14962 3 3148 1 11814
BIHAR 2 2420 2 2420 - -
HARYANA 1 383 - - 1 382
KARNATAKA 3 707 3 707 - -
MADHYA PRADESH 29 4468 20 3945 9 523
MAHARASHTRA 9 2334 9 2334 - -
ODISHA 1 1293 1 1293 - -
RAJASTHAN 3 1066 3 1066 - -
UTTARPRADESH 3 3285 3 3285 - -
TOTAL 55 30917 44 18198 11 12719
*Other projects include 8 food grain silo projects, 2 Transmission
projects and 1 Metro Rail project
7. PPP Eco-system in India
GoI has a progressive financial support system for PPP projects.
Some of the key initiatives include:
A. Setting up of India Infrastructure Finance Company Ltd. (IIFCL)
as quasi-equity.
B. VGF scheme (Viability Gap funding scheme)
The GoI is expected to undertake capacity building interventions to
develop organizational and individual capacities for the purpose of
identification, procurement and managing of PPPs.
The PPP Cell in the Department of Economic Affairs will have
professionals who provide technical support to the ministries and
other authorities developing PPPs
8. Why is urgent for India to get Infra
PPPs right?
India’s infrastructure is a key factor in
constraining rapid, competitive
economic growth and job creation and
thereby imposing huge costs on society
can India become rich before it
becomes old? In other words, will
India accumulate enough wealth to
afford a decent quality of life for its
young and its old in the decades
ahead?
Over the period 2013-30, India is
currently projected to have the world’s
largest need for infrastructure
investment, and the second largest
infrastructure deficit based on its
average spending during 1992-2011
*Source: WSJ Article
10. PROJECT
STRUCTURING
MULTIPLE CHALLENGES
PROJECT
DEVELOPMENT STAGE
PROJECT AWARD AND
EXECUTION STAGE
PROJECT
MANAGEMENT &
MONITORING STAGE
1 LAND ACQUISITION
LACK OF
INFORMATION
3
2 GREEN CLEARANCES4
DISPUTE
RESOLUTION
7
FINANCIAL ISSUES5
CAPACITY OF PRIVATE PLAYERS6
MULTIPLE APPROVAL AGENCIES6
LACK OF INSTITUTIONAL CAPACITY6
11. FINANCING ISSUES
Bank appraisal of projects has in many cases suffered from lack of
adequate diligence, sometimes due to inadequate appraisal skills.
This has affected the quality of lending
There is a shortfall in equity capital with local sponsors.
Delays in execution of projects further leads to equity getting
trapped in ongoing projects, thus not being available for newer
projects.
Balance sheets of most prominent developers in the country are
stressed and over leveraged.
Underdeveloped debt markets
12. Multiplicity of institutions and overlap
in roles
Governments at all levels(ULB, State agencies etc) by and large
unable to create steady pipeline of projects due to Institutional
capacity constraints
Multiple agencies involved in Project implementation and overlap in
functions cause inordinate delays
Inadequate capacity in authorities, consultants, financiers,
developers, statutory audit and vigilance in the PPP context has
given rise to misinformation
Lack of urban planning, and clear laws, regulations and procedures
has resulted in a slowdown of urban infrastructure projects
13. INFRA SLOWDOWN
INFRA POWER ROAD
June 13 19.1 29.8 21.5
June 14 11 14.4 14.6
Jan 15 10.4 14.7 7.9
Feb 15 10 13.9 7.5
March 15 10.1 14.2 6.7
April 10.6 15.4 5
May 15 8.6 13.6 4.6
June 15 9.2 13.1 3.4
July15 8.3 11.5 6.2
Aug 15 8.2 10.6 6.3
Sep 15 8.7 12.1 4.6
Oct 15 8.3 10.6 7.2
Nov15 8.7 10.4 7.5
Dec 15 8.4 10 7.9
CREDIT GROWTH DATA All fig in %
Road Sector emerged as the only
silver lining , Infra continues to
be on downward spiral
Credit demand is growing for the
road sector as a result of the
awarding of new projects and
feel
large portion of this decline in
credit growth is also being linked
to the high number of stalled
projects in the infrastructure
space and their contribution to
the rising non-performing assets
(NPAs)
Infra accounts for 50% of the
stalled projects and revival is the
key
Source: RBI Databank
14. Private sector problems
Over-aggressive bidding with inadequate due diligence by bidders has
sometimes led to unviable offers
Myopic assessment of risk factors and a failure to build in mitigation measures
(Due to mistaken belief that economy was growing at rapid pace at second half
of 2000)
The quality of consultancy services in PPPs has not kept pace with the growing
need for such services in the country. This is reflected in inconsistent quality of
some advisory service
Private sector developers, who were mainly construction experts, found they had
no appetite for long-term operations and maintenance (O&M) of infrastructure
assets
The DCCO(Date of commencement of commercial operations) based asset
classification norm may have resulted in many projects getting classified as
NPAs
16. Brazil
Federal laws provide an enabling framework for PPPs, there is no need for state
specific legislation
Broad political consensus to maintain favourable frameworks and to be proactive on
concession projects
Technical capacity has been the main bottleneck for PPPs, as the government has
been working to build institutional knowledge and to ensure that projects are
properly structured and launched
Successful execution of projects (Road, Urban mobility &Airports), but problems
such as inordinate delays and fewer bidders than anticipated still persist
uncompetitive and opaque bidding process, courts have further confounded the
process by issuing contradictory rulings in key areas
The government has been criticised for limiting internal rates of return; however, the
private sector is still interested and willing to compete under these terms
17. RUSSIA
Project selection regulations are solid, and transparency and fairness
requirements are in place
Broad Political support for PPPs
Country sovereign risk has been stable as public-sector external debt is low
Conducive Investment climate
Institutional actors involved in PPPs are not efficiently co-ordinated, which
undermines the impact of their activity
Limited technical capacity
Risk-allocation practices have not been implemented so as to facilitate private
participation
18. CHINA
China has approved and implemented a new regulation for PPPs in June 2015
Regulation aims to consolidate and refresh the various existing rules and
regulations on concessions
It encourage private sector participation in the financing, construction and
operation of infrastructure and utility project
Public sector is allowed to enter into concession contracts with foreign entities,
but there might be difficulties for non-PRC concessionaire to acquire the land
rights, import equipment and goods and handle taxation
procedures of dealing with various government entities to develop projects is
complex in China
State dominance which sometimes impairs the powers of Private players
Uncertainties for private players as government sometimes does not fully
respect the agreement
19. SOUTH AFRICA
SA has a strong business infrastructure, a sophisticated financial sector, and
comparatively high standards in accounting, regulatory structures and law
Government, plays a lead role in identifying the need for a PPP, developing a
business case, designing the project, procuring a private party, ensuring that
procedures are complied with, and monitoring performance
Risk allocation is generally assigned to the party best able to bear it
Score card rating system for bidders
Investors claim that the procurement process disproportionately favours
government
Biggest challenge is the broader macroeconomic and political volatility including
labour unrest and currency volatility
20. ‘PPP’ Resetting in Union Budget 2016-17
proposed Public Utilities Resolution of
Disputes Bill
renegotiation of PPP projects
new credit-rating mechanism for private
infrastructure projects
Dividends will no longer be taxed in the
hands of the recipients (Key issue in
operationalization of REIT)
Proposed far more practical structure for
Asset Reconstruction Companies
IMPLEMENTATION
OF KELKAR
COMMMITTEE
REPORT
(PPAC- Public–Private Partnership Appraisal Committee (PPPAC) consisting of the Secretary, Department of Economic Affairs, as Chairman, and Secretaries of the erstwhile Planning Commission, Department of Expenditure, Department of Legal Affairs and the Administrative Department concerned, as Members was constituted for approval of PPP projects. The project proposals were appraised in the erstwhile Planning Commission and approved by the PPPAC. Further, Empowered Institution (EI) 5 and Empowered Committee (EC) were also set up in January 2006 to approve Viability Gap Funding (VGF) to the PPP projects)
Financial Support Framework for PPPs in india
2.2.1 Setting up of India Infrastructure Finance Company Ltd. (IIFCL) In 2006 the Government established the IIFCL to provide long-term debt up to 20 per cent of the project costs to infrastructure projects. Upto one-half of the lending by IIFCL can also be in the form of subordinated debt, which often serves as quasi-equity.
2.2.2 Viability Gap Funding (VGF) The VGF Scheme was notified in 2006 to enhance the financial viability of competitively bid infrastructure projects. Under the Scheme, grant assistance upto 20 per cent of project cost is provided by the Central Government to PPP projects undertaken by the Central Ministry, State Government, statutory entity or local body, thus leveraging budgetary resources to access a large pool of private capital. The sponsoring Ministry, State Government or the project authority, if it so decides, can provide additional grant up to 20 per cent of the project cost from its own budget.
2.3 Model Bid Documents, Guidelines and Manuals for PPPs Standardised guidelines and model documents that incorporate key principles and best practices relating to bidding and award of PPP projects have been developed. These include: (a) Model Concession Agreements (MCAs) in various sectors that are based on international best practices and spell out the policy and regulatory framework that is necessary for addressing the complexities of PPPs and for balancing the interests of users and investors; (b) Model Bidding Documents pertaining to pre-qualification and selection of bidders and for selection of technical, financial and legal consultants for PPP projects; (c) Guidelines for formulation, appraisal and approval, financial support, and monitoring of PPP projects; and (d) Manual of Specifications and Standards for 2-lane and 4-lane highway projects.
Further, the Empowered Institution (EI) has approved 183 project proposals of States seeking VGF from Central Government and involve investment of Rs..
95,127 crore. Of these, 55 projects with an investment of Rs.30,917 crore have been awarded so far.
Besides the above, 43 projects in electricity generation sector totalling about 45,000 MW have been awarded to private power producers since 2005 on Design, Build, Finance, Own & Operate (DBFOO) and Design, Build, 7 Finance, Operate & Transfer (DBFOT) models. However, they are not captured in the PPPAC and EI database as these are undertaken by state companies and do not involve VGF